深厚覆盖层坝基防渗墙地震反应规律研究
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摘要
为探讨深厚覆盖层中坝基防渗墙地震反应规律并评价其抗震安全性,以金平堆石坝为工程背景,在三维非线性静力分析基础上,采用子模型技术对坝基防渗墙进行了地震动力时程分析,坝体材料及覆盖层采用Hardin-Dr-nevich动力本构模型,防渗墙与覆盖层的接触关系采用薄层接触单元模拟。计算成果表明:防渗墙上部靠两岸侧动应力反应较大,动静叠加后其应力变形规律相对静力工况变化较小;受深窄河谷及右岸折坡地形影响,竖直向压应力极值并未如一般规律所反映的出现在墙体中下部,而是位于墙身中上部的右岸侧折坡处;在设计地震作用下,防渗墙拉裂状况基本没有恶化,压应力极值增幅仅3.5%。综合来看,设计地震对防渗墙的运行状态影响不大。
The present research is to explore the seismic response features of the cutoff wall in dam foundation with deep overburden and to evaluate its seismic safety.Jinping rockfill dam was taken a case study.On the basis of 3-dimensional nonlinear static analysis,submodeling method was used to carry out time-history analysis on the foundation's cutoff wall.The filling materials of dam and the alluvium deposit were simulated by Hardin-Drnevich dynamic constitutive model.The thin-layer contact element was used to simulate the contact relationship between the cutoff wall and the overburden.Results indicated that dynamic stresses showed a strong response in the upper part of the cutoff wall near the bank sides.After superposing the dynamic response with static response,the deformation and stress distribution rules changed slightly compared with those in the static state.Influenced by the terrain of deep and narrow valley and the turning point of the right bank,the vertical compressive stress extremum occurred in the turning point of the right bank of the mid-upper part of the wall instead of the mid-lower part as general rule shows.During the seismic history,the rupture area of the cutoff wall extended little,and the growth rate of vertical compressive stress extremum was only 3.5%.In conclusion,the influence of seismic load on the work condition of cutoff wall was not obvious.
The present research is to explore the seismic response features of the cutoff wall in dam foundation with deep overburden and to evaluate its seismic safety.Jinping rockfill dam was taken a case study.On the basis of 3-dimensional nonlinear static analysis,submodeling method was used to carry out time-history analysis on the foundation's cutoff wall.The filling materials of dam and the alluvium deposit were simulated by Hardin-Drnevich dynamic constitutive model.The thin-layer contact element was used to simulate the contact relationship between the cutoff wall and the overburden.Results indicated that dynamic stresses showed a strong response in the upper part of the cutoff wall near the bank sides.After superposing the dynamic response with static response,the deformation and stress distribution rules changed slightly compared with those in the static state.Influenced by the terrain of deep and narrow valley and the turning point of the right bank,the vertical compressive stress extremum occurred in the turning point of the right bank of the mid-upper part of the wall instead of the mid-lower part as general rule shows.During the seismic history,the rupture area of the cutoff wall extended little,and the growth rate of vertical compressive stress extremum was only 3.5%.In conclusion,the influence of seismic load on the work condition of cutoff wall was not obvious.
引文
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[11]刘晓青,李同春,闫园园,等.地震作用下混凝土坝孔口应力分析的动力子模型法[J].水力发电学报,2009,(5):88-91.(LIU Xiao-qing,LI Tong-chun,YANYuan-yuan,et al.Dynamic Sub-model Method for StressAnalysis of Orifice in Concrete Dam under Action of Earth-quake[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2009,(5):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]DUNCAN J M,CHANG Y C.Nonlinear Analysis ofStress and Strain in Soils[J].Journal of the Soil Me-chanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1970,96(5):1629-1653.
[13]顾淦臣.土石坝地震工程[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989.(GU Gan-chen.Earthquake Engineering ofEarth and Rockfill Dams[M].Nanjing:Hohai Universi-ty Press,1989.(in Chinese))
[14]邱祖林,陈杰.深厚覆盖层上混凝土防渗墙的应力变形特性[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(3):72-76.(QIU Zu-lin,CHEN Jie.On the Stress and De-formation of Cut-off Wall in the Deep Overburden[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2006,33(3):72-76.(in Chinese))
[2]沈新慧.防渗墙及其周围土体的应力探讨[J].水利学报,1995,(11):39-45.(SHEN Xin-hui.Study onStresses of Concrete Diaphragm Walls and Surrounding Soil[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995,(11):39-45.(in Chinese))
[3]陈慧远.土石坝坝基混凝土防渗墙的应力和变形[J].水利学报,1990,(4):11-21.(CHEN Hui-yuan.Stress-Deformation Analysis of Concrete Diaphragm Wallunder Earth-Rockfill Dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engi-neering,1990,(4):11-21.(in Chinese))
[4]DASCAL O.Structural Behaviour of the Manicouagan 3Cutoff[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1979,16(1):200-221.
[5]万彪,何蕴龙,熊堃.有厚度节理单元的开发与应用[J].水电能源科学,2008,26(4):63-66.(WANBiao,HE Yun-long,XIONG Kun.Development of JointElement with Thickness and Its Application[J].WaterResources and Power,2008,26(4):63-66.(in Chi-nese))
[6]BANDIS S C,LUMSDEN A C,BARTON N R.Funda-mentals of Rock Joint Deformation[J].International Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1983,20(6):249-268.
[7]CLOUGH G W,DUNCAN J M.Finite Element Analysis ofRetaining Wall Behavior[J].Journal of the Soil Mechanicsand Foundations Division,ASCE,1971,97(12):1657-1673.
[8]熊堃,何蕴龙,曹学兴.观音岩水电站混合坝插入式接头的抗震性能[J].天津大学学报,2010,(7):583-592.(XIONG Kun,HE Yun-long,CAO Xue-xing.Earth-quake-Resistant Characteristics of Inserted Junction inComposite Dam of Guanyinyan Hydropower Station[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2010,(7):583-592.(inChinese))
[9]吴秋军,傅少君.子模型方法研究瀑布沟土石坝防渗结构[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2006,39(3):55-59.(WU Qiu-jun,FU Shao-jun.Study on Seepage Preven-tion Structure for Pubugou Earth-rock Dam by Sub-modelMethod[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2006,39(3):55-59.(in Chinese))
[10]赵吉坤,朱小春,石端学,等.子模型法在小湾拱坝结构诱导缝及检查廊道中的应用[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(3):298-301.(ZHAO Ji-kun,ZHU Xiao-chun,DAN Duan-xue,et al.Application ofSubmodel Method to Inducement Slot and Check-up Porchof Xiaowan Arch Dam[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2007,35(3):298-301.(in Chi-nese))
[11]刘晓青,李同春,闫园园,等.地震作用下混凝土坝孔口应力分析的动力子模型法[J].水力发电学报,2009,(5):88-91.(LIU Xiao-qing,LI Tong-chun,YANYuan-yuan,et al.Dynamic Sub-model Method for StressAnalysis of Orifice in Concrete Dam under Action of Earth-quake[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2009,(5):88-91.(in Chinese))
[12]DUNCAN J M,CHANG Y C.Nonlinear Analysis ofStress and Strain in Soils[J].Journal of the Soil Me-chanics and Foundations Division,ASCE,1970,96(5):1629-1653.
[13]顾淦臣.土石坝地震工程[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989.(GU Gan-chen.Earthquake Engineering ofEarth and Rockfill Dams[M].Nanjing:Hohai Universi-ty Press,1989.(in Chinese))
[14]邱祖林,陈杰.深厚覆盖层上混凝土防渗墙的应力变形特性[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(3):72-76.(QIU Zu-lin,CHEN Jie.On the Stress and De-formation of Cut-off Wall in the Deep Overburden[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2006,33(3):72-76.(in Chinese))
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