地震波斜入射条件下重力坝动力响应分析
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摘要
为建立反映设计地震动的斜入射波场,将地表地震动时程分量分解为斜入射的平面SV波和平面P波,使其共同作用下在地表产生与设计地震动分量相同的响应,而其他方向响应为0,根据固体介质中波的传播理论,推导了斜入射波入射角度之间的关系,以及幅值与设计地震动分量的联系,通过采用平面波和远场散射波混合透射的应力人工边界条件,得到了反映设计地震动的地震波斜入射条件下的解析方式,以此为基础建立了时域计算分析模型。将该方法应用于某重力坝?地基动力相互作用分析,在不同地基刚度下与垂直入射的情况进行了比较,计算结果表明:地震波斜入射时对重力坝结构有明显的影响,尤其是坝-基交界面上,结构的动力响应要大于地震波垂直入射时结构的动力响应。该方法在均匀地基假设下构造了反映地表设计地震动特征的斜入射波系,斜入射波系在地表的响应具有非一致特征,同时该方法考虑了地基的辐射阻尼,可用于重大工程在地震动非一致输入下的动力响应分析。
Here,the time-domain calculating method for dynamic interaction between gravity dam and foundation object to obliquely incident and seismic waves was developed based on hypothesis of homogeneous foundation,in which both oblique plane SV wave and oblique plane P wave were input simultaneously at artificial boundary and produced similar seismic response to that of the design seismic component at surface of half space.According to theory of wave propagating in solid,both incidence angles and amplitudes of the oblique waves had deterministic relation.Taking the interaction between gravity dam and foundation as an example,its time-domain seismic response was calculated and analyzed.The preliminary results showed that obliquely incident and seismic waves have greater influence on the area near the interface of dam and foundation,where the dynamic response to obliquely incident and seismic waves is larger than that to vertically incident and seismic waves.The method took both design seismic component and radiation damping of foundation into account,and produced nonuniform motion at interface of dam and foundation,so it could be used to study dynamic response of a structure under nonuniform input.
Here,the time-domain calculating method for dynamic interaction between gravity dam and foundation object to obliquely incident and seismic waves was developed based on hypothesis of homogeneous foundation,in which both oblique plane SV wave and oblique plane P wave were input simultaneously at artificial boundary and produced similar seismic response to that of the design seismic component at surface of half space.According to theory of wave propagating in solid,both incidence angles and amplitudes of the oblique waves had deterministic relation.Taking the interaction between gravity dam and foundation as an example,its time-domain seismic response was calculated and analyzed.The preliminary results showed that obliquely incident and seismic waves have greater influence on the area near the interface of dam and foundation,where the dynamic response to obliquely incident and seismic waves is larger than that to vertically incident and seismic waves.The method took both design seismic component and radiation damping of foundation into account,and produced nonuniform motion at interface of dam and foundation,so it could be used to study dynamic response of a structure under nonuniform input.
引文
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[2]廖河山,陈清军,徐植信.SH波倾斜入射时土层的非线性响应分析[J].同济大学学报,1994,22(4):517-522.
[3]李山有,廖振鹏.地震体波斜入射情形下台阶地形引起的波型转换[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):9-15.
[4]李山有,马强,韦庆海.地震体波斜入射下的断层台阶地震响应分析[J].地震研究,2005,28(3):277-281.
[5]Heymsfield E.Two-dimensional scattering of SH waves in asoil layer underlain with a sloping bedrock[J].Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake Engineering,2000,19(7):489-500.
[6]杜修力,陈维,李亮,等.斜入射条件下地下结构时域地震响应分析初探[J].震灾防御技术,2007,2(3):290-296.
[7]王琴,陈隽,李杰.斜入射地震波作用下地下管线的地震响应分析[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2008,25(4):283-286.
[8]吴兆营.倾斜入射条件下土石坝最不利地震动输入研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2007.
[9]邱流潮,刘桦.混凝土坝-基岩地震动力相互作用时域有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(20):3713-3718.
[10]贺向丽,李同春.粘-弹性人工边界在重力坝动力分析中的应用[J].水电能源科学2006,24(1):30-32.
[11]杜修力,赵密.基于黏弹性边界的拱坝地震反应分析方法[J].水利学报,2006,37(9):1063-1069.
[12]杜修力,赵密,王进廷.近场波动模拟的一种应力人工边界[J].力学学报,2006,38(1):49-56.
[13]Deeks A J,Randolph M F.Axisymmetric time-domaintransmitting boundary[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1994,120(1):25-42.
[14]刘晶波,王振宇,杜修力,等.波动问题中的三维时域粘弹性人工边界[J].工程力学,2005,22(6):46-51.
[15]刘晶波,谷音,杜义欣.一致粘弹性人工边界及粘弹性边界单元[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(9):1070-1075.
[16]谷音,刘晶波,杜义欣.三维一致粘弹性人工边界及等效粘弹性边界单元[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):31-37.
[17]陈厚群.坝址地震动输入机制探讨[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1417-1423.
[18]黎在良,刘殿魁.固体中的波[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.202-214.
[19]陈厚群.混凝土高坝强震震例分析和启迪[J].水利学报,2009,40(1):10-18.
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