无人机遥感图像及其三维可视化在汶川地震救灾中的应用
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摘要
在分析了无人机低空遥感影像几何变形原理,对无人机遥感数据进行图像拼接与几何校正,正射精校正等处理后与高精度DEM融合,制作出了研究区景观的三维遥感虚拟动态模型。通过分析三维可视化图像,结合地形资料,对汶川地震重灾区安县茶坪河流域由山体滑坡和崩塌等地貌变化造成的堰塞湖和相关灾害,进行了高分辨率、低空遥感的灾害信息获取和灾情评估。实践表明,在灾害应急和复杂地形条件下,使用无人机低空遥感及其三维可视化技术,进行实地数据采集和信息提取,能够对震后各种实时情景进行精确描述,为决策者提供了准确、详细、及时的第一手资料,从而最大限度地减少损失。
This paper analyzes the geometric distortion principles of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) remote sensing image. After making the treatment of image stitching,geometric correction and ejaculation correction, the remote sensing data of UAV is integrated with high-precision DEM, then the three-dimensional virtual dynamic model of research landscape is built. Through analyzing three-dimensional visualization image, and combining with terrain data, it attains the high-precision, low altitude remote sensing disaster information and evaluates the disaster situation about the dammed lakes and associated hazards which caused by changes in topography such as landslides and avalanches in Cha-ping river of An county in Wen-chuan earthquake-hit area. The fact shows that in the disaster emergency and the complicated terrain situation, data collection and information extraction can depict the true environment exactly by using the technology of UAV low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional visualization. Then it can provide decision-makers with accurate, detailed, timely and first-hand information, and minimize the losses.
This paper analyzes the geometric distortion principles of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) remote sensing image. After making the treatment of image stitching,geometric correction and ejaculation correction, the remote sensing data of UAV is integrated with high-precision DEM, then the three-dimensional virtual dynamic model of research landscape is built. Through analyzing three-dimensional visualization image, and combining with terrain data, it attains the high-precision, low altitude remote sensing disaster information and evaluates the disaster situation about the dammed lakes and associated hazards which caused by changes in topography such as landslides and avalanches in Cha-ping river of An county in Wen-chuan earthquake-hit area. The fact shows that in the disaster emergency and the complicated terrain situation, data collection and information extraction can depict the true environment exactly by using the technology of UAV low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional visualization. Then it can provide decision-makers with accurate, detailed, timely and first-hand information, and minimize the losses.
引文
[1]马瑞升,孙涵,林宗桂,等.微型无人机遥感影像的纠偏与定位[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,28(5):632.
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[7]曹代勇,李青元,朱小弟,等.地质构造三维可视化模型探讨[J].地质与勘探,2001,37(4):60.
[8]李玉霞,杨武年,刘汉湖,等.遥感图像三维可视化技术在西部高原区机场建设工程中的应用—以昆明小哨机场为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(3):260.
[9]李冰海,杨武年.遥感图像数字处理新方法—模拟反射率图像[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,29(1):58.
[10]易美华,朱自强,黄国祥,等.小波变换在遥感图像压缩中的应用及Matlab实现[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(3):270.
[2]马轮基,马瑞升,林宗桂.微型无人机遥感应用初探[J].广西气象,2005,26:180.
[3]赵鹏,沈庭芝.微小型无人机遥感图像应用[J].火力与指挥控制,2009,34(7):158.
[4]林剑,鲍光淑,陈绍求,等.GIS数据融入遥感图像理解的模型初探[J].物探化探计算技术,2002,24(1):62.
[5]杨武年,FRANOIS CAUNEAU,TH～RRY RANCHN,等.应用多种数据融合方法对多时相SPOT图像处理提取三峡工程大坝区地面动态变化信息[J].物探化探计算技术,2005,27(3):267.
[6]崔红霞,林宗坚,孙杰.大重叠度无人机遥感影像的三维建模方法研究[J].测绘科学,2005,30(2):36.
[7]曹代勇,李青元,朱小弟,等.地质构造三维可视化模型探讨[J].地质与勘探,2001,37(4):60.
[8]李玉霞,杨武年,刘汉湖,等.遥感图像三维可视化技术在西部高原区机场建设工程中的应用—以昆明小哨机场为例[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(3):260.
[9]李冰海,杨武年.遥感图像数字处理新方法—模拟反射率图像[J].物探化探计算技术,2006,29(1):58.
[10]易美华,朱自强,黄国祥,等.小波变换在遥感图像压缩中的应用及Matlab实现[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(3):270.
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