复杂断块油藏地震精细描述技术研究——以胜利油田永3工区为例
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摘要
随着勘探开发的深入发展,断块型油气藏已经成为重要的勘探目标之一。由于此类油气藏地震资料信噪比低、勘探难度大,必须提高资料识别能力与描述精度。在研究地震方法原理的基础上,以胜利油田的永3工区为例,重点对相干体、曲率、基于旋转菱形的地震新属性、多尺度分析与RGB属性融合等技术方法进行了分析,实际应用取得了较好效果。研究结果表明:基于本征值的第3代相干属性较常规相干体有更高的抗噪比和分辨率,可以宏观反映断裂带的总体分布特征;众多曲率属性中,倾向、方位角和最大正曲率属性最能反映断层破碎带及低序级断层;基于旋转菱形的地震属性,可以精确描述断裂的发育方向,并且能够定量判识断层破碎带;将多属性融合、多尺度分析应用于复杂断块油藏的描述,可以挖掘、凸显地震的响应特征,更好地刻画断裂的空间分布特征。
With the deeping of petroleum exploration and development,the fault block reservoirs have become one of the important exploration targets.To this kind of subtle reservoir,we must rely on the effective seismic technology to improve the identification ability and description because of the low SNR of seismic data and difficulties in exploration.Based on researching the principle of seismic methods and taking Y3 Project Area in Shengli Oilfield as an example,this paper emphatically analyzes the coherence cube technology,curvature attribute,the method of seismic attributes extraction based on the rotating rhombus,multi-scale analysis technology and RGB multi-attribute fusion technology which are effective methods for fault block oil reservoir.And a good application result has been obtained.Study results show that the coherent attribute based on eigenvalue has higher resolution and stronger anti-noise performance than that by semblance and correlation method.We can get the overall distribution of faults through it.The curvature attributes such as dip,azimuth and the maximum positive curvature can reflect shattered fault zones and low level faults.By using the directional characteristic of the rhombic long diagonal,the extraction of seismic attributes based on rhombic rotating body can describe the directions of faults accurately and identify the shattered fault zones quantitatively.We can also get obvious seismic response and spatial distribution of faults with multi-attribute fusion and multi-scale analysis technology.
With the deeping of petroleum exploration and development,the fault block reservoirs have become one of the important exploration targets.To this kind of subtle reservoir,we must rely on the effective seismic technology to improve the identification ability and description because of the low SNR of seismic data and difficulties in exploration.Based on researching the principle of seismic methods and taking Y3 Project Area in Shengli Oilfield as an example,this paper emphatically analyzes the coherence cube technology,curvature attribute,the method of seismic attributes extraction based on the rotating rhombus,multi-scale analysis technology and RGB multi-attribute fusion technology which are effective methods for fault block oil reservoir.And a good application result has been obtained.Study results show that the coherent attribute based on eigenvalue has higher resolution and stronger anti-noise performance than that by semblance and correlation method.We can get the overall distribution of faults through it.The curvature attributes such as dip,azimuth and the maximum positive curvature can reflect shattered fault zones and low level faults.By using the directional characteristic of the rhombic long diagonal,the extraction of seismic attributes based on rhombic rotating body can describe the directions of faults accurately and identify the shattered fault zones quantitatively.We can also get obvious seismic response and spatial distribution of faults with multi-attribute fusion and multi-scale analysis technology.
引文
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[14]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure-based coherence computations as an aid to 3-D structural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[15]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to 3D interpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[16]Al-Dossary S,Marfurt K J.3D volumetric multispectral estimates of reflector curvature and rotation[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):41-51.
[2]钱志.永安镇油田永3断块油气成藏条件及主控因素[J].断块油气田,2011,18(1):59-61.
[3]王永刚,乐友喜,张军华.地震属性分析技术[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2007:69-74.
[4]李勤英,杨茜,刘忠亮.地震属性在高精度三维地震解释中的应用[J].断块油气田,2009,16(4):57-59.
[5]胡伟光.相干体技术在川东北油气勘探中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(3):260-264.
[6]靳玲,张本书,苏桂芝,等.相干体试验参数的选取[J].断块油气田,2005,12(2):24-27.
[7]苏爱芹,郑宇霞,魏广仁,等.复杂小断块综合研究技术[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):472-474.
[8]崔世凌,张军华,王伟,等.地震纹理属性在JJD工区断层识别中的应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2010,32(3):304-309.
[9]雷英成.倾角扫描地震纹理对比度属性研究及应用[J].断块油气田,2011,18(4):465-468.
[10]孔选林,唐建明,徐天吉.曲率属性在川西新场地区裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(5):517-520.
[11]Mallat S.Zero-crossings of a wavelet transform[J].IEEE Trans.,1991,37(4):1019-1033.
[12]Henderson J,Purves S J,Fisher G,et al.Delineation of geological elements from RGB color blending of seismic attribute volumes[J].The Leading Edge,2008,27(4):342-350.
[13]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L,Farmer S L,et al.3-D seismic attributes using a semblance-based coherency algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4):1150-1165.
[14]Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure-based coherence computations as an aid to 3-D structural and stratigraphic mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5):1468-1479.
[15]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to 3D interpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[16]Al-Dossary S,Marfurt K J.3D volumetric multispectral estimates of reflector curvature and rotation[J].Geophysics,2006,71(5):41-51.
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