三维实体边坡地震动力响应规律
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摘要
为探讨边坡在地震作用下的加速度、速度和位移(简称三量)分布规律,基于拉格朗日差分法,建立了理想边坡的三维模型;通过引入三量放大系数的概念,绘制边坡三量等值线图,分析了坡面形态对边坡三量分布规律的影响,并通过实体边坡模型进行了验证.研究结果表明:在地震作用下,一定坡高的单一介质边坡,边坡内三量随坡高增大而增大,三量放大系数随之增大;三量的分布与坡面形态有关,在坡面凹凸部位三量放大系数最大,且凹凸程度越强烈,放大效应越明显;凸面坡的放大效应整体强于凹面坡.
In order to investigate the distribution rules of acceleration,speed and displacement(short for three parameters) responses of a slope subjected to an earthquake,a 3D model for an ideal slope was established based on the Lagrangian finite difference method.Effects of slope form on the distributions of the three parameters were analyzed by introducing the concepts of amplification coefficients of the three parameters and drawing corresponding contour graphs,and were verified by the 3D model for an actual slope.The research results indicate that to a slope with a medium and certain height,its three parameters increase with the increase of slope height,and their amplification coefficients increase also.The distributions of the three parameters are related to the slope form,the amplification coefficients of the three parameters are maximum at concave and convex parts of the slope.And the more intense the degrees of the concave and convex parts are,the more obvious the amplification effect is.Furthermore,the amplification effect of a convex slope is stronger than that of a concave slope as a whole.
In order to investigate the distribution rules of acceleration,speed and displacement(short for three parameters) responses of a slope subjected to an earthquake,a 3D model for an ideal slope was established based on the Lagrangian finite difference method.Effects of slope form on the distributions of the three parameters were analyzed by introducing the concepts of amplification coefficients of the three parameters and drawing corresponding contour graphs,and were verified by the 3D model for an actual slope.The research results indicate that to a slope with a medium and certain height,its three parameters increase with the increase of slope height,and their amplification coefficients increase also.The distributions of the three parameters are related to the slope form,the amplification coefficients of the three parameters are maximum at concave and convex parts of the slope.And the more intense the degrees of the concave and convex parts are,the more obvious the amplification effect is.Furthermore,the amplification effect of a convex slope is stronger than that of a concave slope as a whole.
引文
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[12]祁生文.单面边坡的两种动力反应形式及其临界高度[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):518-523.QI Shengwen.Two patterns of dynamic responses ofsingle-free-surface slopes and their thresholdheight[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(2):518-523.
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[14]毕忠伟,张明,金峰,等.地震作用下边坡的动态响应规律研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(增刊):180-183.BI Zhongwei,ZHANG Ming,JIN Feng,et al.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(Sup.):180-183.
[15]祁生文,伍法权,孙进忠.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学E辑:技术科学,2003,33(增刊):28-40.QI Shengwen,WU Faquan,SUN Jinzhong.Study ondynamic responses of slope[J].Science in ChinaSeries E:Technological Sciences,2003,33(Sup.):28-40.
[16]LYSMER J,KUHLEMEYER R L.Finite dynamicmodel for infinite media[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics Division,1969,95(4):859-877.
[17]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2591.HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Research on developmentand distribution rules of geohazards induced byWenchuan earthquake on 12th May[J].Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2591.
[18]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009:186-187.(中、英文编辑:付国彬)
[2]DAVID M B.The effect of simple topography on seismicwaves:implications for the accelerations recorded atPacoima Dam,San Fernando Valley,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1973,63(5):1603-1609.
[3]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:223-225.
[4]徐光兴,姚令侃,高召宁,等.边坡动力特性与动力响应的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):624-632.XU Guangxin,YAO Lingkan,GAO Zhaoning,et al.Large-scale shaking table model test study on dynamiccharacteristics and dynamic responses of slope[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,27(3):624-632.
[5]LIN Meeiling,WANG Kuolung.Seismic slope behaviorin a large scale shaking table model test[J].Engineering Geology,2006,86(2):118-133.
[6]刘汉香,许强,徐鸿彪,等.斜坡动力变形破坏特征的振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):334-339.LIU Hanxiang,XU Qiang,XU Hongbiao,et al.Shaking table model test on slope dynamic deformationand failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):334-339.
[7]许强,刘汉香,邹威,等.斜坡加速度动力响应特性的大型振动台试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(12):2420-2429.XU Qiang,LIU Hanxiang,ZOU Wei,et al.Study onslope dynamic responses of accelerations by large-scaleshaking table test[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29(12):2420-2429.
[8]董金玉,杨国香,伍法权,等.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应和破坏模式大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):2977-2983.DONG Jinyu,YANG Guoxiang,WU Faquan,et al.The large-scale shaking table test study of dynamicresponse and failure mode of bedding rock slope underearthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):2977-2983.
[9]杨国香,伍法权,董金玉,等.地震作用下岩质边坡动力响应特性及变形破坏机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(4):676-702.YANG Guoxiang,WU Faquan,DONG Jinyu,et al.Study of dynamic response characters and failuremechanism of rock slope under earthquake[J].Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(4):676-702.
[10]赵安平,冯春,李世海,等.地震力作用下基覆边坡模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(2):514-523.ZHAO Anping,FENG Chun,LI Shihai,et al.Experimental research on seismic failure mode andsupporting for slope of bedrock and overburdenlayer[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(2):514-523.
[11]张学东,言志信,张森.ANSYS在岩质边坡动力响应分析中的应用[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):117-121.ZHANG Xuedong,YAN Zhixin,ZHANG Sen.Numerical analysis on dynamic response of rock slopeusing ANSYS software[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2010,32(2):117-121.
[12]祁生文.单面边坡的两种动力反应形式及其临界高度[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):518-523.QI Shengwen.Two patterns of dynamic responses ofsingle-free-surface slopes and their thresholdheight[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(2):518-523.
[13]PARISH Y,SADEK M,SHAHROUR I.Reviewarticle:numerical analysis of the seismic behaviour ofearth dam[J].Natural Hazards and Earth SystemSciences,2009(9):451-458.
[14]毕忠伟,张明,金峰,等.地震作用下边坡的动态响应规律研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(增刊):180-183.BI Zhongwei,ZHANG Ming,JIN Feng,et al.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(Sup.):180-183.
[15]祁生文,伍法权,孙进忠.边坡动力响应规律研究[J].中国科学E辑:技术科学,2003,33(增刊):28-40.QI Shengwen,WU Faquan,SUN Jinzhong.Study ondynamic responses of slope[J].Science in ChinaSeries E:Technological Sciences,2003,33(Sup.):28-40.
[16]LYSMER J,KUHLEMEYER R L.Finite dynamicmodel for infinite media[J].Journal of EngineeringMechanics Division,1969,95(4):859-877.
[17]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2591.HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Research on developmentand distribution rules of geohazards induced byWenchuan earthquake on 12th May[J].Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2591.
[18]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009:186-187.(中、英文编辑:付国彬)
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