地震对海底悬跨管道动水力作用的实验研究
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摘要
利用水下地震模拟系统,开展了刚性管道在地震作用下的水下模型实验,量测了管道周围流场的变化和管道表面的动水压力。基于Morison方程建立了地震作用下海底悬跨管道的动水作用力模型,按最小二乘原理得出管道的拖曳力系数CD和惯性力系数CM。通过对实测数据分析得出,雷诺数Re数和Kc数是影响管道受力的两个主要因素。分别对CD和CM随Re和Kc的变化趋势进行了拟合,得到CD和CM的定量表达公式。本次试验工况下,水深和悬跨高度对管道的受力影响不明显。
Model tests of a free spanning rigid submarine pipe subjected to earthquake were conducted on an underwater shaking table. The fluid field adjacent to the pipe and hydrodynamic force on the surface of the pipe were measured. The drag coefficient CD and the inertia coefficient CM used in Morison equation were obtained on the basis of least square method. The experimental results showed that Reynolds number Re and Keulegan-Carpenter number Kc were two main parameters influencing the hydrodynamic forces imposed on pipeline under earthquakes. The variation of CD and CM with function of Reand Kc fitted by regression analysis was expressed quantitatively. Water depth and span height had no significant effects on the hydrodynamic forces of pipeline under these experimental cases.
Model tests of a free spanning rigid submarine pipe subjected to earthquake were conducted on an underwater shaking table. The fluid field adjacent to the pipe and hydrodynamic force on the surface of the pipe were measured. The drag coefficient CD and the inertia coefficient CM used in Morison equation were obtained on the basis of least square method. The experimental results showed that Reynolds number Re and Keulegan-Carpenter number Kc were two main parameters influencing the hydrodynamic forces imposed on pipeline under earthquakes. The variation of CD and CM with function of Reand Kc fitted by regression analysis was expressed quantitatively. Water depth and span height had no significant effects on the hydrodynamic forces of pipeline under these experimental cases.
引文
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[2]BEARMAN P W,ZDRAVKOVICH M M.Flow around a circular cylinder near a plane boundary[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1978,89(1):33-48.
[3]SARPKAYA T,STORM M.In-line force on a cylinder translating in oscillatory flow[J].Applied Ocean Research,1985,7(4):188-196.
[4]JACOBSEN V,BRYNDUM M B,THATIALSIS D T.Prediction of irregular wave forces on submarine pipelines[C].Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.Houston:ASME,1988.
[5]BRYNDUM M B,JACOBSEN V,TSAHALIS D T.Hydrodynamic forces on pipelines:model tests[C].Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.Houston:ASME,1988.
[6]LARSEN C M,YTTERVIK R,ARONSEN K.Calculation of in-line vortex induced vibrations of free spanning pipelines[C].Proceedings of the26thInternational Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering.San Diego:ASME,2007.
[7]姚熊亮,方媛媛,戴绍仕,等.基于LES方法圆柱绕流三维数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2007,22(5):564-572.YAO Xiong-liang,FANG Yuan-yuan,DAI Shao-shi,et al.Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the flow past a circular cylinder based on LES method[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,Ser.A,2007,22(5):564-572.
[8]贾晓荷,刘桦.双圆柱绕流的大涡模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展,A辑,2008,23(6):625-632.JIA Xiao-he,LIU Hua.Large eddy simulation of flow around two circular cylinders[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2008,23(6):625-632.
[9]DNV Offshore Standard,OS-F101,1992,Submarine Pipeline Systems[S].
[10]ASME B31.8,2007,Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems[S].
[11]李昕,刘亚坤,周晶,等.海底悬跨管道动力响应的试验研究和数值模拟[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):21-25.LI Xin,LIU Ya-kun,ZHOU Jing,et al.Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of dynamic response of free spanning submarine pipelines[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):21-25.
[12]LI X,LIU Y K,ZHOU J.Experimental study on free spanning submarine pipeline under dynamic excitation[J].China Ocean Engineering,2002,16(4):537-548.
[13]ZHOU J,LI X,DONG R B.Experimental study and numerical analysis on free spanning submarine pipelines[C].The Proceedings of15th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,Seoul,Korea,2005.
[14]LI X,DONG R B,JIN Q,et al.Hydrodynamic force model on free spanning pipeline subjected to seismic excitations[C].Proceedings of the ASME27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering,Estoril,Portugal,2008.
[15]ZEINODDINI M,SADROSSADAT S M,PARKE G A R.Nonlinear seismic analysis of free spanning submarine pipelines:effects of pipe-water interaction[C].Proceedings of the ASME27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering,Estoril,Portugal,2008.
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