地铁车站结构近远场地震反应特性振动台试验
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摘要
以南京某地铁车站为研究背景,考虑近、远场地震动作用,研究可液化场地上三跨三层地铁车站结构大型振动台模型试验中存在的问题和解决方法,包括柔性模型箱、动态数据采集系统的研制和结构模型、地基土相似准则的确定.测试地铁车站结构的加速度、水平位移、应变反应和地基土孔隙水压力、加速度、震陷及作用于侧墙的动土压力反应.结果表明:在近、远场地震动作用下地基土呈现低频放大现象,由于近、远场地震动的频谱特性不同,放大效应的程度和频率范围差异较大;在远场强地震动作用下地表浅层土的基频与远场地震动的主频接近,地表浅层土的地震动放大效应显著;地下结构的存在显著影响周边土体的地震动特性.
A model structure of three-story and three-span subway station at liquefiable ground was analyzed considering the far field and the near field ground motion based on a metro station in Nanjing.Problems existed in the large-scale shaking table model test were discussed and the relevant solutions were proposed,which included the development of flexible box and dynamic data acquisition system,as well as the determination of structure and soil's similarity criterion.Parameters such as acceleration,horizontal displacement,strain response of the station,and the pore water pressure,acceleration,seismic subsidence of soil and dynamic soil pressure on the sidewall were measured.Results show that the soil under near field and far field ground motion presents an amplification phenomenon with low frequency.However,the degree of amplification effect and the frequency range appear to be a great difference for the distinction of spectrum characteristics between near field and far field.The fundamental frequency of shallow soil is close to the dominant frequency of the motion when it comes to the far field motion;the soil's amplification effect seems to be significant.The existence of the underground structure has remarkable influence on the seismic dynamic characteristics of adjacent soil.
A model structure of three-story and three-span subway station at liquefiable ground was analyzed considering the far field and the near field ground motion based on a metro station in Nanjing.Problems existed in the large-scale shaking table model test were discussed and the relevant solutions were proposed,which included the development of flexible box and dynamic data acquisition system,as well as the determination of structure and soil's similarity criterion.Parameters such as acceleration,horizontal displacement,strain response of the station,and the pore water pressure,acceleration,seismic subsidence of soil and dynamic soil pressure on the sidewall were measured.Results show that the soil under near field and far field ground motion presents an amplification phenomenon with low frequency.However,the degree of amplification effect and the frequency range appear to be a great difference for the distinction of spectrum characteristics between near field and far field.The fundamental frequency of shallow soil is close to the dominant frequency of the motion when it comes to the far field motion;the soil's amplification effect seems to be significant.The existence of the underground structure has remarkable influence on the seismic dynamic characteristics of adjacent soil.
引文
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[2]I WATATE T,KOBAYASHI Y,KUSU H,et al.Investigation and shaking table tests of subway struc-tures of the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[C]∥Pro-ceedings of the12th World Conference on Earthquake En-gineering,New Zealand:New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering,2000:1129-1135.
[3]TAMARI Y,TOWHATA I.Seismic soil-structure interaction of cross sections of flexible underground structures subjected to soil liquefaction[J].Soil and Foundation,2003,43(2):69-87.
[4]杨林德,季倩倩,郑永来,等.软土地铁车站结构的振动台试验[J].现代隧道技术,2003,40(1):7-11.YANG Lin-de,JI Qian-qian,ZHENG Yong-lai,et al.Shaking table test on metro station structures in soft soil[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2003,40(1):7-11.
[5]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁车站动力相互作用的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):171-176.CHEN Guo-xing,ZHUANG Hai-yang,DU Xiu-li,et al.Analysis of large-scale shaking table test of dynamic soil-subway stationinteraction[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(2):171-176.
[6]陈国兴,庄海洋,程绍革,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):178-183.CHEN Guo-xing,ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHENG Shao-ge,et al.Alarge-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:designs of test[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(6):178-183.
[7]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验结果分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(1):164-170.CHEN Guo-xing,ZHUANG Hai-yang,DU Xiu-li,et al.Alarge-size shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:analysis on the test results[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(1):164-170.
[8]陈国兴,王志华,左熹,等.振动台试验叠层剪切型土箱的研制[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(1):89-97.CHEN Guo-xing,WANG Zhi-hua,ZUO Xi,et al.Development of laminar shear soil container for shaking table tests[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2010,32(1):89-97.
[9]韩晓健,左熹,陈国兴.基于虚拟仪器技术的振动台模型试验98通道动态信号采集系统研制[J].防灾减灾工程学报,已录用.HAN Xiao-jian,ZUO Xi,CHEN Guo-xing.98chan-nels’dynamic signal acquisition system development for shaking table test based on virtual instrument technology[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engi-neering,in press.
[10]PHILIPJ M.Shaking table scale model tests of nonlin-ear soil-pile-superstructure interactionin soft clay[D].Berkeley:University of California,1998.
[11]左熹,杨树才,陈国兴.地铁车站结构非线性地震损伤演化规律分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(1):110-116.ZUO Xi,YANG Shu-cai,CHEN Guo-xing.Analysis on evolution of nonlinear seismic damage of subway station structure[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2010,32(1):110-116.
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