尾矿坝地震反应分析及抗震措施研究
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摘要
采用动力非线性有限元法,分析了尾矿坝地震反应、超孔隙水压力的发展过程和变形特征,研究了土工织物减小尾矿坝地震变形的效果。分析结果表明,坝顶加速度峰值相对于输入加速度峰值放大1.4倍,地震变形主要集中于下游坡。坝体中超孔隙水压力开始时段迅速增大,随后趋向平稳。从坝坡表面往下,超孔隙水压力比逐渐减小,且上游坡的超孔隙水压力比大于下游坡的。下游坡子坝区铺设土工织物有效地减小了坝体地震变形。最后提出了一种尾矿坝综合抗震措施,即在子坝区铺设土工织物,初期坝外坡施加反压体,初期坝坝基易液化土层被夯实,计算结果说明综合抗震措施起到了较好的抗震效果,可为尾矿坝抗震设计提供参考。
Earthquake response of tailings dam,development of excess pore water pressure and deformation features were analyzed by using dynamic nonlinear finite element method,the effect of geotextile to reduce the deformation of dam due to earthquake was studied.Result shows that seismic deformation mostly focused on downstream slope as the acceleration peak value at the crest of dam is magnified 1.4 times of that at the toe of dam.Excess pore water pressure in the dam body increased quickly at the beginning and then tended to be stable.From the slope down to depth,excess pore water pressure ratio gradually reduced,and the excess pore water pressure ratio at the upstream slope is bigger than that at the downstream slope.Paving geotextile in downstream slope of subdam effectively mitigated the seismic deformation.Finally,a synthetical antiseismic measure is proposed for tailings dam,with subdam being reinforced with geotextile and outer slop of initial dam being exerted pressure and the liquefied soil layer of initial dam being compacted.It is found that the synthetically antiseismic measure produces better effect,and also can be taken as reference for the seismic design of tailings dam.
Earthquake response of tailings dam,development of excess pore water pressure and deformation features were analyzed by using dynamic nonlinear finite element method,the effect of geotextile to reduce the deformation of dam due to earthquake was studied.Result shows that seismic deformation mostly focused on downstream slope as the acceleration peak value at the crest of dam is magnified 1.4 times of that at the toe of dam.Excess pore water pressure in the dam body increased quickly at the beginning and then tended to be stable.From the slope down to depth,excess pore water pressure ratio gradually reduced,and the excess pore water pressure ratio at the upstream slope is bigger than that at the downstream slope.Paving geotextile in downstream slope of subdam effectively mitigated the seismic deformation.Finally,a synthetical antiseismic measure is proposed for tailings dam,with subdam being reinforced with geotextile and outer slop of initial dam being exerted pressure and the liquefied soil layer of initial dam being compacted.It is found that the synthetically antiseismic measure produces better effect,and also can be taken as reference for the seismic design of tailings dam.
引文
[1]潘建平.尾矿坝抗震设计方法及抗震措施研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2007.
[2]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料动力变形特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(4):24-29.
[3]曾向农,程运材,杨海洋.尾矿坝稳定分析中天然地震影响系数的确定及其应用研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(1):26-28.
[4]辛鸿博,王余庆,高艳平.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(15)———1976年大石河尾矿坝二维地震反应分析[J].工业建筑,1995(8):43-46.
[5]张超.尾矿动力特性及坝体稳定性分析[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2005.
[6]Pastor M,Zienkiewicz O C,Chan A HC.Generalized plasticity andthe modelling of soil behavior[J].International Journal for Numericaland Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1990,14:151-190.
[7]Zienkiewicz O C,Chan A HC,Pastor M,et al.Computational geo-mechanics with special reference to earthquake engineering[M].Lon-don:Wiley,1999.
[8]Chan A H C.User manual for DIANA-SWANDYNEⅡ[M].UK:Department of Civil Engineering,University of Glasgow,1993.
[9]Ghosh B,Madabhushi S P G.Anumerical investigation into effects ofsingle and multiple frequency earthquake motions[J].Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake engineering,2003,23:691-704.
[10]Aydingun O,Adalier K.Numerical analysis of seismically inducedliquefaction in earth embankment foundations PartⅠ:Benchmarkmodel[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2003,40(4):753-765.
[11]刘华北,宋二祥.截断墙法降低地下结构地震液化上浮[J].岩土力学,2006,27(7):1049-1055.
[12]邹德高,孔宪京.Geotechnical Dynamic Nonlinear Analysis-GEO-DYNA使用说明[R].大连:大连理工大学工程抗震研究所,2004.
[2]阮元成,郭新.饱和尾矿料动力变形特性的试验研究[J].水利学报,2003,34(4):24-29.
[3]曾向农,程运材,杨海洋.尾矿坝稳定分析中天然地震影响系数的确定及其应用研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(1):26-28.
[4]辛鸿博,王余庆,高艳平.中国尾矿坝地震安全度(15)———1976年大石河尾矿坝二维地震反应分析[J].工业建筑,1995(8):43-46.
[5]张超.尾矿动力特性及坝体稳定性分析[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2005.
[6]Pastor M,Zienkiewicz O C,Chan A HC.Generalized plasticity andthe modelling of soil behavior[J].International Journal for Numericaland Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1990,14:151-190.
[7]Zienkiewicz O C,Chan A HC,Pastor M,et al.Computational geo-mechanics with special reference to earthquake engineering[M].Lon-don:Wiley,1999.
[8]Chan A H C.User manual for DIANA-SWANDYNEⅡ[M].UK:Department of Civil Engineering,University of Glasgow,1993.
[9]Ghosh B,Madabhushi S P G.Anumerical investigation into effects ofsingle and multiple frequency earthquake motions[J].Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake engineering,2003,23:691-704.
[10]Aydingun O,Adalier K.Numerical analysis of seismically inducedliquefaction in earth embankment foundations PartⅠ:Benchmarkmodel[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2003,40(4):753-765.
[11]刘华北,宋二祥.截断墙法降低地下结构地震液化上浮[J].岩土力学,2006,27(7):1049-1055.
[12]邹德高,孔宪京.Geotechnical Dynamic Nonlinear Analysis-GEO-DYNA使用说明[R].大连:大连理工大学工程抗震研究所,2004.
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