季节性冻土和多年冻土对场地地震反应的影响
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摘要
季节性冻土和多年冻土的存在,对场地的地震反应将产生一定的影响。根据一维波动理论,应用水平层状场地地震反应的等效线性化有关程序,对季节性I,II类场地的冻土区和多年冻土区在不同地震波作用下的反应进行计算,分析冻土层的变化对场地地震反应的影响。计算结果表明:在季节性冻土区,冻土层使自由场地的地面峰值加速度减小,且随冻土地温降低,冻土厚度增大、地面的加速度减小。对II类场地的冻土层影响大于I类场地;在多年冻土区,冻土层厚度越大,II类场地的地面加速度越小,而在I类场地上没有此规律。多年冻土上界以上为融土时,地表面的加速度峰值比上界以上为季节性冻土时要大。
The seismic responses of site will be influenced to certain extension when seasonal frozen soil and permafrost exist. According to one-dimensional fluctuation theory,the seismic responses field of Classes I and II in permafrost and seasonal frozen soils are calculated under multifarious earthquakes by using equivalent linearization program of plane-stratum earthquake response. The influences of seismic responses in field are analyzed due to the thickness change of frozen soil layer. It indicates that in seasonal frozen regions,the peak value of ground surface acceleration decreases when seasonal frozen soil exists;and its acceleration peak value decreases with decrease of temperature of frozen soil and with increase of thickness of frozen soil. The influences of frozen soil/site of Class I are greater than that of Class II. The calculated results also show that in permafrost, the deeper of frozen soil layer is,the more decrescent of the site ground acceleration peak value for site of Class II is. However,the rule is not suitable for site of Class I. When the overlay of permafrost is thawy soil,the acceleration peak value is greater than that when the overlay permafrost changes into frozen soil.
The seismic responses of site will be influenced to certain extension when seasonal frozen soil and permafrost exist. According to one-dimensional fluctuation theory,the seismic responses field of Classes I and II in permafrost and seasonal frozen soils are calculated under multifarious earthquakes by using equivalent linearization program of plane-stratum earthquake response. The influences of seismic responses in field are analyzed due to the thickness change of frozen soil layer. It indicates that in seasonal frozen regions,the peak value of ground surface acceleration decreases when seasonal frozen soil exists;and its acceleration peak value decreases with decrease of temperature of frozen soil and with increase of thickness of frozen soil. The influences of frozen soil/site of Class I are greater than that of Class II. The calculated results also show that in permafrost, the deeper of frozen soil layer is,the more decrescent of the site ground acceleration peak value for site of Class II is. However,the rule is not suitable for site of Class I. When the overlay of permafrost is thawy soil,the acceleration peak value is greater than that when the overlay permafrost changes into frozen soil.
引文
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[2]徐学燕,仲丛利.冻土动弹模、动泊松比的确定[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1997,30(4):23–29.(Xu Xueyan,Zhong Congli.Determination of dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic Poisson′s ratio of frozen soil[J].Journal of Harbin Civil Engineering and Architecture,1997,30(4):23–29.(in Chinese))
[3]陆鸣,李小军.青藏铁路四座主要桥梁工程场地地震安全性评价报告[R].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程地震研究中心,2001.(Lu Ming,Li Xiaojun.Report of seismic security estimation on engineering site of four bridges in Qinghai—Tibet Railway[R].Harbin:Research Center of Seismic Engineering,China Earthquake Administration.2001.(in Chinese))
[4]徐学燕,徐春华,李晓稚.冻土场地地震加速度反应谱研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):680–683.(Xu Xueyan,Xu Chunhua,Li Xiaozi.Research on earthquake acceleration response spectrum of frozen soil ground[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):680–683.(in Chinese))
[5]刘鸿绪,孙彦福,陈亚明,等.季节冻土层对房屋地震破坏的影响[J].冰川冻土,1998,20(1):46–50.(Liu Hongxu,Sun Yanfu,Chen Yaming,et al.Influence of seasonally frozen ground on the seismic damages of buildings[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1998,20(1):46–50.(in Chinese))
[6]王旭,蒋代军.青藏铁路冻土动三轴试验及分析[R].兰州:兰州交通大学,2003.(Wang Xu,Jiang Daijun.Triaxial compression test and analysis of frozen soil in Qinghai—Tibet Railway[R].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2003.(in Chinese))
[7]王大雁,朱元林,马巍,等.冻土超声波波速与冻土物理力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1837–1840.(Wang Dayan,Zhu Yuanlin,Ma Wei,et al.Testing study on relationship between ultrasonic wave velocities and physico-mechanical property of frozen soils[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1837–1840.(in Chinese))
[8]徐学燕,仲丛利,陈亚明,等.冻土的动力特性研究及其参数确定[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(5):77–81.(Xu Xueyan,Zhong Congli,Chen Yaming,et al.Research on dynamic characters of frozen soil and determination of its parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1998,20(5):77–81.(in Chinese))
[9]王大雁,马巍,常小晓.K0固结后卸载状态下冻土应力–应变特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1252–1256.(Wang Dayan,Ma Wei,Chang Xiaoxiao.Study on behavior of stress-strain for frozen soils subjected to K0consolidation by unloading triaxial shear test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1252–1256.(in Chinese))
[10]潘昌实.隧道力学数值方法[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1995.(Pan Changshi.Numerical Method for Tunnelling Mechanics[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1995.(in Chinese))
[11]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.(Liao Zhenpeng.Introduction to Theory of Engineering Wave[M].Beijing:Science Press,1996.(in Chinese))
[12]廖振鹏.地震小区划——理论与实践[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.(Liao Zhenpeng.Seismic Microzonation—Theory and Practice[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1989.(in Chinese))
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