核电厂地震概率安全分析研究现状及展望
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摘要
福岛核事故引发了全球范围内对核电厂地震灾害风险的重新审视和认识。本文概述了地震概率安全评价这一有效评估地震灾害风险的方法在国内外的已有研究成果和现状,详述了其开展方法及流程,对比性简介了确定论地震灾害分析方法—地震裕量评估法,对核电厂地震相关的研究和监管提出了一些建议。
The accident caused by Fukushima earthquake has brought in the review and renewed understanding to the seismic risk at nuclear power plants worldwide.With respect to this,the achievement and status of the research on the seismic probabilistic safety analysis,which is a useful tool for the analysis of seism risk,were introduced.The procedures and elements of this method were described in detail,and the seismic margin assessment as a deterministic method was presented.In the end,some advices to improve the research and supervision about nuclear power plant were given.
The accident caused by Fukushima earthquake has brought in the review and renewed understanding to the seismic risk at nuclear power plants worldwide.With respect to this,the achievement and status of the research on the seismic probabilistic safety analysis,which is a useful tool for the analysis of seism risk,were introduced.The procedures and elements of this method were described in detail,and the seismic margin assessment as a deterministic method was presented.In the end,some advices to improve the research and supervision about nuclear power plant were given.
引文
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[2]NRC.PRA Procedures Guide:A Guide to the Performanceof Probabilistic Risk Assessments for Nuclear Power Plants[S].NUREG/CR－2300,1983.
[3]NRC.Probabilistic Safety Analysis Procedures Guide[S].NUREG/CR－2815,BNL－NUREG－51559,1984.
[4]NRC.Procedural and Submittal Guidance forthe IndividualPlant Examination of External Events(IPEEE)for SevereAccident Vulnerabilities[S].Report NUREG－1407,1991.
[5]ANSI/ANS.External Events PRA Methodology[S].ANSI/ANS－58.21,2007.
[6]ASME/ANS.Standard for Level 1/Large Early ReleaseFrequency Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Pow－er Plant Applications[S].ASME/ANS RA－S－2008,2008.
[7]ASME.Standard forLevel 1/Large Early Release Frequen－cy Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Power PlantApplications[S].ASME/ANS RA－Sa－2009,2009.
[8]IAEA.Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Seismic Events[R].IAEA－TECDOC－724,1993.
[9]IAEA.Evaluation of Seismic Hazards for Nuclear PowerPlants[S].NS－G－3.3,2002.
[10]IAEA.Seismic Hazards in Site Evaluaiton for Nuclear In－stallations[S].No.SSG－9,2010.
[11]IAEA.Seismic Evaluation ofExisting Nuclear Power Plants[R].Safety Reports Series No.28,2003.
[12]PeerananTowashiraporn.Building Seismic Fragilities UsingResponse Surface Metamodels[D].Georgia,2004.
[13]NRC.Policy,Technical,and Licensing Issues Pertainingto Evolutionary and Advanced Ligh－t Water Reactor(AL－WR)Designs[S].SECY－93－087,1993.
[14]NRC.Implementation of a Probabilistic Risk Assessmen－tBased Seismic Margin Analysis for New Reactors[S].DC/COL－ISG－020.
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