海洋宽线地震成像方法及效果分析
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摘要
宽线地震勘探技术因其性价比优势在复杂陆地探区油气资源勘探中应用广泛,成功案例较多,但在我国海洋地震勘探领域的成功应用并不多见。此文利用南海北部湾盆地某三维探区的二源三缆一束航海线,结合地下共深度点(CDP)面元的合理定义,系统地进行了基于二维、三维叠前深度偏移算法的多种宽线成像试验,并从成像效果、信噪比等方面进行了详细的对比分析。试验表明海洋宽线的成像处理选取二维算法成像效果较三维算法的成像结果好。对比以前的二维叠前时间偏移结果,工区区域宽线地震资料叠前深度偏移处理取得了较好的应用效果。
The wide-line seismic survey has been used successfully and widely in onshore petroleum exploration because of the low cost and good effect.However,offshore wide-line seismic survey application cases have not been reported in China.In order to compare the effects of offshore wide-line data acquired with different configuration,a sail line with 2 sources and 3 streamers was selected from a 3D seismic survey in Baibu Gulf Basin,South China Sea.Combined with the CDP definition,imaging testing has been conducted systematically with 2D/3D Pre-stack Depth Migration(PSDM) on the chosen data.In addition,comparison analysis has been finished about imaging results and S/N ratio.The testing results show that the 2D Kirchhoff PSDM algorithm can achieve better results than 3D Kirchhoff PSDM algorithm in imaging processing of offshore wide-line seismic data.Compared with vintage 2D Prestack time migration data,the application results with 2D PSDM data by regional wide-line survey in the study area are better.
The wide-line seismic survey has been used successfully and widely in onshore petroleum exploration because of the low cost and good effect.However,offshore wide-line seismic survey application cases have not been reported in China.In order to compare the effects of offshore wide-line data acquired with different configuration,a sail line with 2 sources and 3 streamers was selected from a 3D seismic survey in Baibu Gulf Basin,South China Sea.Combined with the CDP definition,imaging testing has been conducted systematically with 2D/3D Pre-stack Depth Migration(PSDM) on the chosen data.In addition,comparison analysis has been finished about imaging results and S/N ratio.The testing results show that the 2D Kirchhoff PSDM algorithm can achieve better results than 3D Kirchhoff PSDM algorithm in imaging processing of offshore wide-line seismic data.Compared with vintage 2D Prestack time migration data,the application results with 2D PSDM data by regional wide-line survey in the study area are better.
引文
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[18]杜中东,邓述全.黄土塬非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增1):35-39.
[19]于相海,刘明乾.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬区弯宽线地震资料处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增1):80-85.
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[21]吴志强,肖国林.基于南黄海盆地海相油气的海洋立体宽线地震勘探技术设想[J].海洋地质前沿,2012,28(8):56-60.
[22]张振波,王征.海上拖缆宽线理论及其在南海潮汕坳陷中生界地层中的试验效果分析[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(7):57-62.
[23]赵仁永,张振波.双传感器拖缆采集技术在珠江口盆地中生界地层中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(3):58-61.
[2]Land and Marine Seismic Wide Line Profiling[M].CGG,technical series.
[3]包吉山.宽线剖面[J].石油物探,1978,17(2):70-78.
[4]梁世华,王世库.苏北唐港地区地震宽线试验和效果[J].石油物探,1981,20(3):12-22.
[5]神风殿,杨清波.地震宽线方法的应用和效果[J].石油物探,1983,22(4):1-17.
[6]刘广信.李新民.CYBER170-720宽线剖面资料处理及效果[J].石油物探,1984,23(4):41-64.
[7]MERLAND J.Wide Line Profiling in Offshore Operations[M].1973:27-38.
[8]高海燕.宽线地震技术在辽河盆地西部凹陷八一水库区域勘探的应用[J].东北地震研究,2002,18(2):57-62.
[9]刘依谋,梁向豪.库车坳陷复杂山地宽线采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):418-424.
[10]吴超,彭更新.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290-295.
[11]张建伟,王红旗.酒西盆地山地宽线地震资料处理方法研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2004,26(2):101-104.
[12]殷军,徐峰.库车地区宽线采集技术应用与效果[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):49-51.
[13]HE Yongqing,TANG Donglei.A Wide Line Acquisition Case for Overthrust Nappe Structure of Kulong Mountain in Jiuquan Basin[C].SEG Annual Meeting,2003.
[14]罗仁泽,黄元溢.宽线大组合地震接收原理及实践[J].天然气技术与经济,2011,5(1):21-23.
[15]张春贺,乔德武.柴达木盆地西部复杂山地宽线地震勘探技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(2):189-193.
[16]李丽,王佳超.柴达木盆地大乌斯地区二维(宽线)地震资料重复处理[J].青海石油,2011,29(2):7-11.
[17]雷扬,吴闻静.羌塘盆地地震资料宽线采集方法研究[J].复杂油气藏,2012,5(3):41-44.
[18]杜中东,邓述全.黄土塬非纵地震勘探技术及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增1):35-39.
[19]于相海,刘明乾.鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬区弯宽线地震资料处理[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增1):80-85.
[20]梁黎明,罗仁泽.黄土塬地区宽线地震资料处理技术的几点认识[J].天然气技术,2009,3(2):24-27.
[21]吴志强,肖国林.基于南黄海盆地海相油气的海洋立体宽线地震勘探技术设想[J].海洋地质前沿,2012,28(8):56-60.
[22]张振波,王征.海上拖缆宽线理论及其在南海潮汕坳陷中生界地层中的试验效果分析[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(7):57-62.
[23]赵仁永,张振波.双传感器拖缆采集技术在珠江口盆地中生界地层中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(3):58-61.
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