地震工程中的伪动力试验方法
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摘要
在总结文献的基础上,对伪动力试验的几个问题进行了介绍和讨论,包括伪动力试验在地震工程研究中的作用,伪动力试验的基本原理和方法,伪动力试验的发展过程,伪动力试验的可靠性以及进一步的发展趋势等.文中指出伪动力试验是研究结构和构件在强地震作用下非线性性态和破坏机理的有效手段,它可用于传统结构,也可用于隔震结构和隔震装置.鉴于21世纪世界地震工程发展的新动向和我国目前的情况,作者认为我国在发展地震工程实验设备和技术的计划中,应把伪动力试验硬件和软件的研究与开发放在重要地位,建议有关研究机构给予更多的关注.
Based on literature review, several issues of Pseudo-Dynamic Test (PDT) are introduced and discussed in this paper briefly, including the role of PDT in research of earthquake engineering, its basic principle and process,the development history, the reliability and further advance of PDT, etc. It is shown that PDT is an effective method for research of non-liner behavior and rupture mechanism of structures and elements under strong earthquakes. PDT not only can be used for traditional structures but also for isolated structures and isolation devices. In view of the trend of earthquake engineering in the 21 century and the present situation both at home and abroad, the authors suggest that research and development of the hardware and software of PDT should be put into an important status in facility and technique development plan, so that more and deep concern may be awarded by the relative institutes and researchers.
Based on literature review, several issues of Pseudo-Dynamic Test (PDT) are introduced and discussed in this paper briefly, including the role of PDT in research of earthquake engineering, its basic principle and process,the development history, the reliability and further advance of PDT, etc. It is shown that PDT is an effective method for research of non-liner behavior and rupture mechanism of structures and elements under strong earthquakes. PDT not only can be used for traditional structures but also for isolated structures and isolation devices. In view of the trend of earthquake engineering in the 21 century and the present situation both at home and abroad, the authors suggest that research and development of the hardware and software of PDT should be put into an important status in facility and technique development plan, so that more and deep concern may be awarded by the relative institutes and researchers.
引文
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[23] MagonetteGE.Digitalcontrolofpseudo dynamictest[A].DoneaJandJonesPM(eds.).ExperimentalandNumericalMethodsinEarthquakeEngineering[C].1991:63-99.
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[27] ConstantinescuDR,VanKannJ,PradhanAM,etal.Pseudo dynamictestsoncompositesteel/concretejoint[A].Proc.ofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(6):3139-3144.
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[33] 朱荣华,沈聚敏,张天申.砖填充墙钢筋混凝土框架拟动力地震反应试验研究[A].第4届全国地震工程会议论文集[C].哈尔滨,1994:26-3.31.ZHURong hua,SHENJu min,ZHANGTian shen.Pseudo dynamictestresearchonRC.framewithbrickwall[A].Proceedingsofthe4thNationalConferenceofEarthquakeEngineering[C].Harbin,1994:26-3.31.
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[36] ShingPB,MahinSA.Cumulativeexperimentalerrorinpseudo dynamictest[J].EarthquakeEngrgStructDyn,1987,15(4):409-424.
[37] ShingPB,MahinSA.Rateofloadingeffectsonpseudo dynamictest[J].JStruct.EngrgASCE,1988,114(11):2403-2421.
[38] YamazakiY,NakashimaM.Reliabilityofpseudo dynamictestinearthquakeresponsesimulation[J].JStructEngrg,ASCE,1989,115(8):2098-2112.
[39] ThewaltCR,MahinSA.Thepseudo dynamictestmethod:verificationandextensions[A].DoneaJandJonesPM(eds.)ExperimentalandNumericalMethodsinEarthquakeEngineering[C].1991:101-118.
[40] GutierrezE.Realtimeandpseudo dynamictestonaSDOFreinforcedconcretestructure[A].Proceedingsofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(6):3353-3358.
[41] RoederCW,FoutchDA,GoelSC.Seismictestingoffull scalesteelbuilding part[J].JStructEngrg,ASCE,1987,113(11):2130-2145.
[42] ShingPB,MahinSA.Computationalaspectsofaseismicperformancetestmethodusingon linecomputercontrol[J].EarthquakeEngrgStructDyn,1985,13(4):507-526.
[43] SugiuraK,NagataN,SugukaY,etal.Internetrelatedstructuretesting[A].ProceedingsofTheEighthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Singapore,1998.219-224.
[44] YunCB,LeeIW,PartDU,etal.Remoteparallelpseudo dynamictestingonbase isolatedbridgeusinginternet[A].ProceedingsofTheThirteenthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Taipei,2000.87-92.
[45] WatanabeE,YunCB,SugiuraK,etal.On LineinteractivetestingbetweenKAISTandKyotoUniversity[A].ProceedingsofTheFourteenthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Kyoto,Japan,2001.369-374.
[46] TsaiKC.Networkedcollaborativepseudo dynamictestplatform[A].ProceedingsoftheInternationalConferenceonAdvancesandNewChallengesinEarthquakeEngineeringResearch[C].Harbin,China,2002.285-292.
[47] PauschkeJ,MujumdarV.Long termvisionfortheU.S.nationalsciencefoundationGeorgeE.Brown,Jr.networkforearthquakeengineeringsimulation(NEES)[A].Proc.ofthe13thWCEE[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004.562.
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[49] VanDenEindeL.DevelopmentofGeorgeE.Brown,Jr.networkforearthquakeengineeringsimulation(NEES)largehighperformanceoutdoorshaketableatUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego[A].Proc,ofthe13thWCEE[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004.3281.
[50] LiuSC,AndersonW,AstillC,etal.TheNSFearthquakedisastermitigationresearchprogram[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1998,14(3):433-440.
[2] AktanHM.Pseudo dynamictestingofstructures[J].JournalofEngineeringMechanics,ASCE,1986,112(2):183-197.
[3] MahinS.A,ShingPB,ThewaltCR,etal.Pseudo dynamictestmethod Currentstatusandfuturedirections[J].JournalofStructuralEngineering,ASCE,1989,115(8):2113-2128.
[4] 伯野元彦,四表正俊,原司.计算机により制御された,はり动的破坏实验[J].土木学会论文报告集,1969,171(11):1-8.
[5] 高利晃一,宇田川邦明,关松太郎,等.电算机—试验机ォンラィンシステムにょゐ构造物の非线型地震应答解析(その1:システムの内容)[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第229号,1975.77-84.
[6] 金多洁,西泽英和.ハィプリッド方式のォンラィン地震应答载荷实验法の开发と若干动的实验,第1报[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第323号,1983.42-49.
[7] 金多洁,西泽英和.ハィプリッド方式のォンラィン地震应答载荷实验法の开发と若干动的实验,第2报—マィクロコンピュ—ダ—にょるシステムにっぃて[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第329号,1983.36-42.
[8] 高利晃一,谷口英武,田中尚.定轴力下で任意方向の操返力水平を受けるH型钢柱の弹塑性举动—2方向水平地震动を受けるH型钢柱の弹塑性应答性状,第1报[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第323号,1983.59-70.
[9] 谷口英武,高利晃一,田中尚.2方向水平地震动を受ける构造物の电算机—试验机ォンラィン应答解析—2方向水平地震动を受けるH型钢柱の弹塑性应答性状[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第326号,1983.36-46.
[10] 高利晃一,宇田川邦明,田中尚.电算机—试验机ォンラィンシステムにょる构造物の非线形地震应答解析,その3:2层铁骨フレ—ムの解析例[J].日本建筑学会论文报告集,第288号,1980.115-124.
[11] YamazakiY,NakashimaM.Reliabilityofpseudo dynamictestinearthquakeresponsesimulation[J].JofStrucEngrg,ASCE,1989,115(8):2098-2112.
[12] TakanashiK,NakashimaM.Japaneseactivitiesonon linetesting[J].JEngrgMech,ASCE,1987,113(7):1014-1032.
[13] IemuraH,YamadaY,TanzoW.TestingR/CSpecimensbyasubstructure basedhybridearthquakeloadingsystem[A].Proc.ofthe9thWCEE[C].1988(4):35-40.
[14] NakashimaM,IshiiK,KamagataS,TsutsumiH,AndoK.Feasibilityofpseudo dynamictestusingsub structuringtechniques[A].Proc.ofthe9thWCEE[C].1988(4):47-52.
[15] NakashimaM,KatoH.Experimentalerrorgrowthbehavioranderrorgrowthcontrolinpseudo dynamictest[A].Proc.ofthe9thWCEE[C].1988(4):53-58.
[16] SekiM,KatsumataH,UchidaH,TakedaT.Studyonearthquakeresponseoftwo storiedsteelframewithY shapedbraces[A].Proc.ofthe9thWCEE[C].1988(4):65-70.
[17] YamadaY,IemuraH,TanzoW.Sub structuredhybridloadingtestsofsteelbox sectioncolumnsforinelasticearthquakeresponseofframestructures[A].Proc.ofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(5):2837-2844.
[18] TokiK,KiyonoJ.Seismicanalysisofnonlinearsoil structureinteractionsystemsusingahybridexperiment[A].Proc.ofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(3):1839-1844.
[19] ShingPB,MahinS.Pseudo dynamicmethodofseismicperformancetesting:Theoryandimplementation[R].UBC/EERC 84/011984.
[20] RoederCW,FoutchDA,GoelSC.Seismictestingoffull scalesteelbuilding PartⅠ[J].JStructEngrg,ASCE,1987,113(11):2111-2129.
[21] BursiOS,GerstleKH,ShingPB.Analysisandtestsofapartiallyrestrainedbracedframesubjectedtoseismicloadings[A].Proc.ofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(5):2955-2960.
[22] NegroP,MagonetteG.E.Experimentalmethodsinstructuraldynamics[J].EuropeanEarthquakeEngineering,1998,12(1):29-39.
[23] MagonetteGE.Digitalcontrolofpseudo dynamictest[A].DoneaJandJonesPM(eds.).ExperimentalandNumericalMethodsinEarthquakeEngineering[C].1991:63-99.
[24] NegroP.Pseudo dynamictestingofafour storeyfull scalereinforcedconcreteframebuildingdesignedinaccordingwithEurocode2andEurocode8[A].Proc.ofthe10thEuropeanConferenceonEarthquakeEngrg[C].1995:2323-2328.
[25] CalviGM,PintoPE.IrregularbridgesdesignedaccordingtoEurocode8:numericalandexperimentalverifications[A].Proc.oftheFirstJapan ItalyWorkshoponSeismicDesignofBridges[C].1995:85-96.
[26] NegroP,PintoAV.Large scalepseudo dynamictestsonhighlyirregularbridges[A].Proc.oftheFirstJapan ItalyWorkshoponSeismicDesignofBridges[C].1995:97-114.
[27] ConstantinescuDR,VanKannJ,PradhanAM,etal.Pseudo dynamictestsoncompositesteel/concretejoint[A].Proc.ofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(6):3139-3144.
[28] DeLucaA,MeleE,MolinaFJ,etal.Baseisolationforretrofittinghistoricbuildings:Evaluationofseismicperformancethroughexperimentalinvestigation[J].JournalofEarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,2001,30(8):1125-1145.
[29] MolinaFJ,GutierrezE,MagonetteG,etal.Pseudo dynamictestofabase isolatedsteelframe[A].ProceedingsoftheEleventhWorldConferenceonEarthquakeEngineering[C].Acapulco,Mexico,1996.
[30] MolinaFJ,GutierrezE,MagonetteG,etal.Pseudo dynamicsimulationofbaseisolationonareinforcedconcretebuildingbymeansofsubstructuring[A].ProceedingsoftheFirstEuropeanConferenceonStructuralControl[C].Barcelona,Spain,1996.
[31] RendaV.Pseudo dynamictestsoflargescalebaseisolatedstructurescasesofasteelframeandahistoricalbuilding[A].ProceedingsoftheInternationalPost SMIRTConferenceSeminar,Taormina,Sicily,Italy[C].1997:343-355.
[32] ChungWoo Jung.Shakingtableandpseudo dynamictestfortheevaluationoftheseismicperformanceofbased isolatedstructures[J].EngineeringStructures,1999,21(4):365-379.
[33] 朱荣华,沈聚敏,张天申.砖填充墙钢筋混凝土框架拟动力地震反应试验研究[A].第4届全国地震工程会议论文集[C].哈尔滨,1994:26-3.31.ZHURong hua,SHENJu min,ZHANGTian shen.Pseudo dynamictestresearchonRC.framewithbrickwall[A].Proceedingsofthe4thNationalConferenceofEarthquakeEngineering[C].Harbin,1994:26-3.31.
[34] TsaiKC,WangHY,ChenCH,etal.ProgressofapplicationandR＆DforpassivecontrolofstructuresinTaiwan[A].Proceedingsofthe7thInternationalSeminaronSeismicIsolation,PassiveEnergyDissipationandActiveControlofVibrationsofStructures[C].Assisi,Italy,2001:339-354.
[35] ShingPB,MahinSA.Experimentalerrorpropagationinpseudo dynamictesting[R].UBC/EERC 83/12,1983.
[36] ShingPB,MahinSA.Cumulativeexperimentalerrorinpseudo dynamictest[J].EarthquakeEngrgStructDyn,1987,15(4):409-424.
[37] ShingPB,MahinSA.Rateofloadingeffectsonpseudo dynamictest[J].JStruct.EngrgASCE,1988,114(11):2403-2421.
[38] YamazakiY,NakashimaM.Reliabilityofpseudo dynamictestinearthquakeresponsesimulation[J].JStructEngrg,ASCE,1989,115(8):2098-2112.
[39] ThewaltCR,MahinSA.Thepseudo dynamictestmethod:verificationandextensions[A].DoneaJandJonesPM(eds.)ExperimentalandNumericalMethodsinEarthquakeEngineering[C].1991:101-118.
[40] GutierrezE.Realtimeandpseudo dynamictestonaSDOFreinforcedconcretestructure[A].Proceedingsofthe10thWCEE[C].1992(6):3353-3358.
[41] RoederCW,FoutchDA,GoelSC.Seismictestingoffull scalesteelbuilding part[J].JStructEngrg,ASCE,1987,113(11):2130-2145.
[42] ShingPB,MahinSA.Computationalaspectsofaseismicperformancetestmethodusingon linecomputercontrol[J].EarthquakeEngrgStructDyn,1985,13(4):507-526.
[43] SugiuraK,NagataN,SugukaY,etal.Internetrelatedstructuretesting[A].ProceedingsofTheEighthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Singapore,1998.219-224.
[44] YunCB,LeeIW,PartDU,etal.Remoteparallelpseudo dynamictestingonbase isolatedbridgeusinginternet[A].ProceedingsofTheThirteenthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Taipei,2000.87-92.
[45] WatanabeE,YunCB,SugiuraK,etal.On LineinteractivetestingbetweenKAISTandKyotoUniversity[A].ProceedingsofTheFourteenthKKNNSeminaronCivilEngineering[C].Kyoto,Japan,2001.369-374.
[46] TsaiKC.Networkedcollaborativepseudo dynamictestplatform[A].ProceedingsoftheInternationalConferenceonAdvancesandNewChallengesinEarthquakeEngineeringResearch[C].Harbin,China,2002.285-292.
[47] PauschkeJ,MujumdarV.Long termvisionfortheU.S.nationalsciencefoundationGeorgeE.Brown,Jr.networkforearthquakeengineeringsimulation(NEES)[A].Proc.ofthe13thWCEE[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004.562.
[48] SpencerJr.B.NEESgrid:adistributedcollaboratoryforadvancedearthquakeengineeringexperimentandsimulation[A].Proc.ofthe13thWCEE[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004.1674.
[49] VanDenEindeL.DevelopmentofGeorgeE.Brown,Jr.networkforearthquakeengineeringsimulation(NEES)largehighperformanceoutdoorshaketableatUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego[A].Proc,ofthe13thWCEE[C].Vancouver,Canada,2004.3281.
[50] LiuSC,AndersonW,AstillC,etal.TheNSFearthquakedisastermitigationresearchprogram[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1998,14(3):433-440.
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