基于地震CT技术的冲击地压危险性评价模型
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摘要
运用地震波运动学理论,分析了地震波在"岩-煤-岩"特殊结构中的传播路径特征,结合现场实测数据统计结果,得出通过地震波走时CT技术,可利用回采工作面煤岩交界面的折射波对顶(底)板纵波波速进行成像,进而间接反映煤层性质。深入分析了地震波波速和地震波波速梯度与冲击地压危险性的相关性,以此为基础,初步建立了以地震波波速异常系数和地震波波速梯度系数为主要因子的冲击地压危险性评价模型。该模型基于地震CT技术对煤岩体纵波波速的成像数据,评价结论以二维图像形式表现。将该模型应用于新疆宽沟煤矿冲击地压工作面,评价结论与现场实际情况吻合性较好。
By using seismic wave kinematics theory,propagation path characteristics of seismic wave in the "rock-coal-rock" structure was analyzed.Combined with the statistical results of field test data,it was obtained that through seismic travel-time CT technology,roof or floor imaging can be acquired using refraction wave at the interface of coal and rock,and coal properties can be acquired indirectly.Correlation of the seismic wave velocity,seismic wave velocity gradient and rockburst hazard were analyzed.Grounded on the preceding analysis,rockburst hazard evaluation model was initially established,which contains two main factors:abnormal coefficient of seismic wave velocity and gradient coefficient of seismic wave velocity.The model was based on seismic imaging data of coal seam by seismic CT technology,and the evaluation conclusion can be shown as two-dimensional image.The model was applied in rock burst working face at Kuangou Coal Mine in Xinjiang Region.The result shows that the conclusion of evaluation coincides with the practical situation.
By using seismic wave kinematics theory,propagation path characteristics of seismic wave in the "rock-coal-rock" structure was analyzed.Combined with the statistical results of field test data,it was obtained that through seismic travel-time CT technology,roof or floor imaging can be acquired using refraction wave at the interface of coal and rock,and coal properties can be acquired indirectly.Correlation of the seismic wave velocity,seismic wave velocity gradient and rockburst hazard were analyzed.Grounded on the preceding analysis,rockburst hazard evaluation model was initially established,which contains two main factors:abnormal coefficient of seismic wave velocity and gradient coefficient of seismic wave velocity.The model was based on seismic imaging data of coal seam by seismic CT technology,and the evaluation conclusion can be shown as two-dimensional image.The model was applied in rock burst working face at Kuangou Coal Mine in Xinjiang Region.The result shows that the conclusion of evaluation coincides with the practical situation.
引文
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[14]潘俊锋,夏永学,王书文,等.基于冲击启动理论的冲击地压层次化预测及防治技术研究[R].北京:天地科技股份有限公司,2011.Pan Junfeng,Xia Yongxue,Wang Shuwen,et al.Study on hierarchi-cal prediction and prevention techniques of rock burst based on thetheory of rock burst starting[R].Beijing:Tiandi Science&Tech-nology Co.,Ltd.,2011.
[15]张宏伟.地质动力区划在煤与瓦斯突出区域预测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):621-624.Zhang Hongwei.Application of geo-dynamic division method in pre-diction of coal and gas outburst region[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(4):621-624.
[16]陆菜平,刘海顺,刘彪,等.深部高应力异常集中区冲击矿压动态防治实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):1985-1988.Lu Caiping,Liu Haishun,Liu Biao,et al.Practice of rockburst dy-namic prevention in deep high stress concentration district[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(12):1985-1988.
[17]齐诚,赵大鹏,陈颙,等.首都圈地区地壳P波和S波三维速度结构及其与大地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):805-815.Qi Cheng,Zhao Dapeng,Chen Yong,et al.3-D P and S wave ve-locity structures and their relationship to strong earthquakes in theChinese capital region[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2006,49(3):805-815.
[18]Lurka A.Bent ray tomographic imaging of seismic velocity and seis-mic velocity gradient in Zabrze Bielszowice coal mine for seismichazard assessment[A].4th Internaional Symposium on Green Min-ing[C].Luoyang,2011:1-8.
[2]齐庆新,窦林名.冲击地压理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008:32-38.Qi Qingxin,Dou Linming.Theory and technology of rockburst[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2008:32-38.
[3]蓝航,毛德兵,潘俊锋,等.冲击矿压综合防治技术体系及应用[J].煤矿开采,2011,16(3):119-124.Lan Hang,Mao Debing,Pan Junfeng,et al.Comprehensive rock-burst prevention technology system and its application[J].Coal Min-ing Technology,2011,16(3):119-124.
[4]张开智,夏均民.冲击危险性综合评价的变权识别模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(20):3480-3483.Zhang Kaizhi,Xia Junmin.Weight-variable identification model ofcomprehensive evaluation on burst liability of coal[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(20):3480-3483.
[5]王超.基于未确知测度理论的冲击地压危险性综合评价模型及应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.Wang Chao.Research of rockburst risk comprehensive evaluationmethod based unascertained measurement model and application[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2011.
[6]高峰,张志镇,高亚楠,等.基于盲数理论的冲击地压危险性评价模型[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(8):28-32.Gao Feng,Zhang Zhizhen,Gao Yanan,et al.Evaluation model ofrock burst risk in mining based on blind data theory[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(8):28-32.
[7]雷毅.冲击地压危险性评价模型及应用研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2005.Lei Yi.Study on establishment and application of hazard evaluationmodel for rock-burst[D].Beijing:China Coal Research Institute,2005.
[8]杨文采,李幼铭.应用地震层析成像[M].北京:地质出版社,1993.Yang Wencai,Li Youming.Applied seismic tomography[M].Bei-jing:Geological Publishing House,1993.
[9]腾学军,李首滨,王淑坤,等.冲击地压煤层层析成像方法的试验研究[R].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,1993.Teng Xuejun,Li Shoubin,Wang Shukun,et al.Experimental studyon tomography method of rock burst seam[R].Beijing:China CoalResearch Institute,1993.
[10]巩思园.矿震震动波波速层析成像原理及其预测煤矿冲击危险应用实践[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010:91-109.Gong Siyuan.Research and application of using mine tremor veloci-ty tomography to forecast rockburst danger in coal mine[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2010:91-109.
[11]彭苏萍,凌标灿,刘盛东.综采放顶工作面地震探测技术应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(12):1786-1790.Peng Suping,Ling Biaocan,Liu Shengdong.Application of seismictomography in longwall top-coal caving face[J].Chinese Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(12):1786-1790.
[12]Friedelt M J,Jackson M J,Williams E M,et al.Tomographic ima-ging of coal pillar conditions:observations and implications[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.,1996,33(3):279-290.
[13]韩放,纪洪广,张伟.单轴加卸荷过程中岩石声学特性及其与损伤因子关系[J].北京科技大学学报,2007,29(5):452-455.Han Fang,Ji Hongguang,Zhang Wei.Relationship between theacoustic characteristics and damage variable in the process of uni-axial loading and unloading[J].Journal of University of Scienceand Technology Beijing,2007,29(5):452-455.
[14]潘俊锋,夏永学,王书文,等.基于冲击启动理论的冲击地压层次化预测及防治技术研究[R].北京:天地科技股份有限公司,2011.Pan Junfeng,Xia Yongxue,Wang Shuwen,et al.Study on hierarchi-cal prediction and prevention techniques of rock burst based on thetheory of rock burst starting[R].Beijing:Tiandi Science&Tech-nology Co.,Ltd.,2011.
[15]张宏伟.地质动力区划在煤与瓦斯突出区域预测中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):621-624.Zhang Hongwei.Application of geo-dynamic division method in pre-diction of coal and gas outburst region[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2003,22(4):621-624.
[16]陆菜平,刘海顺,刘彪,等.深部高应力异常集中区冲击矿压动态防治实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):1985-1988.Lu Caiping,Liu Haishun,Liu Biao,et al.Practice of rockburst dy-namic prevention in deep high stress concentration district[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(12):1985-1988.
[17]齐诚,赵大鹏,陈颙,等.首都圈地区地壳P波和S波三维速度结构及其与大地震的关系[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):805-815.Qi Cheng,Zhao Dapeng,Chen Yong,et al.3-D P and S wave ve-locity structures and their relationship to strong earthquakes in theChinese capital region[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2006,49(3):805-815.
[18]Lurka A.Bent ray tomographic imaging of seismic velocity and seis-mic velocity gradient in Zabrze Bielszowice coal mine for seismichazard assessment[A].4th Internaional Symposium on Green Min-ing[C].Luoyang,2011:1-8.
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