地下爆炸地震效应的评价标准探讨
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摘要
在对地下爆炸地表震动特性进行分析的基础上,对地下爆炸地震效应的评价标准进行了分析与探讨,通过解析的方法,建立了地下爆炸地表运动计算模型和震动反应谱。计算结果表明:地下爆炸地表运动存在两组波群,在评价波对于建筑物的作用时应当考虑到第2波群中粒子运动的周期比第1波群的粒子运动周期长1.5～2.0倍;地面建筑物的响应取决于建筑物的固有频率、阻尼和地震的频率、振幅;对于小当量一次性爆破,震动频率高而震动时间短,可以忽略地表震动频率对结构的影响;但是对于大当量爆炸地震安全问题,不应当忽略频率的影响;对于双层建筑物,第2层结构的不稳定运动有大振幅的特点。
Based on the analysis of the characteristics of underground blast induced surface ground motion,the evaluation standard of the effect is discussed. By analytical method,the computational model of surface ground motion and the response spectrum are established. The calculation shows that:There are two wave groups in the surface ground motion,when estimate their effect on above-ground structures,that the periods of the second wave group is 1.5-2.0 times longer must be considered. The response of the above-ground structures are determined by the natural frequency and damping,the frequency and amplitude of the seism. For miniature blast equivalent,the effect of frequency of the surface ground motion could be ignored; but for great blast equivalent,the effect of the frequency could not be ignored. For double layer buildings,the motion of the second layer has the characteristic of big amplitude.
Based on the analysis of the characteristics of underground blast induced surface ground motion,the evaluation standard of the effect is discussed. By analytical method,the computational model of surface ground motion and the response spectrum are established. The calculation shows that:There are two wave groups in the surface ground motion,when estimate their effect on above-ground structures,that the periods of the second wave group is 1.5-2.0 times longer must be considered. The response of the above-ground structures are determined by the natural frequency and damping,the frequency and amplitude of the seism. For miniature blast equivalent,the effect of frequency of the surface ground motion could be ignored; but for great blast equivalent,the effect of the frequency could not be ignored. For double layer buildings,the motion of the second layer has the characteristic of big amplitude.
引文
[1]冶金部安全技术研究所.GB6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
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[4]阳生权,廖先葵,刘宝琛.爆破地震安全判据的缺陷与改进[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(3):223-228.YANG Sheng-quan,LIAO Xian-kui,LIU Bao-chen.Default of the judging standard of blasting vibration safety abstract[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(3):223-228.
[5]叶海旺,房泽法,彭志刚.爆破地震对结构的影响[J].爆破,2000,17(1):86-91.YE Hai-wang,FANG Ze-fa,PENG Zhi-gang.Effects of blasting vibration on structures[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):86-91.
[6]DAI Kao-shan,CHEN Shen-en.Strong ground movement induced by mining activities and its effect on power transmission structures[J].Mining Science and Technology,2009,19(5):563-568.
[7]唐廷,王明洋,葛涛.地下爆炸的地表运动研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):3528-3532.TANG Ting,WANG Ming-yang,GE Tao.Study on ground movement of undergroung explosions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):3528-3532.
[8]CLOUGH R W,PENZIEN J.结构动力学[M].王光远译.北京:科学出版社,1983.
[9]林大超,白春华.爆炸地震效应[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[10]钱胜国.爆破地震工程结构动力分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[11]DHAKAL R P,PAN J C.Response characteristics of structures subjected to blasting induced surface ground motion[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2005,25(1):39-53.
[12]曹孝君,张继春,吕和林.频率对爆破地震作用下结构的动力响应的影响研究[J].爆破,2006,23(2):14-19.CAO Xiao-jun,ZHANG Ji-chun,LüHe-lin.Effect of frequency on the dynamic response of structure resulting from blasting seism[J].Blasting,2006,23(2):14-19.
[2]言志信,王永和,江平.爆破地震测试及建筑结构安全标准研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1907-1911.YAN Zhi-xin,WANG Yong-he,JIANG Ping.Study on measurement of blast-induced seism and building safety criteria[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1907-1911.
[3]WU Cheng-qing,HONG Hao.Numericcal study of characteristics of underground blast induced surface ground motion and their effect on above-ground structures.Part I.Ground motion characteristics[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2005,25(1):27-38.
[4]阳生权,廖先葵,刘宝琛.爆破地震安全判据的缺陷与改进[J].爆炸与冲击,2001,21(3):223-228.YANG Sheng-quan,LIAO Xian-kui,LIU Bao-chen.Default of the judging standard of blasting vibration safety abstract[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2001,21(3):223-228.
[5]叶海旺,房泽法,彭志刚.爆破地震对结构的影响[J].爆破,2000,17(1):86-91.YE Hai-wang,FANG Ze-fa,PENG Zhi-gang.Effects of blasting vibration on structures[J].Blasting,2000,17(1):86-91.
[6]DAI Kao-shan,CHEN Shen-en.Strong ground movement induced by mining activities and its effect on power transmission structures[J].Mining Science and Technology,2009,19(5):563-568.
[7]唐廷,王明洋,葛涛.地下爆炸的地表运动研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):3528-3532.TANG Ting,WANG Ming-yang,GE Tao.Study on ground movement of undergroung explosions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):3528-3532.
[8]CLOUGH R W,PENZIEN J.结构动力学[M].王光远译.北京:科学出版社,1983.
[9]林大超,白春华.爆炸地震效应[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[10]钱胜国.爆破地震工程结构动力分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[11]DHAKAL R P,PAN J C.Response characteristics of structures subjected to blasting induced surface ground motion[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2005,25(1):39-53.
[12]曹孝君,张继春,吕和林.频率对爆破地震作用下结构的动力响应的影响研究[J].爆破,2006,23(2):14-19.CAO Xiao-jun,ZHANG Ji-chun,LüHe-lin.Effect of frequency on the dynamic response of structure resulting from blasting seism[J].Blasting,2006,23(2):14-19.
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