汶川地震灾区堰塞湖溃决洪水淹没过程三维可视化
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摘要
本文基于VC++和三维视景软件包OpenGVS开发了汶川地震灾区堰塞湖溃决洪水淹没过程三维可视化系统。探讨了事件动态对象的建模方法和河道边界的搜索算法,并设计了可视化仿真平台与水动力学模型交互的数据接口。采用三维地形生成软件Terra Vista和Multigen Creator,集成DEM、遥感影像、矢量数据生成了灾区大范围三维场景,对重点水利工程和堰塞湖区域进行了精细建模。系统集成二维溃坝水流模型和在线监测数据,实现了实时遥感影像的三维可视化和堰塞湖的空间分布显示、唐家山堰塞湖的蓄水过程的模拟及溃决洪水演进过程的可视化动态仿真。结论表明,该系统形象直观地展现了堰塞湖的蓄水过程和洪水演进的三维效果,而且对流场进行了虚拟表达,为检验水流模型的准确性提供了参考和依据,也为下游城市进行科学的防洪决策提供了崭新思路和可靠的技术支持。
A three-dimensional(3-D) visual simulation system of outburst flood propagation is developed for the Tangjiashan barrier lake in the Wenchuan earthquake stricken areas based on VC + + and OpenGVS.Several key techniques,including methods of dynamic modeling,algorithm for searching river borders,and designation of data interactive interface between the hydrodynamic model and visual simulation platform,are used in the system.This system generates a virtual environment for the earthquake areas by using software Terra Vista and Multigen Creator to integrate the digital elevation model,remote sensing images and vector data,and finely models the key water conservancy projects and the barrier lake regions.By integrating the two-dimensional shallow water model and the on-line monitoring data,it achieves the real-time 3-D visualization of remote sensing images and the spatial distribution of barrier lakes.It presents a visual dynamic simulation of the water impounding and the outburst flood in the Tangjiashan barrier lake.Conclusions show that the system can visually display the details of water impounding and can realize 3-D visual simulation of the outburst flood dynamic behaviors,and that it can also represent the flow field in its virtual environment.Thus it provides a useful tool for accuracy test of hydrodynamic model,and also a new approach or reliable technical support to flood control and warning for the downstream cities.
A three-dimensional(3-D) visual simulation system of outburst flood propagation is developed for the Tangjiashan barrier lake in the Wenchuan earthquake stricken areas based on VC + + and OpenGVS.Several key techniques,including methods of dynamic modeling,algorithm for searching river borders,and designation of data interactive interface between the hydrodynamic model and visual simulation platform,are used in the system.This system generates a virtual environment for the earthquake areas by using software Terra Vista and Multigen Creator to integrate the digital elevation model,remote sensing images and vector data,and finely models the key water conservancy projects and the barrier lake regions.By integrating the two-dimensional shallow water model and the on-line monitoring data,it achieves the real-time 3-D visualization of remote sensing images and the spatial distribution of barrier lakes.It presents a visual dynamic simulation of the water impounding and the outburst flood in the Tangjiashan barrier lake.Conclusions show that the system can visually display the details of water impounding and can realize 3-D visual simulation of the outburst flood dynamic behaviors,and that it can also represent the flow field in its virtual environment.Thus it provides a useful tool for accuracy test of hydrodynamic model,and also a new approach or reliable technical support to flood control and warning for the downstream cities.
引文
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[4]唐泽圣.三维数据场可视化[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999:153～176.TANG Zesheng.3-D data field visualization[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1999:153～176.(in Chinese)
[5]龚建华,林珲,张健挺.面向地学过程的计算可视化研究-以洪水演进为例[J].地理学报,2002,57(增刊):37～43.GONG Jianhua,LIN Hui,ZHANG Jianting.Research on geo-process based computation visualization:a case study of flood simulation[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2002,57(z1):37～43.(in Chinese)
[6]张大伟.堤坝溃决水流数学模型研究及应用[D].北京:清华大学,2008:113～124.ZHANG Dawei.Research on numerical model of levee breach and dam break water flow and its application[D].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity,2008:113～124.(in Chinese)
[7]周振红,杨国录,周洞汝.基于组件的水力数值模拟可视化系统[J].水科学进展,2002,13(1):9～13.ZHOU Zhenhong,YANG Guolu,ZHOU Dongru.Numerical hydraulic modeling visualization system based on software component[J].Advances in Water Science,2002,13(1):9～13.(in Chinese)
[8]胡昌伟.东苕溪防洪决策支持系统研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学院,2003:63～72.HU Changwei.Research on decision support system for flood control in Dongtiaoxi[D].Beijing:China Institute of Water Resourcesand Hydropower Research,2003:63～71.(in Chinese)
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