基于阻尼的地震循环荷载作用下黏土非线性模型
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摘要
提出一种基于阻尼比的黏土动应力应变模型,通过在滞回曲线中显示地引入代表阻尼比大小的形状系数,使得理论滞回曲线真实地反应土体的滞回阻尼性能。首先推导在等幅对称荷载下滞回曲线的理论方程。然后,为将该模型应用于随机地震荷载的情况,对扩展的曼辛不规则加卸载准则进行了改造,提出当沿小圈加载时,滞回曲线奔向曾经到达过的最大加卸载点。最后,介绍对一种粉质黏土进行的等幅循环荷载和不规则荷载作用下的循环单剪试验。试验结果表明,模型能够较好地模拟土在地震循环荷载作用下的滞回特性。
A dynamic stress-strain model based on the damping ratio of clays is proposed.Importing of the shape coefficient,which represents the soil's damping ratio,into the hysteretic loop curve function,makes that the theoretical hysteretic stress-strain loop reflect the actual damping characteristics of the soil.The theoretical functions of the hysteretic loops under symmetrical constant amplitude loading are deduced first.Then for the usage of the hysteretic loop model based on damping ratio under seismic loading,the rebuilding of the expanded Masing's rules is discussed.It is proposed that when the loading or unloading path is on the so-called"small loops",the loop curve points to the maximum or minimum loading point ever reached in the history.Finally,a cyclic simple shear testing of silt clay is introduced,under both constant amplitude loadings and irregular loadings.The test results indicate that the proposed model can simulate the hysteretic behavior of soils well.
A dynamic stress-strain model based on the damping ratio of clays is proposed.Importing of the shape coefficient,which represents the soil's damping ratio,into the hysteretic loop curve function,makes that the theoretical hysteretic stress-strain loop reflect the actual damping characteristics of the soil.The theoretical functions of the hysteretic loops under symmetrical constant amplitude loading are deduced first.Then for the usage of the hysteretic loop model based on damping ratio under seismic loading,the rebuilding of the expanded Masing's rules is discussed.It is proposed that when the loading or unloading path is on the so-called"small loops",the loop curve points to the maximum or minimum loading point ever reached in the history.Finally,a cyclic simple shear testing of silt clay is introduced,under both constant amplitude loadings and irregular loadings.The test results indicate that the proposed model can simulate the hysteretic behavior of soils well.
引文
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[11]黄义,王春玲.水平成层均质土地震反应非线性分析的半解析算法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(3):115-119(Huang Yi,Wang Chunling.A semi-analytic computationalmethod for nonlinear seismic response analysis of stratifiedsoil[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(3):115-119(In Chinese))
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[14]尚守平,刘方成,杜运兴,等.应变累积对黏土动剪模量和阻尼比影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(5):82-88(Shang Shouping,Liu Fangcheng,Du Yunxing,et al.Experimental study on effect of shear strain accumulation ondynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of clay soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(5):82-88(In Chinese))
[2]王绍博,丁海平.土动力学参数对土层动力反应的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):105-108(WangShaobo,Ding Haiping.Effect of soil dynamic parameters onseismic responses of soil layers[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,2001,21(1):105-108(InChinese))
[3]Kim Y S.Roesset J M.Effect of nonlinear soil behavior oninelastic seismic response of a structure[J].InternationalJournal of Geomechanics,ASCE,2004,4(2):104-114
[4]栾茂田,林皋.场地地震反应一维非线性计算模型[J].工程力学,1998,9(1):94-103(Luan Maotian,Lin Gao.Computational model for nonlinear analysis of soil site seismicresponse[J].Engineering Mechanics,1998,9(1):94-103(InChinese))
[5]Pyke R.Nonlinear soil models for irregular cyclic loadings[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1979,105(6):715-726
[6]王志良,王余庆,韩清宇.不规则循环剪切荷载作用下土的黏弹塑性模型[J].岩土工程学报,1980,2(3):10-19(WangZhiliang,Wang Yuqing,Han Qingyu.Visco-elastoplasticmodel for soils under irregular cyclic loading[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,1980,2(3):10-19(InChinese))
[7]郑大同,王天龙.土的滞回特性及其模型化[C]//中国土木工程学会第四届土力学及基础工程学术会议论文选集,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986:302-308(Zheng Datong,Wang Tianlong.Hysteretic properties of soils and itsmodelization[C]//Proceeding of the 4th Soil Mechanics andFoundation,CCES,Beijing:China Architecture and BuildingPress,1986:302-308(In Chinese))
[8]栾茂田.土动力非线性分析中的变参数Ramberg-Osgood本构模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(2):69-78(Luan Maotian.Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model withvariable parameters for dynamic nonlinear analysis of soils[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1992,12(2):69-78(In Chinese))
[9]Muravskii G,Frydman S.Site response analysis using anonlinear hysteretic model[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,1998,17:227-238
[10]王兰民.黄土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,2003(WangLanmin.Loess Dynamics[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2003(In Chinese))
[11]黄义,王春玲.水平成层均质土地震反应非线性分析的半解析算法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(3):115-119(Huang Yi,Wang Chunling.A semi-analytic computationalmethod for nonlinear seismic response analysis of stratifiedsoil[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(3):115-119(In Chinese))
[12]李小军,廖振鹏.土应力应变关系的黏-弹-塑模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1989,9(3):65-72(Li Xiaojun,Liao Zhenpeng.Visco-elasto-plastic model for soil stressstrain relationship[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,1989,9(3):65-72(In Chinese))
[13]王志良.土的非线性动力性质与场地地震反应[C]//地基与工业建筑抗震,北京:地震出版社,1983:1-17(WangZhiliang.Soil nonlinear dynamic properties and seismic siteresponse[C]//Foundation and Industrial ConstructionEarthquake Engineering,Beijing:Seismological Press,1983,1-17(In Chinese))
[14]尚守平,刘方成,杜运兴,等.应变累积对黏土动剪模量和阻尼比影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(5):82-88(Shang Shouping,Liu Fangcheng,Du Yunxing,et al.Experimental study on effect of shear strain accumulation ondynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of clay soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(5):82-88(In Chinese))
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