水库在地震时的水体波动模型及其力学分析
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摘要
地震是一种复杂的地质运动,对水库有很大影响。在地震时,库区水体波动幅度很大,大幅度水体波动不仅会影响到水面的船舶,对水库基础设施的破坏性也是很大的。为减少水体的破坏性,需对库区水体的波动形式进行定量分析,为此本文建立关于空间半径和时间为变量的水体波动延迟方程,以及解释在波动过程中水体的延迟波动带来的压强差产生漩涡和跃波的产生机理,并确定产生跃波和最大漩涡的位置,从而为水库的安全设计提供参考依据。
Earthquake is a kind of complex geologic movements with a great effect on reservoir.The range of water in reservoir is large which not only has the effect on ships in the water,but also has great damage on the infrastructure of reservoir.In order to reduce the damage on water,the quantitative analysis is applied in fluctuation form on the water of reservoir area.The reservoirs is abstracted as a semicircle model and on this basis to build a delay equation about the wave of water in the paper in which space radius and time are variables,and then get the formulas of water wave amplified in the various depths.Accordingly,it also explains the mechanism that the pressure differences during the delay wave of water cause vortex and bounce wave.The locations of the bounce wave and vortices are determined.The research result is of some reference for the secure design of reservoir.
Earthquake is a kind of complex geologic movements with a great effect on reservoir.The range of water in reservoir is large which not only has the effect on ships in the water,but also has great damage on the infrastructure of reservoir.In order to reduce the damage on water,the quantitative analysis is applied in fluctuation form on the water of reservoir area.The reservoirs is abstracted as a semicircle model and on this basis to build a delay equation about the wave of water in the paper in which space radius and time are variables,and then get the formulas of water wave amplified in the various depths.Accordingly,it also explains the mechanism that the pressure differences during the delay wave of water cause vortex and bounce wave.The locations of the bounce wave and vortices are determined.The research result is of some reference for the secure design of reservoir.
引文
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[2]黄立人,马青,王若柏.中国大陆部分地区的地壳垂直运动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(4):7-12.HUANG Li-ren,MA Qing,WANG Ruo-bai.Vertical crustal movement in a part of China mainland[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(4):7-12.
[3]郭良迁,黄立人,马青,等.地壳垂直形变场与强震关系研究[J].灾害学,2007,22(1):6-12.GUO Liang-qian,HUANG Li-ren,MA Qing,et al.Research on the relationship between vertical crustal deformation field and strong earthquakes[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2007,22(1):6-12.
[4]张四新,王双绪,张希,等.民乐-山丹6.1级地震前后的地壳垂直形变[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,26(1):42-48.ZHANG Si-xin,WANG Shuang-xu,ZHANG Xi,et al.Vertical crust deformation before and after Minle Shandan Ms6.1earth-quake on October25,2003[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2006,26(1):42-48.
[5]张兴华,宋金玲,王琼伟,等.云南地壳形变与丽江7.0级地震[J].地震研究,1997,20(1):72-82.ZHANG Xin-hua,SONG Jin-lin,WAN Qing-wei,et al.Crustal deformation and the M7.0Lijiang earthquake in Yunnan[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1997,20(1):72-82.
[6]张诗玉,钟敏.地表流体变化对我国地壳垂直形变的影响[J].武汉大学学报,2007,32(5):458-460.ZHANG Shi-yu,ZHONG Min.Vertical crustal displacements in China due to surface fluid changes[J].Geomatics and Infor-mation Science of Wuhan University,2007,32(5):458-460.
[7]张昭栋,郭英琪,邹钟毅.海平面变化与地震初探[J].内陆地震,2001,15(4):311-315.ZHANG Zhao-dong,GUO Ying-qi,ZOU Zhong-yi.Prelminary discussion on relation between sealevel variation and earth-quakes[J].Inland Earthquake,2001,15(4):311-315.
[8]谢振华,宋存义.工程流体力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.XIE Zhen-hua,SONG Cun-yi.Engineering liquid mechanics[M].Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Press,2005.
[9]刘秉正,彭建华.非线性动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.LIU Bing-zheng,PENG Jian-hua.Nonlinear dynamics[M].Beijing:High Education Press,2005.
[10]William T.Thomson,Marie Dillon Dahleh.Theory of vibration with applications[M].Pearson Education Asia Limited and Tsinghua University Press,2005.
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