城市给水系统地震风险分析及震后供水
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摘要
汶川地震导致重灾区绵竹市给水系统严重受损,供水中断数日后逐渐恢复供水,结合数次地震对供水系统震损统计和经验,总结了城市给水系统各组成部分主要的震损形式.以西部大城市地表水给水系统为例,对水源水库、输水管渠、净水厂及给水管网进行了地震脆弱性分析;针对汶川地震后应急供水经验,提出了临时应急供水和系统恢复供水技术措施;震后居民临时安置房建设及用水具有明显的特殊性,确定了给水及消防设计方案.
The water supply system of Mianzhu City,one of the heaviest disaster areas,was out of the service because of the seismic damage in Wenchuan earthquake.According to the statistical data of the seismic damage in its water supply system,the seismic damage characteristics of different components in water supply system is concluded.Taking the surface water supply system in western cities in China as object,this paper presents the seismic vulnerability analysis on the Water Source Reservoir,water transmission conduit,water treatment plant and water supply network.Based on the experiences of the emergency water supply in Wenchuan earthquake,the technical measures of temporary emergency water supply and recovery system water supply are proposed.Lastly,the paper determines the program of the water supply and fire protection for settlement buildings according to its demand for water.
The water supply system of Mianzhu City,one of the heaviest disaster areas,was out of the service because of the seismic damage in Wenchuan earthquake.According to the statistical data of the seismic damage in its water supply system,the seismic damage characteristics of different components in water supply system is concluded.Taking the surface water supply system in western cities in China as object,this paper presents the seismic vulnerability analysis on the Water Source Reservoir,water transmission conduit,water treatment plant and water supply network.Based on the experiences of the emergency water supply in Wenchuan earthquake,the technical measures of temporary emergency water supply and recovery system water supply are proposed.Lastly,the paper determines the program of the water supply and fire protection for settlement buildings according to its demand for water.
引文
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[4]肖邵雍.地震对城市供水管网的破坏情况分析[J].中国给水排水,2004,20(1):34-35.XIAO Shao-yong.Analysis onthe Damage of Earthquake to Urban Water Supply Pipe Network[J].China Water&Wastewater,2004,20(1):34-35.
[5]张安玉.基于GIS的供水管网地震功能评价系统研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.ZHANG An-yu.Seismic Function Evaluation System Study of the Water Supply Network Based GIS[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.
[6]胡晓娜,王亮.地下供水管线的震害分析[J].甘肃科技,2007,23(12):183-185.HU Xiao-na,WANG Liang.Seismic Damage Analysis for Subground Water Supply Network[J].Gansu Scienceand Technology,2007,23(12):183-185.
[7]柳春光,张安玉.供水管网地震功能的失效分析[J].工程力学,2007,24(3):142-146.LI U Chun-guang,ZHANG An-yu.Seismic Performance Analysis on Water Supply Network[J].Engineering Me-chanics,2007,24(3):142-146.
[8]黄廷林,丛海兵,崔红军.供水管网状态估计及其在西安市供水管网中的应用[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2005,37(1):1-11.HUANG Ting-lin,CONG Hai-bing,CUI Hong-jun.Opti mal state esti mation of water distribution networks:applica-tion to Xi′an city[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2005,37(1):1-11.
[9]丛海兵,黄廷林.给水管网的状态模拟[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(4):343-346.CONG Hai-bing,HUANG Ting-lin.State si mulation of water distribution network[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2003,35(4);343-346.
[10]陈伶俐,李杰,叶志明.震后特殊供水状态下的供水管网水力分析[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(3):89-94.CHEN Ling-li,LI Jie,YE Zhi-ming.Hydraulic analysis of post-earthquake water supply network[J].Journal ofNatural Disasters,2004,13(3):89-94.
[2]温德超,郑兆昌,孙焕纯.储液罐抗震研究的发展[J].力学进展,1995,25(1):60-76.WEN De-chao,ZHENG Zhao-chang,SUN Huan-chun.Development of aseismic research on liquid storage tanks[J].Advances in mechanics,1995,25(1):60-76.
[3]尹力峰,王坚.供水管渠的地震危险度评价———以克拉玛依水源系统管渠工程为例[J].内陆地震,1997,11(3):218-227.YIN Li-feng,WANGJian.Earthquake risk esti mation of water supply buried tube and ditch-demonstrated by anexample of Kelamayi s buried tube and ditch engineering[J].Inland earthquake,1997,11(3):218-227.
[4]肖邵雍.地震对城市供水管网的破坏情况分析[J].中国给水排水,2004,20(1):34-35.XIAO Shao-yong.Analysis onthe Damage of Earthquake to Urban Water Supply Pipe Network[J].China Water&Wastewater,2004,20(1):34-35.
[5]张安玉.基于GIS的供水管网地震功能评价系统研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.ZHANG An-yu.Seismic Function Evaluation System Study of the Water Supply Network Based GIS[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.
[6]胡晓娜,王亮.地下供水管线的震害分析[J].甘肃科技,2007,23(12):183-185.HU Xiao-na,WANG Liang.Seismic Damage Analysis for Subground Water Supply Network[J].Gansu Scienceand Technology,2007,23(12):183-185.
[7]柳春光,张安玉.供水管网地震功能的失效分析[J].工程力学,2007,24(3):142-146.LI U Chun-guang,ZHANG An-yu.Seismic Performance Analysis on Water Supply Network[J].Engineering Me-chanics,2007,24(3):142-146.
[8]黄廷林,丛海兵,崔红军.供水管网状态估计及其在西安市供水管网中的应用[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2005,37(1):1-11.HUANG Ting-lin,CONG Hai-bing,CUI Hong-jun.Opti mal state esti mation of water distribution networks:applica-tion to Xi′an city[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2005,37(1):1-11.
[9]丛海兵,黄廷林.给水管网的状态模拟[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(4):343-346.CONG Hai-bing,HUANG Ting-lin.State si mulation of water distribution network[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2003,35(4);343-346.
[10]陈伶俐,李杰,叶志明.震后特殊供水状态下的供水管网水力分析[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(3):89-94.CHEN Ling-li,LI Jie,YE Zhi-ming.Hydraulic analysis of post-earthquake water supply network[J].Journal ofNatural Disasters,2004,13(3):89-94.
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