爆破地震效应激发煤与瓦斯突出的监测分析
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摘要
以某突出矿井1261采煤工作面爆破为例,测试了该工作面前方卸压区和应力集中区的爆破振动速度和爆破振动频率;通过对现场测试数据的回归分析,得出了振动速度、爆破药量及地震波传播距离三者间的关系;采用"db7"小波法分析了爆破振动频谱、能量分布及爆破地震效应对煤与瓦斯突出的激发影响。监测表明:工作面前方卸压区和应力集中区爆破地震效应较小,不能直接破坏该区煤体,但该区煤体获取爆破振动能量后,工作面瓦斯突出危险性将增大。根据煤与瓦斯突出能量方程和工作面条件,调整爆破方案,可以降低爆破地震效应对采掘工作面煤与瓦斯突出的激发程度。
Taking the 1261 working face blasting in a outburst-prone mine for examples,speed and frequency of blasting vibration were tested in the stress-relaxed area and stress-concentration area ahead of the working face. The testing data on the working face were regressed to disclose the relationships between vibration velocity,explosive charge and propagation distance. With "db7" wavelet method,the frequency spectrum of blasting vibration,the energy distribution and the motivating effect of blasting shock effects on the coal and gas outburst were analyzed. It is shown by monitoring analysis that blasting vibration effect in the stress-relaxed area and stress-concentration area ahead of the working face is so slight that it can't destroy coal seam directly,after coal seam in the two areas obtaining blasting vibration energy,the danger of gas outburst in working face will increase. According to the energy equation and the conditions in working face,the blasting scheme was regulated,the motivating effect of blasting shock effects of the two areas on the coal and gas outburst in working face can be reduced to a degree.
Taking the 1261 working face blasting in a outburst-prone mine for examples,speed and frequency of blasting vibration were tested in the stress-relaxed area and stress-concentration area ahead of the working face. The testing data on the working face were regressed to disclose the relationships between vibration velocity,explosive charge and propagation distance. With "db7" wavelet method,the frequency spectrum of blasting vibration,the energy distribution and the motivating effect of blasting shock effects on the coal and gas outburst were analyzed. It is shown by monitoring analysis that blasting vibration effect in the stress-relaxed area and stress-concentration area ahead of the working face is so slight that it can't destroy coal seam directly,after coal seam in the two areas obtaining blasting vibration energy,the danger of gas outburst in working face will increase. According to the energy equation and the conditions in working face,the blasting scheme was regulated,the motivating effect of blasting shock effects of the two areas on the coal and gas outburst in working face can be reduced to a degree.
引文
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[2]胡千庭,孟贤正,张永将,等.深部矿井综掘面煤的突然压出机理及其预测[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(10):1487-1492.Hu Qianting,Meng Xianzheng,Zhang Yongjiang,et al.Mechanism and forecast of coal sudden extrusion driving face in deep mine of fully mechanized[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(10):1487-1492.
[3]张国辉.煤层应力状态及煤与瓦斯突出防治研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005:2-25.Zhang Guohui.Research on state stress of coal seam and prevention and cure of coal and gas outburst[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical U-niversity,2005:2-25.
[4]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.The National Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.GB6722-2003safety regulations for blasting[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2004.
[5]贾虎.爆破动载作用下邻近硐室围岩稳定性的研究[D].合肥:安徽理工大学,2006:14-21.Jia Hu.Study on chamber wall rock stability on blasting dynastic load[D].Hefei:Anhui University of Sience and Technology,2006:14-21.
[6]张铁岗.矿井瓦斯综合治理技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003:110-130.Zhang Tiegang.Integrated control technology of coal mine gas[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2003:110-130.
[7]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004:39-80.Ling Tonghua.Blast vibration effect and itiative control of vibrational damage[D].Changsha:Central South University,2004:39-80.
[8]杨小林,侯爱军,梁为民.隧道掘进爆破的损伤机理与振动危害[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(4):400-404.Yang Xiaolin,Hou Aijun,Liang Weimin.Damage mechanism and vi-bration effects in tunnel blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(4):400-404.
[9]蒋承林,俞启香.煤与瓦斯突出过程能量耗散规律的研究[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(2):173-178.Jiang Chenglin,Yu Qixiang.Rules of energy dissipation in coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(2):173-178.
[10]崔积弘.隧道掘进爆破振动的数值模拟研究[D].泰安:山东科技大学,2005:31-41.Cui Jihong.Numerical simulation study of tunnel excavation blas-ting seismic[D].Tai’an:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2005:31-41.
[11]蒋承林.爆破对矿井突出的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(5):502-507.Jiang Chenglin.Analysis about the effect of blasting on outburst in mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(5):502-507.
[12]李孝林,穆太升,董鑫.频率在爆破震害中的作用及其影响因素分析[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):15-18.Li Xiaolin,Mu Taisheng,Dong Xin.Role of frequency in harm of blasting vibration and analysis of its influence factors[J].Engineer-ing Blasting,2001,7(3):15-18.
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