基于数字图像处理的地震波初至时间检测
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摘要
地震波初至时间的检测是地震信号处理中的一个重要环节。在地震波接收记录上,初至波振幅大于噪声振幅,初至时间位于纯噪声信号与地震有效信号和噪声之叠加信号之间的分界处。根据这些特征,本文把地震信号幅值数据处理成256级灰度图,再把灰度图二值化,然后通过检测二值图像的边缘,获得地震波的初至时刻。对于存在较多的连续异常记录道,或其它强干扰信号的地震波记录,提出了二次或多次用不同阈值对图像进行二值化的检测方法。对实际地震记录的处理表明,本文方法具有较高的精度和效率。
This paper discusses a new method of first arrival picking. The method is based on image processing methods.It is proposed for the purpose of automatic and accurate picking of large volumes of first arrival picks for refraction static analysis.The first step converts the seismic data into a grey image.The second step converts the grey scale image to a binary image.At last simple secondary pick logic can be employed to calculate a final pick time.In the course of picking,the paqer discusses a new method to influence the accuracy of picking first arrival,converts the grey scale image to more than 2 binary images by different threshold value.The experimentation has proven that the new method has great speed and efficiency.
This paper discusses a new method of first arrival picking. The method is based on image processing methods.It is proposed for the purpose of automatic and accurate picking of large volumes of first arrival picks for refraction static analysis.The first step converts the seismic data into a grey image.The second step converts the grey scale image to a binary image.At last simple secondary pick logic can be employed to calculate a final pick time.In the course of picking,the paqer discusses a new method to influence the accuracy of picking first arrival,converts the grey scale image to more than 2 binary images by different threshold value.The experimentation has proven that the new method has great speed and efficiency.
引文
[1]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4).
[2]S K Yung,Luc T Ikelle.An example of seismic timepicking bythird-order bicoherence[J].Geophysics,1997,62(6):1947-1951.
[3]王金峰,罗省闲.BP神经网络的改进及其在初至波拾取中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2002,28(1).
[4]吴雨梅,吴律.地震特征拾取及其在解释应用中的新进展[J].地球物理学进展,1996,11(2).
[5]曾富英,李敏锋,申维.地震波初至拾取的分形研究[J].现代地质,2005,16(2).
[6]潘树林,高磊.一种实现初至波自动拾取的方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2).
[7]李辉峰,邹强,金文昱.基于边缘检测的初至波自动拾取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2).
[8]彭进业,张光玉,寇夏莲.小波在灰度图像二值化中的应用[J].西北大学学报,1998,28(3).
[2]S K Yung,Luc T Ikelle.An example of seismic timepicking bythird-order bicoherence[J].Geophysics,1997,62(6):1947-1951.
[3]王金峰,罗省闲.BP神经网络的改进及其在初至波拾取中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2002,28(1).
[4]吴雨梅,吴律.地震特征拾取及其在解释应用中的新进展[J].地球物理学进展,1996,11(2).
[5]曾富英,李敏锋,申维.地震波初至拾取的分形研究[J].现代地质,2005,16(2).
[6]潘树林,高磊.一种实现初至波自动拾取的方法[J].石油物探,2005,44(2).
[7]李辉峰,邹强,金文昱.基于边缘检测的初至波自动拾取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2).
[8]彭进业,张光玉,寇夏莲.小波在灰度图像二值化中的应用[J].西北大学学报,1998,28(3).
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