地震作用下黄土边坡动力响应数值分析
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摘要
利用FLAC3D软件对某三级黄土边坡进行了动力反应分析。首先分析了静力作用下该黄土边坡剪应变增量和坡面、坡内、坡顶不同监测点的位移;在此基础上进行动力分析,得出黄土边坡地震动力响应规律。研究结果表明,静力作用下坡面上水平向位移明显大于垂直向位移,水平向位移从坡底向上逐渐减小;坡面处位移较大,位移在每级坡坡脚稍向上一定范围内达到最大值;地震作用下黄土边坡剪应变增量由坡脚稍向上部位开始向周围扩展,范围明显增大,且随地震持时的增加剪应变增量增幅较大;塑性区变化显示该黄土边坡坡顶以拉破坏为主,坡脚稍向上开始以剪破坏为主并伴有拉破坏。黄土边坡对地震波具有临空面放大效应,地震波在坡体内传播过程中还具有滞后效应。
Using the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions(FLAC3D) software,the dynamic response of a three terrace loess slope was analyzed.First,the shear strain of the loess slope,and the displacement of different monitoring points in the surface,inside and upside of the slope were analyzed under the static action.On this basis,the dynamic analysis was made;and the seismic response of loess slope was obtained.The results showed: under the static action,the horizontal displacement of monitoring points in the surface was significantly larger than the vertical displacement and decreased upward from the base of the slope;the larger displacement of the slope was in the surface and the displacement upward each terrace at the base slope slightly reached a maximum value within a certain range of the slope;under earthquake shear strain increment of loess slope began to expand from slightly upward the foot of the surrounding area,the scope of it significantly increased,and shear strain increment increased rapidly with the increase of duration;changes of the plastic zone indicated that the top of slope dominated by tensile failure,while the failure of the base slightly upward the foot of slope was shear failure,which was associated with tensile failure.Seismic wave has an amplification effect on the free surface of loess slope and a lag effect in the dissemination process.
Using the fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions(FLAC3D) software,the dynamic response of a three terrace loess slope was analyzed.First,the shear strain of the loess slope,and the displacement of different monitoring points in the surface,inside and upside of the slope were analyzed under the static action.On this basis,the dynamic analysis was made;and the seismic response of loess slope was obtained.The results showed: under the static action,the horizontal displacement of monitoring points in the surface was significantly larger than the vertical displacement and decreased upward from the base of the slope;the larger displacement of the slope was in the surface and the displacement upward each terrace at the base slope slightly reached a maximum value within a certain range of the slope;under earthquake shear strain increment of loess slope began to expand from slightly upward the foot of the surrounding area,the scope of it significantly increased,and shear strain increment increased rapidly with the increase of duration;changes of the plastic zone indicated that the top of slope dominated by tensile failure,while the failure of the base slightly upward the foot of slope was shear failure,which was associated with tensile failure.Seismic wave has an amplification effect on the free surface of loess slope and a lag effect in the dissemination process.
引文
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[12]言志信,蔡汉成,王群敏,等.岩土体在地震作用下的破坏研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(10):1621-1626.YAN Zhi-xin,CAI Han-cheng,WANG Qun-min,et al.Research on failure of rock and soil mass underearthquake[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(10):1621-1626.
[13]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714-1723.ZHENG Ying-ren,YE Hai-lin,HUANG Run-qiu.Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism andfracture surface of slope under earthquake[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714-1723.
[2]言志信,蔡汉成,王群敏,等.纵波作用下边坡动力响应规律研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(4):497-506.YAN Zhi-xin,CAI Han-cheng,WANG Qun-min,et al.General law of dynamic response of slopes under seismicP-wave[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(4):497-506.
[3]张学东,言志信,张森.ANSYS在岩质边坡动力响应分析中的应用[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):117-121.ZHANG Xue-dong,YAN Zhi-xin,ZHANG Sen.Numerical analysis of dynamic response of rock slopeusing ANSYS software[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2010,32(2):117-121.
[4]蔡汉成,言志信,王群敏,等.交通荷载作用下边坡动力响应数值分析[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(3):220-225.CAI Han-cheng,YAN Zhi-xin,WANG Qun-min,et al.Numerical analysis of slope dynamic response undertraffic loads[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2010,32(3):220-225.
[5]王家鼎,张倬元.地震诱发高速黄土滑坡的机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(6):670-674.WANG Jia-ding,ZHANG Zhuo-yuan.A study of themechanism of high speed loess landslide induced byearthquake[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1999,21(6):670-674.
[6]王家鼎,白铭学,肖树芳.强震作用下低角度黄土斜坡滑移的复合机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):445-449.WANG Jia-ding,BAI Ming-xue,XIAO Shu-fang.Astudy of compound mechanism of earthquake-relatedsliding displacements on gently inclined loess slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):445-449.
[7]龙吉勇.Q3黄土的等效循环荷载及动力损伤变形特性研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[8]谷天峰,王家鼎,任权,等.循环荷载作用下黄土边坡变形研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊1):3156-3162.GU Tian-feng,WANG Jia-ding,REN Quan,et al.Studyof deformation of loess slope under cyclic load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.1):3156-3162.
[9]何丽君,石玉成,杨惠林,等.地震作用下黄土边坡稳定性分析[J].西北地震学报,2009,31(2):142-147.HE Li-jun,SHI Yu-cheng,YANG Hui-lin,et al.Analysisof stability of loess slope during different groundmotion[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2009,31(2):142-147.
[10]YAN Z X,CAI H C,WANG Q M,et al.Finite differencenumerical simulation of guided wave propagation in thefull grouted rock bolt[J].Science China TechnologicalSciences,2011,54:1-8.
[11]祁生文,伍法权,孙进忠.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学E辑技术,2003,33(增刊):28-40.QI Sheng-wen,WU Fa-quan,SUN Jin-zhong.Study ofdynamic response of the slope[J].Science in ChinaSeries E,2003,33(Supp.):28-40.
[12]言志信,蔡汉成,王群敏,等.岩土体在地震作用下的破坏研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(10):1621-1626.YAN Zhi-xin,CAI Han-cheng,WANG Qun-min,et al.Research on failure of rock and soil mass underearthquake[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(10):1621-1626.
[13]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714-1723.ZHENG Ying-ren,YE Hai-lin,HUANG Run-qiu.Analysis and discussion of failure mechanism andfracture surface of slope under earthquake[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1714-1723.
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