高层建筑围护结构地震破坏导致次生灾害的初步研究
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摘要
近年来,我国在众多城市的中心地区建设了很多高层和超高层建筑。这些建筑物出于建筑外观考虑,大量采用玻璃幕墙等围护结构。一旦因地震导致围护结构破坏脱落,可能会造成严重的次生灾害。结构层间位移角过大是导致建筑物围护结构破坏的主要原因。因此,该文认为当层间位移角超过破坏临界层间位移角1/300时,会有玻璃幕墙围护结构破坏,并以一定的初速度飞出。基于高层建筑弹塑性时程分析的结果,计算得出围护结构脱落可能导致的伤害范围,并建议其安全避难距离,其成果可供地震逃生及避难研究参考。
Many high-rise and super high-rise buildings have been constructed in the city centers of China.Due to the architecture requirement,glass curtain is widely used in high-rise buildings.If the glass curtain falls down from the high-rise building due to earthquake,serious secondary disaster may occur.The glass curtain damage is mainly induced by the large storey drift angle of a structure.In this paper,the glass curtain damage is considered when the storey drift angle exceeds the critical deformation,which is followed by the falling down of the fragments with a certain velocity.Based on the elasto-plastic time-history analysis results of a high-rise building,the injure range of glass curtain falling is predicted and the evacuation distance is suggested,which provides a reference for the earthquake evacuation research.
Many high-rise and super high-rise buildings have been constructed in the city centers of China.Due to the architecture requirement,glass curtain is widely used in high-rise buildings.If the glass curtain falls down from the high-rise building due to earthquake,serious secondary disaster may occur.The glass curtain damage is mainly induced by the large storey drift angle of a structure.In this paper,the glass curtain damage is considered when the storey drift angle exceeds the critical deformation,which is followed by the falling down of the fragments with a certain velocity.Based on the elasto-plastic time-history analysis results of a high-rise building,the injure range of glass curtain falling is predicted and the evacuation distance is suggested,which provides a reference for the earthquake evacuation research.
引文
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[3]Nagae Takuya,Fujitani Hideo,Fukuyama Kunio,KidoShirou.Performance of an exterior metal curtain wall inseismic responses of a high-rise building[J].AIJ Journalof Technology and Design,2010,16(33):535―540.
[4]JGJ102-2003,玻璃幕墙工程技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.JGJ102-2003,Technical code for glass curtain wallengineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture IndustryPress,2003.(in Chinese)
[5]CECS127:2001,点支式玻璃幕墙工程技术规程[S].北京:中国工程建设标准化协会,2001.CECS127:2001,Technical specification for pointsupported glass curtain wall[S].Beijing:ChinaAssociation for Engineering ConstructionStandardization,2001.(in Chinese)
[6]JGJ133-2001,金属与石材幕墙工程技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.JGJ133-2001,Technical code for metal and stone curtainwalls engineering[S].Beijing:China ArchitectureIndustry Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[7]GB50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB50011-2010,Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture Industry Press,2010.(inChinese)
[8]JGJ3-2010,高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.JGJ3-2010,Technical specification for concretestructures of tall building[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture Industry Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[9]马彩霞.铝合金玻璃幕墙抗震性能试验分析及分级标准探讨[J].宁夏工学院学报(自然科学版),1996,8(2):16―20.Ma Caixia.Seismic performance testing analysis andclassification criterion for aluminum-alloy framed glasscurtain walls[J].Journal of Ningxia Institute ofTechnical(Natural Science),1996,8(2):16―20.(inChinese)
[10]陆新征,叶列平,缪志伟.建筑抗震弹塑性分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:212―216.Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping,Miao Zhiwei.Elastic-plasticanalysis of buildings against earthquake[M].Beijing:China Architecture Industry Press,2009:212―216.(inChinese)
[11]GB50009-2001,建筑结构荷载规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB50009-2001,Load code for the design of buildingstructures[S].Beijing:China Architecture Industry Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[12]陈强华,王永娟.轻武器杀伤效能评估理论与计算[J].兵工自动化,2007,30(7):28―30.Chen Qianghua,Wang Yongjuan.Evaluation theory andcalculation of kill efficiency for small arms[J].OrdnanceIndustry Automation,2007,30(7):28―30.(in Chinese)
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