基于波动理论的桩-土体系地震响应的数值分析
|
摘要
【目的】研究桩-土体系地震响应特征,为工程抗震研究提供参考。【方法】基于动力平衡方程,推导黏弹性土介质的波动方程,利用伽辽金加权余量法,建立波动方程时域的离散形式;借助ABAQUS软件,采用有限元和无限元耦合的数值方法,对水平地震作用下桩的动力响应进行数值计算;分析桩的长径比、上部结构质量和桩-土接触面不同时,桩-土体系对地震波的响应特征。【结果】桩的长径比越小,桩的变形越大;上部结构质量越大,惯性力越大,对桩顶部附近桩身的影响越大;桩-土接触面有滑移无开裂时桩的加速度响应明显较无滑移无开裂时大。【结论】水平地震作用下桩土体系中的桩体横向地震响应受桩的长径比、上部结构质量、桩-土接触面特性等因素的影响。在今后的桩基抗震设计中,可以根据桩体横向变形的规律,针对这些因素合理地选择桩基设计方案,从而提高桩体及其上部结构的抗震性能。
【Objective】 The research was conducted to study the seismic response characteristics of the pile-soil system to offer some reference for research on earthquake resistance of engineering structure.【Method】 Based on the dynamic equilibrium equation,the wave equation of visco-elastic soil medium is derived;Using Galerkin Weighted Residual Method,the discrete form of wave equation in time-domain is established;With the software ABAQUS,adopting the finite element and infinite element coupled numerical method,the dynamical response of piles on horizontal seismic is calculated;Seismic wave response characteristics are analyzed in the pile-soil system in different situations of slenderness ratio,superstructure mass or interface between pile and soils.【Result】 The smaller the pile's slenderness ratio is,the bigger the pile's deformation is;The bigger the superstructure mass is,the bigger the inertial force and the effect of the top part of the pile is;The acceleration response of the pile with slippage and without cracks on pile-soil interface is significantly higher than the case without slippage and cracks.【Conclusion】 The factors such as pile's slenderness ratiois,superstructure mass and the behavior of interface between pile and soils all affect the horizontal response of pile in pile-soil system under horizontal seismic.So,in the future pile foundation aseismatic design,we can reasonably choose the design for the above factors according to the law of pile's lateral deformation,so as to improve the aseismatic performances of the pile and superstructure.
【Objective】 The research was conducted to study the seismic response characteristics of the pile-soil system to offer some reference for research on earthquake resistance of engineering structure.【Method】 Based on the dynamic equilibrium equation,the wave equation of visco-elastic soil medium is derived;Using Galerkin Weighted Residual Method,the discrete form of wave equation in time-domain is established;With the software ABAQUS,adopting the finite element and infinite element coupled numerical method,the dynamical response of piles on horizontal seismic is calculated;Seismic wave response characteristics are analyzed in the pile-soil system in different situations of slenderness ratio,superstructure mass or interface between pile and soils.【Result】 The smaller the pile's slenderness ratio is,the bigger the pile's deformation is;The bigger the superstructure mass is,the bigger the inertial force and the effect of the top part of the pile is;The acceleration response of the pile with slippage and without cracks on pile-soil interface is significantly higher than the case without slippage and cracks.【Conclusion】 The factors such as pile's slenderness ratiois,superstructure mass and the behavior of interface between pile and soils all affect the horizontal response of pile in pile-soil system under horizontal seismic.So,in the future pile foundation aseismatic design,we can reasonably choose the design for the above factors according to the law of pile's lateral deformation,so as to improve the aseismatic performances of the pile and superstructure.
引文
[1]王立忠,柯瀚,陈云敏,等.地震荷载作用下水泥搅拌桩的动力响应[J].振动工程学报,1998,11(4):416-423.Wang L Z,Ke H,Chen Y M,et al.Seismic response of compos-ite foundation with CDMpiles[J].Journal of Vibration Engi-neering,1998,11(4):416-423.(in Chinese)
[2]刘毓氚,朱长歧,刘祖德.单桩承载性能的三维有限元无限元耦合分析[J].岩土工程,2000,21(3):275-277.Liu Y C,Zhu C Q,Liu Z D.3D FEM-UEMcoupling numericalanalysis on single pile bearing capability[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,2000,21(3):275-277.(in Chinese)
[3]王立忠,冯永正,柯瀚,等.瑞利波作用下成层地基中单桩横向振动[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(2):205-210.Wang L Z,Feng Y Z,Ke H,et al.Lateral dynamic response ofsingle pilein multiplelayers soil duringthe passage of Rayleighwaves[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2001,14(2):205-210.(in Chinese)
[4]蒋东旗,王立忠,陈云敏.远场地震引起的单桩横向位移和内力[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(2):174-178.Jiang D Q,Wang L Z,Chen Y M.Lateral displacement andin-ternal force of single pile induced by far-field earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,25(2):174-178.(in Chinese)
[5]徐自国,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):179-184.Xu Z G,Song E X.Finite element analysis for seismic responseof rigid pile composite foundations[J].Rock and Soil Mechan-ics,2004,25(2):179-184.(in Chinese)
[6]冯小娟,黄义,吴炳军.饱和土中桩对瑞利波的动力响应[J].地震研究,2007,30(1):64-71.Feng XJ,Huang Y,Wu B J.Dynamic response of pile to Ray-leigh wave in saturated soil[J].Journal of Seismological Re-search,2007,30(1):64-71.(in Chinese)
[7]Nogami T,Novak M.Soil-pile interaction in vertical vibration[J].Earth Eng&Stuct Dyn,1976,4:277-293.
[8]Mylonakis G,Gazetas G.Kinematic pile response to vertical P-wave seismic excitation[J].Geotech and Geoenv Eng,2002,128(10):860-867.
[9]Militano G,Rajapakse R K N D.Dynamic response of a pile inamulti-layered soil to transient torsional and axial loading[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(1):91-109.
[10]胡昌斌,王奎华,谢康和.考虑桩土耦合作用时弹性支承桩纵向振动特性分析及应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):146-154.Hu C B,Wang K H,Xie K H.Soil-pile interaction in verticalvibrations of a pile with elastic bottomboundaries andits ap-plications[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):146-154.(in Chinese)
[11]Makris N.Soil-pile interaction during the passage of Rayleighwaves:An analytical solution[J].Earthquake Eng&StructDyn,1994,23:153-163.
[12]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.Chen G X.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[13]王金昌,陈页开.ABAQUS在土木工程中的应用[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2006.Wang J C,Chen Y K.The application of ABAQUS on civil en-gineering[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[14]庄海洋,陈国兴,梁艳仙,等.土体动非线性黏弹性模型及其ABAQUS软件的实现[J].岩土力学,2007,28(3):436-442.Zhuang H Y,Chen G X,Liang Y X,et al.Adeveloped dynam-ic viscoelastic constitutive relations of soil andi mplemented byABAQUS software[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(3):436-442.(in chinese)
[15]庄茁,张帆,岺松,等.ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.Zhuang Z,Zhang F,Cen S,et al.ABAQUS non-linear finite-element analysis and case[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[2]刘毓氚,朱长歧,刘祖德.单桩承载性能的三维有限元无限元耦合分析[J].岩土工程,2000,21(3):275-277.Liu Y C,Zhu C Q,Liu Z D.3D FEM-UEMcoupling numericalanalysis on single pile bearing capability[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,2000,21(3):275-277.(in Chinese)
[3]王立忠,冯永正,柯瀚,等.瑞利波作用下成层地基中单桩横向振动[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(2):205-210.Wang L Z,Feng Y Z,Ke H,et al.Lateral dynamic response ofsingle pilein multiplelayers soil duringthe passage of Rayleighwaves[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2001,14(2):205-210.(in Chinese)
[4]蒋东旗,王立忠,陈云敏.远场地震引起的单桩横向位移和内力[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(2):174-178.Jiang D Q,Wang L Z,Chen Y M.Lateral displacement andin-ternal force of single pile induced by far-field earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,25(2):174-178.(in Chinese)
[5]徐自国,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):179-184.Xu Z G,Song E X.Finite element analysis for seismic responseof rigid pile composite foundations[J].Rock and Soil Mechan-ics,2004,25(2):179-184.(in Chinese)
[6]冯小娟,黄义,吴炳军.饱和土中桩对瑞利波的动力响应[J].地震研究,2007,30(1):64-71.Feng XJ,Huang Y,Wu B J.Dynamic response of pile to Ray-leigh wave in saturated soil[J].Journal of Seismological Re-search,2007,30(1):64-71.(in Chinese)
[7]Nogami T,Novak M.Soil-pile interaction in vertical vibration[J].Earth Eng&Stuct Dyn,1976,4:277-293.
[8]Mylonakis G,Gazetas G.Kinematic pile response to vertical P-wave seismic excitation[J].Geotech and Geoenv Eng,2002,128(10):860-867.
[9]Militano G,Rajapakse R K N D.Dynamic response of a pile inamulti-layered soil to transient torsional and axial loading[J].Geotechnique,1999,49(1):91-109.
[10]胡昌斌,王奎华,谢康和.考虑桩土耦合作用时弹性支承桩纵向振动特性分析及应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):146-154.Hu C B,Wang K H,Xie K H.Soil-pile interaction in verticalvibrations of a pile with elastic bottomboundaries andits ap-plications[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):146-154.(in Chinese)
[11]Makris N.Soil-pile interaction during the passage of Rayleighwaves:An analytical solution[J].Earthquake Eng&StructDyn,1994,23:153-163.
[12]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.Chen G X.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[13]王金昌,陈页开.ABAQUS在土木工程中的应用[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2006.Wang J C,Chen Y K.The application of ABAQUS on civil en-gineering[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[14]庄海洋,陈国兴,梁艳仙,等.土体动非线性黏弹性模型及其ABAQUS软件的实现[J].岩土力学,2007,28(3):436-442.Zhuang H Y,Chen G X,Liang Y X,et al.Adeveloped dynam-ic viscoelastic constitutive relations of soil andi mplemented byABAQUS software[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(3):436-442.(in chinese)
[15]庄茁,张帆,岺松,等.ABAQUS非线性有限元分析与实例[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.Zhuang Z,Zhang F,Cen S,et al.ABAQUS non-linear finite-element analysis and case[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.(in Chinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心