挡土墙地震被动土压力的拟动力分析
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摘要
对地震土压力的研究是地震区挡土墙安全设计的一项重要课题。地震条件下,目前的研究主要是给出了土压力的近似拟静力解析解。本文采用可考虑动力荷载下的周期和纵波及横波效应的拟动力方法,对挡土墙后的地震被动土压力进行分析。在挡土墙后平面滑裂面假设的基础上,考虑了水平和垂直向地震加速度、纵波速度、横波速度、挡土墙摩擦角、填土内摩擦角、填土坡角对地震被动土压力的影响。与Mononobe-Okabe理论的拟静力法不同的是,用本方法得出了沿墙身地震被动土压力是非线性变化的结果,这更符合地震条件下土压力的变化规律。
Estimation of the seismic earth pressure is an important topic of research for the safe design of retaining wall in the seismic zone.But under seismic condition,the available solution mostly give the pseudo-static analytical value of the earth pressures as an approximate solution to the real dynamic nature of the complex problem.A recently developed pseudo-dynamic method,which incorporates time dependent effect of applied earthquake load and effect of shear and primary waves,is applied to study the seismic passive earth pressure behind a vertical retaining wall.A planar failure surface has been considered behind the retaining wall,the effects of horizontal and vertical earthquake accelerations,shear wave velocity,primary wave velocity,wall friction angle,soil friction angle,the ground slope of backfill on the seismic passive earth pressures has been explored.Unlike the Mononobe-Okabe method,which is pseudo-static analysis,the present analysis predicts a nonlinear variation of passive earth pressure along the wall,which is more realistic under earthquake condition.
Estimation of the seismic earth pressure is an important topic of research for the safe design of retaining wall in the seismic zone.But under seismic condition,the available solution mostly give the pseudo-static analytical value of the earth pressures as an approximate solution to the real dynamic nature of the complex problem.A recently developed pseudo-dynamic method,which incorporates time dependent effect of applied earthquake load and effect of shear and primary waves,is applied to study the seismic passive earth pressure behind a vertical retaining wall.A planar failure surface has been considered behind the retaining wall,the effects of horizontal and vertical earthquake accelerations,shear wave velocity,primary wave velocity,wall friction angle,soil friction angle,the ground slope of backfill on the seismic passive earth pressures has been explored.Unlike the Mononobe-Okabe method,which is pseudo-static analysis,the present analysis predicts a nonlinear variation of passive earth pressure along the wall,which is more realistic under earthquake condition.
引文
[1]Mondnobe N.Considerations into earthquakevibrations and vibration theories[J].Journal of theJapan Society of Civil Engineers,1924,10(5):1063-1094.
[2]Mondnobe N,Matsuo H.On the determination ofearthquake pressure during earthquake[C]∥Proceedings of World Engineering Congress,Tokyo,Japan:[s.n.],1929.177-185.
[3]Okabe S.General theory on earthquake pressure andseismic stability of retaining wall and dam[J].Journalof the Japan Society of Civil Engineers,1924,10(5):1277-1323.
[4]张楚汉.水利水电工程科学前沿[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.Zhang Ch H.Frontier of Science in Hydraulic andHydro-Power Engineering[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity Press,2002.
[5]Soubra A H.Static and seismic passive earth pressurecoefficients on rigid retaining structures[J].CanadianGeotechnical Journal,2000,(37):463-478.
[6]Kumar J.Seismic passive earth pressure coefficientsfor sands[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2001,(38):876-881.
[7]Lancellotta R.Lower-bound approach for seismicpassive earth resistance[J].Geotechnique,2007,57(3):319-321.
[8]王丽艳,刘汉龙.含地下水的回填砂土重力式岸墙地震残余角位移的拟静力计算[J].水利学报,2009,40(5):623-629.Wang L Y,Liu H L.Calculation of seismic angulardisplacement of gravity quay walls with backfill sandand groundwater[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2009,40(5):623-629.
[9]年廷凯,栾茂田,郑德凤,等.抗滑桩锚固深度的极限分析下限方法[J].水利学报,2007,38(6):743-748.Nian T K,Luan M T,Zheng D F,et al.Lower-bound method for limit analysis of anchorage depth ofsliding resistant piles[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2007,38(6):743-748.
[10]王立强,王元战,迟丽华.挡土墙地震土压力及其分布[J].中国港湾建设,2007,151(5):1-5.Wang L Q,Wang Y Zh,Chi L H.Distribution ofseismic soil pressure on a retaining wall[J].ChinaHarbour Engineering,2007,151(5):1-5.
[11]Steedman R S,Zeng X.The influence of phase on thecalculation of pseudo-static earth pressure on aretaining wall[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(1):102-112.
[12]Zeng X,Steedman R S.On the behavior of quay wallsin earthquakes[J].Geotechnique,1993,43(3):417-431.
[13]Choudhury D,Nimbalksar S.Seismic passiveresistance by pseudo-dynamic method[J].Geotechnique,2005,55(9):699-702.
[14]Priyanka G.Seismic passive earth pressure behindnon-vertical retaining wall using pseudo-dynamicanalysis[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2007,(25):693-703.
[15]Morrison E E,Ebeling R M.Limit equilibriumcomputation of dynamic passive earth pressure[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1995,(32):481-487.
[16]Richards R,Elms D G,Budhu M.Dynamicfluidization of soils[J].Journal GeotechnicalEngineering ASCE,1990,116(5):740-759.
[2]Mondnobe N,Matsuo H.On the determination ofearthquake pressure during earthquake[C]∥Proceedings of World Engineering Congress,Tokyo,Japan:[s.n.],1929.177-185.
[3]Okabe S.General theory on earthquake pressure andseismic stability of retaining wall and dam[J].Journalof the Japan Society of Civil Engineers,1924,10(5):1277-1323.
[4]张楚汉.水利水电工程科学前沿[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.Zhang Ch H.Frontier of Science in Hydraulic andHydro-Power Engineering[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity Press,2002.
[5]Soubra A H.Static and seismic passive earth pressurecoefficients on rigid retaining structures[J].CanadianGeotechnical Journal,2000,(37):463-478.
[6]Kumar J.Seismic passive earth pressure coefficientsfor sands[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2001,(38):876-881.
[7]Lancellotta R.Lower-bound approach for seismicpassive earth resistance[J].Geotechnique,2007,57(3):319-321.
[8]王丽艳,刘汉龙.含地下水的回填砂土重力式岸墙地震残余角位移的拟静力计算[J].水利学报,2009,40(5):623-629.Wang L Y,Liu H L.Calculation of seismic angulardisplacement of gravity quay walls with backfill sandand groundwater[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2009,40(5):623-629.
[9]年廷凯,栾茂田,郑德凤,等.抗滑桩锚固深度的极限分析下限方法[J].水利学报,2007,38(6):743-748.Nian T K,Luan M T,Zheng D F,et al.Lower-bound method for limit analysis of anchorage depth ofsliding resistant piles[J].Journal of HydraulicEngineering,2007,38(6):743-748.
[10]王立强,王元战,迟丽华.挡土墙地震土压力及其分布[J].中国港湾建设,2007,151(5):1-5.Wang L Q,Wang Y Zh,Chi L H.Distribution ofseismic soil pressure on a retaining wall[J].ChinaHarbour Engineering,2007,151(5):1-5.
[11]Steedman R S,Zeng X.The influence of phase on thecalculation of pseudo-static earth pressure on aretaining wall[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(1):102-112.
[12]Zeng X,Steedman R S.On the behavior of quay wallsin earthquakes[J].Geotechnique,1993,43(3):417-431.
[13]Choudhury D,Nimbalksar S.Seismic passiveresistance by pseudo-dynamic method[J].Geotechnique,2005,55(9):699-702.
[14]Priyanka G.Seismic passive earth pressure behindnon-vertical retaining wall using pseudo-dynamicanalysis[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2007,(25):693-703.
[15]Morrison E E,Ebeling R M.Limit equilibriumcomputation of dynamic passive earth pressure[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1995,(32):481-487.
[16]Richards R,Elms D G,Budhu M.Dynamicfluidization of soils[J].Journal GeotechnicalEngineering ASCE,1990,116(5):740-759.
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