高层隔震结构非平稳随机地震响应与动力可靠度分析
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摘要
考虑地震动的非平稳特性,运用虚拟激励法对高层隔震结构在非平稳激励下的随机地震响应进行研究。采用Bouc-Wen模型与刚度退化的Bouc-Wen模型分别模拟隔震层与上部楼层的滞变特性,建立高层隔震结构的非线性化运动方程。运用精细积分法对每一时刻的响应进行求解,得到高层隔震结构在非平稳地震激励下各楼层响应的时变方差。基于首次穿越准则,研究非平稳随机地震激励下各楼层与结构整体的可靠度。运用上述理论,分析某高层基础隔震结构在8度与9度罕遇地震作用下的随机地震响应,隔震后上部结构各楼层层间位移方差较非隔震结构大幅减小。研究表明:结构的位移响应呈现强烈的非平稳性,且具有明显的时滞现象;高层隔震结构在强震作用下各楼层可靠度较非隔震结构有很大的提高,说明高层隔震结构具有足够的安全性。运用可靠度理论进行分析亦能发现结构的薄弱部位,该方法对结构的性能设计与性态控制具有指导意义。
Considering the non-stationary characteristics of the earthquake ground motion,the random seismic response of high-rise seismic isolated building is investigated using pseudo excitation method.The Bouc-Wen model and the stiffness degradation of Bouc-Wen model are used to simulate the hysteresis of the isolation layer and the upper structure,respectively.The nonlinear motion equation of the high-rise seismic isolation structure is established.And the system response for each moment is solved by precise integration method.The time-history response of each floor under non-stationary earthquake excitation is got.Based on the first passage criterion,the reliability index of each floor and the whole structure are calculated.Those theories are used to analyze random earthquake response of a high-rise base isolated structure under 8 and 9 degree rare earthquakes.The time-history variance of story displacements of the seismic isolated system substantially reduced,which is compared with the non-isolation system.The structural displacement responses have a strong non-stationarity and a significant time lag phenomenon.It is also found that the reliability index of each floor and the whole structure are significantly larger compared with that of traditional aseismic structures under rare earthquakes.It is proved that the high-rise seismic isolated structure has adequate security.The weak floor of the structure can be found by using the reliability theory.This method is instructive for structural performance design and state control.
Considering the non-stationary characteristics of the earthquake ground motion,the random seismic response of high-rise seismic isolated building is investigated using pseudo excitation method.The Bouc-Wen model and the stiffness degradation of Bouc-Wen model are used to simulate the hysteresis of the isolation layer and the upper structure,respectively.The nonlinear motion equation of the high-rise seismic isolation structure is established.And the system response for each moment is solved by precise integration method.The time-history response of each floor under non-stationary earthquake excitation is got.Based on the first passage criterion,the reliability index of each floor and the whole structure are calculated.Those theories are used to analyze random earthquake response of a high-rise base isolated structure under 8 and 9 degree rare earthquakes.The time-history variance of story displacements of the seismic isolated system substantially reduced,which is compared with the non-isolation system.The structural displacement responses have a strong non-stationarity and a significant time lag phenomenon.It is also found that the reliability index of each floor and the whole structure are significantly larger compared with that of traditional aseismic structures under rare earthquakes.It is proved that the high-rise seismic isolated structure has adequate security.The weak floor of the structure can be found by using the reliability theory.This method is instructive for structural performance design and state control.
引文
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[12]欧进萍,牛荻涛,杜修力.设计用随机地震动的模型及其参数确定[J].地震工程与工程振动,1991,11(3):45-54.(OU Jinping,NIU Ditao,DU Xiuli.Random earthquake ground motion model and itsparameter determination used in aseismic design[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1991,11(3):45-54.(in Chinese))
[13]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[2]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:60-124.(LIN Jiaohao,ZHANG Yahui.Random vibration of pseudo excitationmethod[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:60-124.(in Chinese))
[3]杜永峰,张恩海,李慧,等.隔震结构“小震不坏”的动力可靠度分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,24(5):84-89.(DU Yongfeng,ZHANG Enhai,LI Hui,et al.Dynamic reliability of isolated structurefor‘undamaged under minor earthquake’[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,24(5):84-89.(in Chinese))
[4]李杰,陈建兵.随机振动理论与应用新进展[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2009:60-94.(LI Jie,CHEN Jianbing.Advances in theory and applications ofrandom vibration[M].Shanghai:Tongji UniversityPress,2009:60-94.(in Chinese))
[5]彭勇波,陈建兵,刘伟庆,等.隔震结构的随机地震反应与抗震可靠度评价[J].同济大学学报,2008,36(11):1457-1461.(PENG Yongbo,CHENJianbing,LIU Weiqing,et al.Stochastic seismicresponse and aseismic reliability assessment of base-isolated structures[J].Journal of Tongji University,2008,36(11):1457-1461.(in Chinese))
[6]樊剑,唐家祥.基于离散小波变换的滑移隔震结构非平稳随机响应计算[J].工程力学,2002,19(2):73-77.(FAN Jian,TANG Jiaxiang.Non-stationaryearthquake response analysis of sliding structures bydiscrete wavelet transforms[J].EngineeringMechanics,2002,19(2):73-77.(in Chinese))
[7]姜袁,杨其兰,苑宝军.滑移隔震结构非平稳随机响应的动力特性分析[J].三峡大学学报,2005,27(4):321-325.(JIANG Yuan,YANG Qilan,YUANBaojun.Study on non-stationary seismic responsecharacteristics of sliding structures[J].Journal ofChina Three Gorges University,2005,27(4):321-325.(in Chinese))
[8]欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998:295-312.(OU Jinping,WANGGuangyuan.Random vibration of structures[M].Beijing:High Education Press,1998:295-312.(inChinese))
[9]Baber T T,Wen Y K.Random vibration hysteretic,degrading systems[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics,ASCE,1981,107(6):1069-1087.
[10]钟万勰.结构动力方程的精细时程积分法[J].大连理工大学学报,1994,34(2):131-136.(ZHONGWanxie.On precise time-integration method forstructural dynamics[J].Journal of Dalian University ofTechnology,1994,34(2):131-136.(in Chinese))
[11]杜修力.水工建筑物抗震可靠度设计和分析用的随机地震输入模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1998,18(4):76-81.(DU Xiuli.A random seismic inputmodel used in seismic reliability design and analysis ofhydraulic buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,1998,18(4):76-81.(inChinese))
[12]欧进萍,牛荻涛,杜修力.设计用随机地震动的模型及其参数确定[J].地震工程与工程振动,1991,11(3):45-54.(OU Jinping,NIU Ditao,DU Xiuli.Random earthquake ground motion model and itsparameter determination used in aseismic design[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1991,11(3):45-54.(in Chinese))
[13]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
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