地震波传播速度原位试验及计算
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摘要
采用本质安全型微震监测系统,在煤矿深部采场的顶底板中布设微震监测台网,对测区内的校验炮微震信号进行了原位采集实验。分别采用组合法、走时残差优化法、定位误差优化法、定位残差优化法和联合反演法进行了地震波速度的优化计算。通过计算结果的对比分析,认为定位误差优化法计算结果最可靠,定位残差优化法计算结果是不可靠的;这一结论对于缺少校验数据情况下的速度选取具有重要意义,也证明了在存在速度误差的情况下,走时残差最小并不能保证可靠的定位精度;在缺少原位试验数据情况下,速度和震源参数的联合反演结果,对速度参数的选取具有重要意义。通过对顶、底板地震波传播速度分析计算,认为煤层和巷道是造成底板地震波平均速度较低的原因。
With intrinsically safe microseismic monitoring system and geophones array in the roof and floor of deep coal mine,and based on calibration blast,a microseismic signal in-situ collecting experiment was performed.Several calculation methods such as:combination method,travel-time residuals optimization method,location error optimization method,location residual optimization method and the joint inversion method were applied on the optimization of seismic wave velocity calculation.Comparisons of the results show that the optimal location error result is the most reliable method,while the location residual optimization method is not reliable.This conclusion has great significance for the velocity selection on the conditions of lack of calibration data,and it also proves that it does not guarantee a reliable accuracy based on minimum travel-time residuals when velocity error exists.The joint inversion parameters of the velocity and source parameters will be suitable for velocity parameters determination when in-situ test data absence.Propagation velocity of the roof and floor were analyzed and calculated,it shows that coal layer and tunnels are the main factors cause the lower average seismic velocity of the floor.
With intrinsically safe microseismic monitoring system and geophones array in the roof and floor of deep coal mine,and based on calibration blast,a microseismic signal in-situ collecting experiment was performed.Several calculation methods such as:combination method,travel-time residuals optimization method,location error optimization method,location residual optimization method and the joint inversion method were applied on the optimization of seismic wave velocity calculation.Comparisons of the results show that the optimal location error result is the most reliable method,while the location residual optimization method is not reliable.This conclusion has great significance for the velocity selection on the conditions of lack of calibration data,and it also proves that it does not guarantee a reliable accuracy based on minimum travel-time residuals when velocity error exists.The joint inversion parameters of the velocity and source parameters will be suitable for velocity parameters determination when in-situ test data absence.Propagation velocity of the roof and floor were analyzed and calculated,it shows that coal layer and tunnels are the main factors cause the lower average seismic velocity of the floor.
引文
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[2]姜福兴,Xun Luo,杨淑华.采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):23-25.Jiang Fuxing,Xun Luo,Yang Shuhua.Study on microseismic monito-ring for spatial structure of overlying strata and mining pressure fieldin longwall face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(1):23-25.
[3]李庶林.试论微震监测技术在地下工程中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(1):122-128.Li Shulin.Discussion on microseismic monitoring technology and itsapplications to underground projects[J].Chinese Journal of Under-ground Space and Engineering,2009,5(1):122-128.
[4]史謌,杨东全.岩石波速和孔隙度、泥质含量之间的关系研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2001,37(3):379-384.Shi Ge,Yang Dongquan.The regression analysis study on velocityand porisity,and clay content of rocks[J].Acta ScientiarumNatural-ium Universitatis Pekinensis(Science and Technology),2001,37(3):379-384.
[5]Swanson P,Estey L,Boler F,et al.Accuracy and precision of micro-seismic event locations in rock burst research studies[M].Washing-ton,DC:US Department of the Interior Bureau of Mines,1992:1-32.
[6]叶根喜,姜福兴,郭延华,等.煤矿深部采场爆破地震波传播规律的微震原位试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):1 053-1 058.Ye Genxi,Jiang Fuxing,Guo Yanhua,et al.Experimental research onseismic wave attenuation by field microseismic monitoring in a deepcoal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):1 053-1 058.
[7]李会义,姜福兴,杨淑华.基于Matlab的岩层微地震破裂定位求解及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(2):154-158.Li Huiyi,Jiang Fuxing,Yang Shuhua.Research and application ofmicroseismic monitoring location of strata fracturing based on Matlab[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(2):154-158.
[8]Lurka A,Swanson P.Improvements in seismic event locations in adeep western U.S.coal mine using tomographic velocity models andan evolutionary search algorithm Adam LURKAa,and Peter SWAN-SONb[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2009,33(8):215-220.
[9]Wang H,Ge M.Acoustic emission/microseismic source locationanalysis for a limestone mine exhibiting high horizontal stresses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sci-ences,2008,45(5):720-728.
[10]Ge M.Efficient mine microseismic monitoring[J].InternationalJournal of Coal Geology,2005,64(1-2):44-56.
[11]王焕义.岩体微震事件的精确定位研究[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):5-8.Wang Huanyi.Study on precise localization of micro-seismic eventsin a rock-mass[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(3):5-8.
[12]陈祥熊.地震精确定位问题(综述)[J].福建地震,2007,23(1-2):82-92.Chen Xiangxiong.Earthquake accurate localization problem(sum-marization)[J].Fujian Seismology,2007,23(1-2):82-92.
[13]田玥,陈晓非.地震定位研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(1):147-155.Tian Yue,Chen Xiaofei.Reviewof seismic location study[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics,2002,17(1):147-155.
[14]Ge M.Comparison of least squares and absolute value methods inAe/MS source location:a case study[J].International Journal ofCoal Geology,1997,34(3-4):91-93.
[15]马宏生,张国民,周龙泉,等.川滇地区中小震重新定位与速度结构的联合反演研究[J].地震,2008,29(2):29-38.Ma Hongsheng,Zhang Guomin,Zhou Longquan,et al.Simultaneousinversion of small earthquake relocation and velocity structure in Si-chuan-Yunnan area[J].Earthquake,2008,29(2):29-38.
[16]刘福田.震源位置和速度结构的联合反演(I)——理论和方法[J].地球物理学报,1984,27(2):167-175.Liu Futian.Simultaneous inversion of earthquake hypocenters andvelocity structure(I):theory and method[J].Chinese Journal ofGeophysics,1984,27(2):167-175.
[17]田玥,陈晓非.利用拟牛顿法和信赖域法联合反演震中分布与一维速度结构[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):845-854.Tian Yue,Chen Xiaofei.Simultaneous inversion of hypocenters andvelocity using the quasi-Newton method and trust region method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(3):845-854.
[18]姜福兴,叶根喜,王存文,等.高精度微震监测技术在煤矿突水监测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1 932-1 938.Jiang Fuxing,Ye Genxi,Wang Cunwen,et al.Application of high-precision microseismic monitoring technique to water inrush monito-ring in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and En-gineering,2008,27(9):1 932-1 938.
[19]吴基文,姜振泉,樊成,等.煤层抗拉强度的波速测定研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):999-1 003.Wu Jiwen,Jiang Zhenquan,Fan Cheng,et al.Study on tensilestrength of coal seam by wave velocity[J].Chinese Jounal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2005,27(9):999-1 003.
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