随机地震荷载作用下黄土震陷的影响因素研究
|
摘要
首先采用场地未来50 a超越概率10%的地震波作为输入激振波进行动力试验,根据试验结果对随机荷载作用下黄土震陷的残余动应变表达式进行修正,通过多组试验数据的反复验证,修正后模型与试验结果相关性较好。其次,通过控制人工合成地震动时程的功率谱和包络函数相关参数,得到不同卓越频率和有效持时的地震动时程,并据此进行动三轴试验,研究卓越频率和有效持时对黄土残余应变的影响效应,结果表明:卓越频率高、有效持时长的地震荷载作用下,相同动应力引起土体的残余变形较大。另外,固结比和含水量对黄土的残余应变也有较大的影响,在同一动应力作用下,高固结比和高含水量时试样将产生更大的残余应变。
Certain earthquake wave with 10% exceeding probability in the following 50 years of the field is input as vibration wave to conduct the dynamic test firstly.The residual dynamic strain calculation expression is amended based on the test results.According to repeating verifications of a great many groups of test data,it is shown that there is good correlation between the amended expression and test results.Secondly,Through controlling the correlative parameters of power spectrum and envelope function of artificially synthesized seismic histories,earthquake waves with different predominant frequencies and effective times are obtained to control the axial stress of dynamic triaxial test.The effects of predominant frequency and effective time on the residual strain of loess are studied.The study results show that the sample suffering the earthquake acceleration wave with higher predominant frequency and longer effective time indicate larger residual strain under the same dynamic stress.In addition,moisture content and consolidation ratio have greater effect on the residual strain of loess.Under the same dynamic stress,the sample with higher moisture content and suffering higher consolidation ratio would produce more seismic residual strain.
Certain earthquake wave with 10% exceeding probability in the following 50 years of the field is input as vibration wave to conduct the dynamic test firstly.The residual dynamic strain calculation expression is amended based on the test results.According to repeating verifications of a great many groups of test data,it is shown that there is good correlation between the amended expression and test results.Secondly,Through controlling the correlative parameters of power spectrum and envelope function of artificially synthesized seismic histories,earthquake waves with different predominant frequencies and effective times are obtained to control the axial stress of dynamic triaxial test.The effects of predominant frequency and effective time on the residual strain of loess are studied.The study results show that the sample suffering the earthquake acceleration wave with higher predominant frequency and longer effective time indicate larger residual strain under the same dynamic stress.In addition,moisture content and consolidation ratio have greater effect on the residual strain of loess.Under the same dynamic stress,the sample with higher moisture content and suffering higher consolidation ratio would produce more seismic residual strain.
引文
[1]МЕДВЕДЕВC B.地震小区划[M].黄秀铭译.北京:地震出版社,1981:93-94.(МЕДВЕДЕВC B.Seismic regionalization[M].Translatedby HUANG Xiuming.Beijing:Earthquake Press,1981:93-94.(inChinese))
[2]陈永明,石玉成,徐晖平,等.1995年永登地震黄土震陷变形特征及其形成机制[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(4):465-470.(CHENYongming,SHI Yucheng,XU Huiping,et al.Deformation characteristicof seismic subsidence and its formation mechanism of loess inducedby the Yongdeng earthquake in 1995[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2000,22(4):465-470.(in Chinese))
[3]张冬丽,王兰民.1995年永登地震山体变形计算机模拟与机制分析[J].西北地震学报,2003,25(1):77-81.(ZHANG Donglin,WANG Lanmin.Computer-aided analogue and mechanism analysis ofdeformation of hill ground induced by Yongdeng earthquake in1995[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2003,25(1):77-81.(inChinese))
[4]张振中,张冬丽,刘红玫.黄土震陷灾害典型震例的综合研究[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(1):36-42.(ZHANG Zhenzhong,ZHANGDongli,LIU Hongmei.Comprehensive study on seismic subsidence ofloess under earthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(1):36-42.(in Chinese))
[5]巫志辉,方彦.原状黄土在增湿时的震陷特性[C]//中国振动工程学会第三届土动力学会议论文集.上海:同济大学出版社,1990:285-290.(WU Zhihui,FANG Yan.Characteristic of intact loessseismic subsidence in environment of increasing moisture content[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd Soil Dynamics Congress of China VibrationEngineering Society.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,1990:285-290.(in Chinese))
[6]何光,朱鸿博.黄土震陷研究[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(6):99-103.(HE Guang,ZHU Hongbo.Study on the loess seismicsubsidence[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,1990,12(6):99-103.(in Chinese))
[7]翁效林,熊元克,裴凯.黄土震陷变形特征的离心模型试验研究[J].矿物学报,2006,26(4):460-464.(WENG Xiaolin,XIONGYuanke,PEI Kai.Study on loess seismic subsidence deformationcharacteristics by centrifuge model test[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2006,26(4):460-464.(in Chinese))
[8]李兰,王兰民.含黏粒量黄土抗震陷性能的试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(3):63-66.(LI Lan,WANG Lanmin.Experimental study of the subsidence characteristics of clayey loess[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,34(3):63-66.(inChinese))
[9]骆亚生,谢定义,董为民,等.不同地区黄土振陷变形特性的对比分析[J].陕西水利发电,2001,17(1):4-7.(LUO Yasheng,XIEDingyi,DONG Weimin,et al.Comparative analysis of vibrationdeformation behavior of the loess from different regions[J].Journal ofShaanxi Water Power,2001,17(1):4-7.(in Chinese))
[10]贾革续,孔宪京.粗粒土动残余变形特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):26-30.(JIA Gexu,KONG Xianjing.Study onresidual deformation characteristics of coarse-grained soils[J].ChineseJounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):26-30.(inChinese))
[11]袁晓铭,孙锐,孟上九.土体地震大变形分析中Seed有效循环次数方法的局限性[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(2):207-211.(YUAN Xiaoming,SUN Yue,MENG Shangjiu.Limitation of theSeed′s method of significant cyclic number in analyzing largedeformation of soils during earthquake[J].Chinese Jounal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2004,26(2):207-211.(in Chinese))
[12]袁晓铭,孟上九,孙锐.随机地震荷载下黏性土残余应变的半经验计算公式[J].水利学报,2004,(11):62-67.(YUAN Xiaoming,MENG Shangjiu,SUN Yue.Semi-empirical formula for evaluating theresidual strain of cohesive soils under irregular earthquake loading[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004,(11):62-67.(in Chinese))
[13]石玉成,李兰.黄土震陷变形特征的细观分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 829-2 833.(SHI Yucheng,LI Lan.Microanalysis of seismic subsidence characteristics of loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 829-2 833.(in Chinese))
[14]刘红玫,张振中.永登震后黄土微结构特征研究[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(2):174-177.(LIU Hongmei,ZHANG Zhenzhong.Study on microstructure characteristics of loess after Yongdengearthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(2):174-177.(in Chinese))
[15]李兰,王兰民,王峻.永登5.8级地震极震区黄土微结构孔隙性的定量研究[J].地震研究,2005,28(3):282-287.(LI Lan,WANGLanmin,WANG Jun.Quantitative research on the porosity of loess inthe Meizoseismal Area of the Yongdeng Ms5.8 earthquake[J].Journalof Seismological Research,2005,28(3):282-287.(in Chinese))
[16]邓津,王兰民,张振中.黄土显微结构特征与震陷性[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(4):542-548.(DENG Jin,WANG Lanmin,ZHANGZhenzhong.Microstructure characteristics and seismic subsidence ofloess[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(4):542-548.(in Chinese))
[17]王兰民,邓津,黄媛.黄土震陷性的微观结构量化分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):3 025-3 031.(WANG Lanmin,DENG Jin,HUANG Yuan.Quantitative analysis of microstructure ofloess seismic subsidence[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2007,26(1):3 025-3 031.(in Chinese))
[18]王兰民,袁中夏,王峻,等.干密度对击实黄土震陷性影响的试验研究[J].地震工程与振动,2000,20(1):87-92.(WANG Lanmin,YUAN Zhongxia,WANG Jun,et al.Laboratory study of effect of drydensity on seismic subsidence of compacted loess[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(1):87-92.(inChinese))
[19]陈永明,王兰民,刘红玫.剪切波速预测黄土场地震陷量的方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 834-2 839.(CHENYongming,WANG Lanmin,LIU Hongmei.Prediction method ofseismic subsidence of loess ground with shear wave velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 834-2 839.(in Chinese))
[20]TANIGUCHI E,WHITMAN R V,MARR W A.Prediction ofearthquake induced deformation of earth dams[J].Soils and Foundations,1983,23(4):126-132.
[21]邓龙胜.强震作用下黄土边坡的动力响应机制和动力稳定性研究[博士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2010.(DENG Longsheng.Study on the dynamic response mechanism and dynamic stability ofloess slope in environment of strong earthquake[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2010.(in Chinese))
[22]张振中.黄土地震灾害预测[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:58-61.(ZHANG Zhenzhong.Seismic disaster forecasting of loess[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999:58-61.(in Chinese))
[2]陈永明,石玉成,徐晖平,等.1995年永登地震黄土震陷变形特征及其形成机制[J].西北地震学报,2000,22(4):465-470.(CHENYongming,SHI Yucheng,XU Huiping,et al.Deformation characteristicof seismic subsidence and its formation mechanism of loess inducedby the Yongdeng earthquake in 1995[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2000,22(4):465-470.(in Chinese))
[3]张冬丽,王兰民.1995年永登地震山体变形计算机模拟与机制分析[J].西北地震学报,2003,25(1):77-81.(ZHANG Donglin,WANG Lanmin.Computer-aided analogue and mechanism analysis ofdeformation of hill ground induced by Yongdeng earthquake in1995[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2003,25(1):77-81.(inChinese))
[4]张振中,张冬丽,刘红玫.黄土震陷灾害典型震例的综合研究[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(1):36-42.(ZHANG Zhenzhong,ZHANGDongli,LIU Hongmei.Comprehensive study on seismic subsidence ofloess under earthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(1):36-42.(in Chinese))
[5]巫志辉,方彦.原状黄土在增湿时的震陷特性[C]//中国振动工程学会第三届土动力学会议论文集.上海:同济大学出版社,1990:285-290.(WU Zhihui,FANG Yan.Characteristic of intact loessseismic subsidence in environment of increasing moisture content[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd Soil Dynamics Congress of China VibrationEngineering Society.Shanghai:Tongji University Press,1990:285-290.(in Chinese))
[6]何光,朱鸿博.黄土震陷研究[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(6):99-103.(HE Guang,ZHU Hongbo.Study on the loess seismicsubsidence[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,1990,12(6):99-103.(in Chinese))
[7]翁效林,熊元克,裴凯.黄土震陷变形特征的离心模型试验研究[J].矿物学报,2006,26(4):460-464.(WENG Xiaolin,XIONGYuanke,PEI Kai.Study on loess seismic subsidence deformationcharacteristics by centrifuge model test[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2006,26(4):460-464.(in Chinese))
[8]李兰,王兰民.含黏粒量黄土抗震陷性能的试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(3):63-66.(LI Lan,WANG Lanmin.Experimental study of the subsidence characteristics of clayey loess[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2007,34(3):63-66.(inChinese))
[9]骆亚生,谢定义,董为民,等.不同地区黄土振陷变形特性的对比分析[J].陕西水利发电,2001,17(1):4-7.(LUO Yasheng,XIEDingyi,DONG Weimin,et al.Comparative analysis of vibrationdeformation behavior of the loess from different regions[J].Journal ofShaanxi Water Power,2001,17(1):4-7.(in Chinese))
[10]贾革续,孔宪京.粗粒土动残余变形特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):26-30.(JIA Gexu,KONG Xianjing.Study onresidual deformation characteristics of coarse-grained soils[J].ChineseJounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):26-30.(inChinese))
[11]袁晓铭,孙锐,孟上九.土体地震大变形分析中Seed有效循环次数方法的局限性[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(2):207-211.(YUAN Xiaoming,SUN Yue,MENG Shangjiu.Limitation of theSeed′s method of significant cyclic number in analyzing largedeformation of soils during earthquake[J].Chinese Jounal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2004,26(2):207-211.(in Chinese))
[12]袁晓铭,孟上九,孙锐.随机地震荷载下黏性土残余应变的半经验计算公式[J].水利学报,2004,(11):62-67.(YUAN Xiaoming,MENG Shangjiu,SUN Yue.Semi-empirical formula for evaluating theresidual strain of cohesive soils under irregular earthquake loading[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004,(11):62-67.(in Chinese))
[13]石玉成,李兰.黄土震陷变形特征的细观分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 829-2 833.(SHI Yucheng,LI Lan.Microanalysis of seismic subsidence characteristics of loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 829-2 833.(in Chinese))
[14]刘红玫,张振中.永登震后黄土微结构特征研究[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(2):174-177.(LIU Hongmei,ZHANG Zhenzhong.Study on microstructure characteristics of loess after Yongdengearthquake[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(2):174-177.(in Chinese))
[15]李兰,王兰民,王峻.永登5.8级地震极震区黄土微结构孔隙性的定量研究[J].地震研究,2005,28(3):282-287.(LI Lan,WANGLanmin,WANG Jun.Quantitative research on the porosity of loess inthe Meizoseismal Area of the Yongdeng Ms5.8 earthquake[J].Journalof Seismological Research,2005,28(3):282-287.(in Chinese))
[16]邓津,王兰民,张振中.黄土显微结构特征与震陷性[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(4):542-548.(DENG Jin,WANG Lanmin,ZHANGZhenzhong.Microstructure characteristics and seismic subsidence ofloess[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(4):542-548.(in Chinese))
[17]王兰民,邓津,黄媛.黄土震陷性的微观结构量化分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):3 025-3 031.(WANG Lanmin,DENG Jin,HUANG Yuan.Quantitative analysis of microstructure ofloess seismic subsidence[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2007,26(1):3 025-3 031.(in Chinese))
[18]王兰民,袁中夏,王峻,等.干密度对击实黄土震陷性影响的试验研究[J].地震工程与振动,2000,20(1):87-92.(WANG Lanmin,YUAN Zhongxia,WANG Jun,et al.Laboratory study of effect of drydensity on seismic subsidence of compacted loess[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2000,20(1):87-92.(inChinese))
[19]陈永明,王兰民,刘红玫.剪切波速预测黄土场地震陷量的方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 834-2 839.(CHENYongming,WANG Lanmin,LIU Hongmei.Prediction method ofseismic subsidence of loess ground with shear wave velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 834-2 839.(in Chinese))
[20]TANIGUCHI E,WHITMAN R V,MARR W A.Prediction ofearthquake induced deformation of earth dams[J].Soils and Foundations,1983,23(4):126-132.
[21]邓龙胜.强震作用下黄土边坡的动力响应机制和动力稳定性研究[博士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2010.(DENG Longsheng.Study on the dynamic response mechanism and dynamic stability ofloess slope in environment of strong earthquake[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Xi′an:Chang′an University,2010.(in Chinese))
[22]张振中.黄土地震灾害预测[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:58-61.(ZHANG Zhenzhong.Seismic disaster forecasting of loess[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999:58-61.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心