基于小波包能量谱的建(构)筑物爆破地震安全评估
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摘要
基于现场实测爆破振动数据,采用小波包分析技术对爆破振动信号进行了时频特征分析。根据小波包变换的分层分解关系,推导出爆破振动信号不同频带的小波包频带能量,小波包频带能量能同时反映爆破振动3要素(振动的强度、频率和持续时间)的作用影响。基于小波包能量谱,获得了爆破振动信号不同频带能量的分布特征,根据受控结构体对爆破振动动态响应特性,首次建立了能考虑爆破振动3要素以及受控建(构)筑物本身的动态响应特性(固有频率和阻尼比)等因素综合的安全判据——响应能量判据,并用工程实例验证了该判据的可行性和可靠性。该判据较之现行的速度-频率安全判据来说,能准确地描述爆破振动对受控建(构)筑物的影响程度,更能全面地评估建(构)筑物爆破地震效应。
According to blasting vibration live data that have been collected,the time-frequency characteristics analysis for blasting vibration signals has made by wavelet packet analysis technology.According to the multi-resolution decomposition of wavelet packet transform,the wavelet packet frequency band energy has been deduced on different bands of blasting vibration signals;and it can reflect the total influence of all the three key elements(intensity,frequency and duration of vibration) of blasting vibration.Energy distributions for different frequency bands of blasting vibration signals are obtained based on wavelet packet energy spectra.Based on the characteristics of dynamic response from the controlled structures by blasting vibration,it is firstly established that a multi-factors blasting vibration safety criterion called response energy criterion.The criterion can reflect the total influence of the intensity,frequency and duration of vibration and the characteristics(natural frequency and damping ratio) of dynamic response from the controlled structures themselves;and the feasibility and reliability of the criterion are validated by the instances.Compared with velocity-frequency safety criterion,this criterion can describe accurately the degree of effect on the controlled structures by blasting vibration,and evaluate more comprehensively blasting seismic effect on the structures.
According to blasting vibration live data that have been collected,the time-frequency characteristics analysis for blasting vibration signals has made by wavelet packet analysis technology.According to the multi-resolution decomposition of wavelet packet transform,the wavelet packet frequency band energy has been deduced on different bands of blasting vibration signals;and it can reflect the total influence of all the three key elements(intensity,frequency and duration of vibration) of blasting vibration.Energy distributions for different frequency bands of blasting vibration signals are obtained based on wavelet packet energy spectra.Based on the characteristics of dynamic response from the controlled structures by blasting vibration,it is firstly established that a multi-factors blasting vibration safety criterion called response energy criterion.The criterion can reflect the total influence of the intensity,frequency and duration of vibration and the characteristics(natural frequency and damping ratio) of dynamic response from the controlled structures themselves;and the feasibility and reliability of the criterion are validated by the instances.Compared with velocity-frequency safety criterion,this criterion can describe accurately the degree of effect on the controlled structures by blasting vibration,and evaluate more comprehensively blasting seismic effect on the structures.
引文
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[2]汪旭光,于亚伦.关于爆破震动安全判据的几个问题[J].工程爆破,2001,7(2):88-92.WANG Xu-guang,YU Ya-lun.On several problems of safety criterion for blasting vibration[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(2):88-92.
[3]李仲奎,王爱民,李送成.某地下厂房施工过程中突发性破坏的分析及对策[J].岩土工程学报,1997,19(5):74-79.LI Zhong-kui,WANG Ai-min,LI Song-cheng.Analysis for a triggered collapse in construction of a underground powerhouse[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1997,19(5):74-79.
[4]中国生,徐国元,熊正明.基于小波变换的爆破地震信号能量分析法的应用研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2006,26(3):222-227.ZHONG Guo-sheng,XU Guo-yuan,XIONG Zheng-ming.Application research of the energy analysis method for blasting seismic signals based on wavelet transform[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2006,26(3):222-227.
[5]李宏男,王丙乾,林皋.爆破地震效应若干问题的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,16(1):61-67.LI Hong-nan,WANG Bing-qian,LIN Gao.Studies on some problems on explosion earthquake responses[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1996,16(1):61-67.
[6]陈明,卢文波,易长平,等.大型地下厂房岩锚梁爆破安全控制标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):499-504.CHEN Ming,LU Wen-bo,YI Chang-ping,et al.Research on safety standard for rock anchor beam under blasting vibration in large underground powerhouse[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):499-504.
[7]MALLAT S.A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition:The wavelet represention[J].IEEE Transactions Pattern Anal Machine Intell,1989,11(7):674-693.
[8]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.
[9]邹云屏,李潇.信号变换与处理[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1993.
[10]周德廉,邵国友.现代测试技术与信号分析[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2005.
[11]俞载道.结构动力学基础[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1987.
[12]中国生.基于小波变换爆破振动的应用基础研究[博士学位论文D].长沙:中南大学,2006.
[13]闫鸿浩,李晓杰,曲艳东,等.爆破振动速度测试精细分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10):2091-2094.YAN Hong-hao,LI Xiao-jie,QU Yan-dong,et al.Fine analysis of blasting vibration velocity testing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(10):2091-2094.
[14]国家标准化管理委员会.GB6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
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