陆相薄互层稠油油藏热采时移地震监测研究
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摘要
目前,针对陆相薄互层油藏实施时移地震监测尚没有明显的突破,加强时移地震方法、理论的研究和应用,对于我国时移地震监测技术的发展和应用具有积极的意义.根据油藏工程理论,在详细分析火烧油层对储层物性影响的基础上,结合已有的实验室岩石物理测量结果,重点就稠油热采过程中温度的剧烈变化对储层岩石和孔隙流体弹性特性的影响进行了较为详细的分析.并开展了薄互层油藏火烧油层地震正演模拟研究.结果表明,在稠油热采过程中,高温高压不仅会使得孔隙流体特性发生显著的改变,而且储层岩石本身弹性特性的变化也非常明显.即使是对于薄层或薄互层,两方面共同的变化将使得稠油热采前后储层弹性特性产生巨大的差异,进而引起显著的地震异常.因此,开展陆相薄互层稠油热采时移地震监测,不仅具有坚实的岩石物理基础,而且具有切实的可行性.
Till now,time-lapse seismic monitoring of land thin-interbedding reservoirs has not made a clear breakthrough.It has active significance to strengthen studies and application of the time-lapse seismic method and theory for development and application of this technique in our country.At First,according to reservoir engineering theory,the influence of fire flooding on reservoir property is analyzed in detail.Then we emphatically study for the variation of elastic property of reservoir rock and pore fluid in the thermal recovery of heavy oil reservoirs by the use of the previous petrophysical data from lab core test.Further,we make the seismic forward modeling of fire flooding in land thin-interbedding reservoirs.Results show that thermal recovery can obviously change the elastic property of pore fluid and rock at high temperature and pressure.Even for a thin reservoir or a thin interbed reservoir,the common variation both pore fluid and rock will produce a huge elastic property difference between pre- or post-thermal recovery and cause obvious seismic anomalies.Therefore it is feasible for us to apply the time-lapse seismic method to the monitoring of the thermal recovery of thin interbed heavy oil reservoirs,which has the solid petrophysical foundation.
Till now,time-lapse seismic monitoring of land thin-interbedding reservoirs has not made a clear breakthrough.It has active significance to strengthen studies and application of the time-lapse seismic method and theory for development and application of this technique in our country.At First,according to reservoir engineering theory,the influence of fire flooding on reservoir property is analyzed in detail.Then we emphatically study for the variation of elastic property of reservoir rock and pore fluid in the thermal recovery of heavy oil reservoirs by the use of the previous petrophysical data from lab core test.Further,we make the seismic forward modeling of fire flooding in land thin-interbedding reservoirs.Results show that thermal recovery can obviously change the elastic property of pore fluid and rock at high temperature and pressure.Even for a thin reservoir or a thin interbed reservoir,the common variation both pore fluid and rock will produce a huge elastic property difference between pre- or post-thermal recovery and cause obvious seismic anomalies.Therefore it is feasible for us to apply the time-lapse seismic method to the monitoring of the thermal recovery of thin interbed heavy oil reservoirs,which has the solid petrophysical foundation.
引文
[1] http://www.chb2b.com/price/web/pro_new.aspx? newsId =2401．
[2] 云美厚.油藏注水强化开采地震监测技术的研究与应用[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2001． Yun Meihou.A Study and Application of Seismic Monitoring for Reservoir Waterflood Enhanced Recovery.[Ph D],China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2001．
[3] Wang Z,Nur A.Velocities in hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-saturated rocks and sands[J].Expanded Abstracts of 57th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1987,374～379．
[4] Wang Z,Nur A,Batzle M.Effect of different pore fluids on velocities in rocks[J].Expanded Abstracts of 58th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1988,868～871．
[5] Wang Z,Amos Nur.用地震方法监测热采油过程[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2) :144～154． Wang Z,Amos Nur.Manitoring the thermil recovery with the use of seismic method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting[J],1989,24(2) : 144～154．
[6] 王新红,李梦庚,李增印等.稠油岩心纵波速度变化规律的实验[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(5) :642～649． Wang X H,Li M G Li Z Y,et al.Research on P-wave velocity regularity in heavy oil core [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,29(5) : 642～649．
[7] 王丹,丁言庆,刘波等.稠油热采地震监测几点认识.CPS/SEG/EAGE北京’98国际地球物理研讨会论文摘要,1998,87～89． Wang D,Ding J Q Liu Bet al.Some opinions about seismic monitoring for thermal recovery in heavy oil reservoirs.CPS/ SEG/EAGE(in Chinese),Beijing,China,1998,87～89．
[8] Wang Z.Fundamentals of seismic rock physics[J].Geophysics,2001,66(2) :398～412．
[9] 云美厚,丁伟,王新红.陆相薄互层油藏4D地震监测存在的问 题与建议[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4) :444～450． YunM H,Ding W Wang X H.Problems existed in 4-D seismic monitoring of continental thin and interbedded reservoir and suggestions [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(4) :444～450．
[10] 王开燕,云美厚,张晓梅.稠油热采时移地震监测研究与应用 [J].地球物理学进展.2008,23(1) :157～161． Wang K Y,Yun M H,Zhang X M.Study on Time-lapse seismic monitoring for the thermal recovery of heavy oil in land thin-interbedding reservoirs [J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1) :157～161．
[11] 王开燕,张晓梅,云美厚等..稠油热采时移地震监测正演模拟分析[J].石油物探.2008,47(1) :40～44． Wang K Y,Zhang X M,Yun M H,et al.Forward modeling of time-lapse seismic monitoring for thermal recov-ery in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(1) :40～44．
[12] 姜继水,宋吉水.提高石油采收率技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,66～80。Jiang J S,Song J S.Enhancing Oil Recovery[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1999,66～80．
[13] 张敬华,杨双虎,王庆林.火烧油层采油[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,11～24． ZhangJ H,Yang S H,Wang Q L.In-situ combustion oil recovery[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2000,11～24．
[14] 赵宝中,裴江云,徐果明.储层条件下油储岩石物性的测量和规律.国家自然基金“八五”重大项目二级课题报告,1996． Zhao B Z,Pei J Y,Xu G M.Oil reservoir petrophysical measurements and laws of Reservoir conditions.Report of two issues of major projects of National Natural Science Foundation “85”,1966．
[15] [美]C.E.佩顿编,牛毓荃等译.地震地层学在油气勘探中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1980,14～44． C.E.Payton ed.,Seismic stratiraphy application to hydrocarbon explo-ration,american assoiation of petroleum geolo-gists[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1980,14～44．
[16] Gregory A R.Fluid saturation effects on dynamic elastic properties of sedimentary rock [J].Geophysics,1976,41(5) : 895～921．
[2] 云美厚.油藏注水强化开采地震监测技术的研究与应用[博士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2001． Yun Meihou.A Study and Application of Seismic Monitoring for Reservoir Waterflood Enhanced Recovery.[Ph D],China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2001．
[3] Wang Z,Nur A.Velocities in hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-saturated rocks and sands[J].Expanded Abstracts of 57th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1987,374～379．
[4] Wang Z,Nur A,Batzle M.Effect of different pore fluids on velocities in rocks[J].Expanded Abstracts of 58th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1988,868～871．
[5] Wang Z,Amos Nur.用地震方法监测热采油过程[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2) :144～154． Wang Z,Amos Nur.Manitoring the thermil recovery with the use of seismic method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting[J],1989,24(2) : 144～154．
[6] 王新红,李梦庚,李增印等.稠油岩心纵波速度变化规律的实验[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(5) :642～649． Wang X H,Li M G Li Z Y,et al.Research on P-wave velocity regularity in heavy oil core [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,29(5) : 642～649．
[7] 王丹,丁言庆,刘波等.稠油热采地震监测几点认识.CPS/SEG/EAGE北京’98国际地球物理研讨会论文摘要,1998,87～89． Wang D,Ding J Q Liu Bet al.Some opinions about seismic monitoring for thermal recovery in heavy oil reservoirs.CPS/ SEG/EAGE(in Chinese),Beijing,China,1998,87～89．
[8] Wang Z.Fundamentals of seismic rock physics[J].Geophysics,2001,66(2) :398～412．
[9] 云美厚,丁伟,王新红.陆相薄互层油藏4D地震监测存在的问 题与建议[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(4) :444～450． YunM H,Ding W Wang X H.Problems existed in 4-D seismic monitoring of continental thin and interbedded reservoir and suggestions [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(4) :444～450．
[10] 王开燕,云美厚,张晓梅.稠油热采时移地震监测研究与应用 [J].地球物理学进展.2008,23(1) :157～161． Wang K Y,Yun M H,Zhang X M.Study on Time-lapse seismic monitoring for the thermal recovery of heavy oil in land thin-interbedding reservoirs [J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(1) :157～161．
[11] 王开燕,张晓梅,云美厚等..稠油热采时移地震监测正演模拟分析[J].石油物探.2008,47(1) :40～44． Wang K Y,Zhang X M,Yun M H,et al.Forward modeling of time-lapse seismic monitoring for thermal recov-ery in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(1) :40～44．
[12] 姜继水,宋吉水.提高石油采收率技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999,66～80。Jiang J S,Song J S.Enhancing Oil Recovery[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1999,66～80．
[13] 张敬华,杨双虎,王庆林.火烧油层采油[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000,11～24． ZhangJ H,Yang S H,Wang Q L.In-situ combustion oil recovery[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2000,11～24．
[14] 赵宝中,裴江云,徐果明.储层条件下油储岩石物性的测量和规律.国家自然基金“八五”重大项目二级课题报告,1996． Zhao B Z,Pei J Y,Xu G M.Oil reservoir petrophysical measurements and laws of Reservoir conditions.Report of two issues of major projects of National Natural Science Foundation “85”,1966．
[15] [美]C.E.佩顿编,牛毓荃等译.地震地层学在油气勘探中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1980,14～44． C.E.Payton ed.,Seismic stratiraphy application to hydrocarbon explo-ration,american assoiation of petroleum geolo-gists[M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1980,14～44．
[16] Gregory A R.Fluid saturation effects on dynamic elastic properties of sedimentary rock [J].Geophysics,1976,41(5) : 895～921．
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