松辽盆地营城组火山机构-岩相带的地震响应
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摘要
松辽盆地徐家围子断陷多期次喷发的火山岩在纵向和横向上相互叠置,造成火山岩地震响应特征复杂,影响了对火山岩储层的地震预测精度和地质规律的认识.本文基于钻井和连片三维地震资料,结合区域构造认识,建立了徐家围子断陷营城组火山机构-岩相带的地震响应模式,并利用相干体和地层切片等属性分析技术实现了火山机构岩相带的空间识别.从火山口到远源相带火山岩体非均质性减弱,在三维相干体切片上表现为相干属性变化率的降低.研究区主要发育四种火山机构-岩相带,其地震响应特征分别为,①火山口穹窿多种岩相迭合相带:表现为杂乱反射带、自下而上呈放射状、围绕火山喷口厚度向外减薄、相干性强、剖面和平面形态多变;②近源爆发相与溢流相叠置相带:具有断续层状、中强振幅、低频反射特征,呈环带状围绕火口中心相带分布;③远源爆发相带:火山机构一侧具有上拱的板状外形,表现为楔形层状连续中强振幅反射特征;④远源火山沉积相带:具有板状外形,亚平行反射结构,能量较强和同相轴连续的响应特征.这些反射特征是火山作用喷出物堆积过程中,内部层结构和层形态呈规律性变化的地震表象.
The complex seismic response features of volcanic formation,that was caused by multistage volcanic eruption and superimposed in the vertical and horizontal directions,affect the reservoir accuracy of seismic prediction and the cognition of geological laws in Xujiaweizi depression.Based on drilling and 3D seismic data,combined with the regional tectonics,this article establishes the seismic response model and identifies the spatial distribution of the volcanic edifice-facies zone by the technology of coherence and formation slice attribution.From the vents to the distal facies the volcanic body heterogeneity weakens,the rate of change reduces gradually in the coherence cube slices.There are four types of volcanic facies seismic response in the research area.The first type is multi-facies supoimposed zone of dome crater which shows the characteristics of messy reflective band and bottom-up radial shape.It also has the features of thinning out around the volcanic vents,strong coherence,varied forms in profile and plan view. The second type is near-source superimposed eruption and overflow facies that has the reflection characteristics of intermittent layering,moderate-high amplitude,and low frequency.It is distributed in bands around the crater.The third type is distal eruption facies that has the reflection characteristics of continuously layered wedge and strong amplitude.It has the arch plate shape adjacent to the side of the volcanic body.The fourth type is distal volcanic sedimentary facies that has the reflection characteristics of plate shape,sub-parallel reflection configuration,strong energy continuous phase axis.
The complex seismic response features of volcanic formation,that was caused by multistage volcanic eruption and superimposed in the vertical and horizontal directions,affect the reservoir accuracy of seismic prediction and the cognition of geological laws in Xujiaweizi depression.Based on drilling and 3D seismic data,combined with the regional tectonics,this article establishes the seismic response model and identifies the spatial distribution of the volcanic edifice-facies zone by the technology of coherence and formation slice attribution.From the vents to the distal facies the volcanic body heterogeneity weakens,the rate of change reduces gradually in the coherence cube slices.There are four types of volcanic facies seismic response in the research area.The first type is multi-facies supoimposed zone of dome crater which shows the characteristics of messy reflective band and bottom-up radial shape.It also has the features of thinning out around the volcanic vents,strong coherence,varied forms in profile and plan view. The second type is near-source superimposed eruption and overflow facies that has the reflection characteristics of intermittent layering,moderate-high amplitude,and low frequency.It is distributed in bands around the crater.The third type is distal eruption facies that has the reflection characteristics of continuously layered wedge and strong amplitude.It has the arch plate shape adjacent to the side of the volcanic body.The fourth type is distal volcanic sedimentary facies that has the reflection characteristics of plate shape,sub-parallel reflection configuration,strong energy continuous phase axis.
引文
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[2] Wang P J,Chen F K,Chen S M et al.Geochemical and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic composition of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin.NE China.Geochemical Journal,2006,40(2) :149～159
[3] Wang P J,Ren Y G,Shan X L et al.The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China:relationship between volcanism and sedimentation.Geological Journal,2002,37(2) :97～115
[4] 冯志强.松辽盆地庆深大型气田的勘探前景.天然气工业.2006,26(6) :1～5 Feng Z Q.Exploration potential of large Qingshen gas field in the Songliao basin.Atural Gas Industry (in Chinese).2006,26(6) :1～5
[5] 冯子辉,印长海,齐景顺等.大型火山岩气田成藏控制因素研究-以松辽庆深气田为例.岩石学报,2010,26(1) :21～32 Feng Z H,Yin C H,Qin J S,et al.Main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in large volcanic gas fields:A case study of the Qinshen gas field in the songliao basin.Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),2010,26(1) :21～32
[6] 邱春光,王璞珺.试论盆地内火山岩地层发育的层序位置- 以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷为例.新疆石油天然气.2006,2(1) :13～18 Qiu C G,Wang P J.Prelimimary study on sequence s location of volcanic stratigraphy in sedimentary basin-an example from Xujiaweizi depression of Songliao basin.Xinjiang Oil & Gas (in Chinese).2006,2(1) :13～18
[7] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.松辽盆地火山岩相地震特征及其与控陷断裂的关系.吉林大学学报(地球科学板),2007,37(1) :73～78 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Seismic characters of volcanic facies and their distribution relation to deep faults in Songliao Basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(1) :73～78
[8] 唐华风,徐正顺,王璞珺等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组埋藏火山机构岩相定量模型及储层流动单元特征.吉林大学学报(地球科学板),2007,37(6) :1074～1082 Tang H F,Xu Z S,Wang P J,et al.Facies quantities model and characteristics of reservoirs flow unit of buried volcanic E-difice of Yingcheng formation in Songliao Basin,Cretaceous,NE China.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(6) :1074～1082
[9] 唐华风,庞彦明,边伟华等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组火山机构储层定量分析,石油学报,2008,29(6) :841～852 Tang H F,Pang Y M,Bian W H,et al.Quantitative analysis on reservoirs in volcanic edifice of Early Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2008,29(6) .841～852
[10] 张元高,陈树民,张尔华等.徐家围子断陷构造地质特征研究新进展.岩石学报,2010,26(1) :142～148 Zhang Y G,Chen S M,Zhang E H,et al.The new progress of Xujiaweizi Fault Depression characteristics of structural geology research.Acta Petrologica Sinica ( in Chinese),2010,26(1) :142～148
[11] 刘光鼎,张丽莉,祝靓谊.试论复杂地质体的油气地震勘探.地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :683～686 Liu G D,Zhu L L,Zhu L Y.Seismic prospecting for oil and gas on the complex geological bodies.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(3) :683～686
[12] 刘光鼎,祝靓谊.近期油气勘探地球物理的一些新进展.地球物理学进展,2003,18(3) :363～367 Liu G D,Zhu L Y.Latest proceeding of petroleum geophysics.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2003,18(3) :363～367
[13] 姜传金,陈树民,初丽兰等.徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩分布特征及火山喷发机制的新认识.岩石学报,2010,26(1) :63～72 Jiang C J,Chen S M,Chu L L,et al.A new understanding about the volcanic distribution characteristics and eruption mechanism of Yingchen formation in Xujiaweizi fault depression.Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),2010,26(1) :63～72
[14] 姜传金,冯肖宇,詹怡捷等.松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏勘探新技术.大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4) :133～137 Jiang C J,Feng X Y,Zhan Y J,et al.New methodology to explore gas-bearing volcanic reservoir in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression of the northern Songliao Basin.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing (in Chinese),2007,26(4) :133～137
[15] 任延广,齐景顺,董景海等.松辽盆地北部深层天然气地质特征及勘探方向.大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5) :28～32 Ren Y G,Qi J S,Dong J H,et al.Geologic features and exploratory direction of deep gas in the north of Songliao Basin.Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2009,28(5) :28～32
[16] 王璞珺,庞颜明,唐华风等.松辽盆地白垩系营城组古火山机构特征.吉林大学学报(地球科学板),2007,37(6) :1064～1073 Wang P J,Pang Y M,Tang H F,et al.The characteristics of the Palecrvolcanic edifice of Yingcheng formation,Cretaceous,Songliao basin.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2007,37(6) :1064～1073
[17] 王璞珺,印长海,朱如凯等.中基性火山作用喷出物类型、特征与成因.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(3) :469～481 Wang P I,Yin C H,Zhu R K,et al.Classification,description and interpretation of the volcanic products:ancient and modern examples from China.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2010,40(3) :469～481
[18] 唐华风,王璞珺,姜传金等.波形分类方法在松辽盆地火山岩相识别中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4) :440～444 Tang H F,Wang P J,Jiang C J,et al.Application of waveform classification to identify volcanic facies in Songliao basin.Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese),2007,42(4) :440～444
[19] 王璞珺,迟元林,刘万洙等.松辽盆地火山岩相:类型、特征和储层意义.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2003,33(4) :449～456 Wang P J,Chi Y L,Liu W Z et al.Volcanic facies of the Songliao Basin;classification,characteristics and reservoir Significance.Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),2003,33(4) :449～456
[20] 王璞珺,陈树民,刘万洙等.松辽盆地火山岩相与火山岩储层的关系.石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1) :18～27 Wang P J,Chen S M,Liu W Z,et al.Relationship between volcanic facies and volcanic reservoir in Songliao Basin.Oil & Gas Geology (in Chinese),2003,24(1) :18～27
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