图像增强技术在地震资料处理中的应用

英文篇名：THE APPLICATION OF THE IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNOLOGY TO SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING
中文刊名：物探与化探
英文刊名：Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration
作者：钟勇 ; 孙东 ; 陈磊
英文作者：ZHONG Yong1 ; SUN Dong2 ; CHEN Lei3(1.State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation ; Chengdu University of Technology ; Chengdu 610059 ; China ; 2.Institute of Sedimentary Geology ; Chengdu University of Technology ; Chengdu 610059 ; China ; 3.Geolbgical Exploration & Development Research Institute ; Sichuan-Changqing Driling Engineering Company ; Chengdu 610051 ; China)
中文关键词：地震资料 ; 图像增强 ; 边缘定向增强扩散 ; 扩散张量 ; 分辨率
英文关键词：seismic data ; image enhancement ; edge orientated enhancement diffusion ; diffusion tensor ; resolution
出版日期：2010-06-15
机构：成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室;成都理工大学沉积地质研究院;川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探研究院;
年：2010
期：03
出版单位：物探与化探

摘要

同相轴连续和横向分辨率良好的地震数据能够提高地震解释的精确度。地震资料同相轴在图像中体现为纹理特征,针对图像纹理特征应用边缘定向增强扩散处理,可使地震图像横向分辨率增强,即同相轴更加连续、断点更加清晰。边缘定向增强扩散应用图像增强技术中边缘检测和扩散技术,基于非线性扩散模型,根据图像纹理边缘位置和方向信息选取扩散张量和特征值。在边缘区域,沿边缘方向进行平滑,在光滑区域,沿边缘和垂直边缘方向具有较快扩散速度,由此在保护边缘信息的同时达到降噪的效果。通过理论分析和实例计算表明,边缘定向增强扩散图像增强技术处理后的地震图像有助于提高资料解释的准确性。
With the continuous seismic event and good lateral resolution,the precision of seismic interpretation can be improved.Seismic image shows seismic event with textural features.According to the image textural features,the edge orientated enhancement diffusion is applied to seismic image enhancement and,as a result,the processed image texture(seismic event) has better lateral resolution.The edge orientated enhancement diffusion is based on the nonlinear diffusion,which uses edge detection and diffusion of image enhancement techniques.This method chooses diffusion tensor and eigenvalue according to the information of edge position and direction.Smoothing along the edge is in the edge region,and diffusion along the edge and in the vertical direction of the edge is in the smooth region.Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations show that the edge orientated enhancement diffusion allows noise removal and structure closure at certain scales,with the preservation of both orientation and magnitude of discontinuities.This image enhancement technique is likely to improve the accuracy of seismic interpretation by high event continuity and good lateral resolution of the event.

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