液化场地地震反应的离散元数值模拟
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摘要
采用一个描述饱和砂土中固相颗粒和液相流体耦合的离散元数值模型,固相颗粒采用离散元的颗粒流理论(PFC)模拟,液相流体通过求解平均Navier-Stokes方程的计算流体动力学(CFD)技术计算。采用上述模型数值模拟了在地震荷载作用液化场地的加速度、剪应力、剪应变时程以及超孔隙水压力和土层表面位移的发展过程。数值模拟结果表明,采用的DEM模型可以用于液化场地的地震反应分析。
A fluid-particle coupled discrete element model was adopted to simulate the earthquake response of liquefiable site.Particles were simulated by PFC,while fluid was simulated by solving the average Navier-Stokes equations.The evolution of macro parameters were analyzed,such as acceleration,shear stress and shear strain.The accumulation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure and settlement of ground surface were also simulated with this method.The numerical results indicate that the adopted DEM model could simulate earthquake response for liquefiable site effectively.
A fluid-particle coupled discrete element model was adopted to simulate the earthquake response of liquefiable site.Particles were simulated by PFC,while fluid was simulated by solving the average Navier-Stokes equations.The evolution of macro parameters were analyzed,such as acceleration,shear stress and shear strain.The accumulation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure and settlement of ground surface were also simulated with this method.The numerical results indicate that the adopted DEM model could simulate earthquake response for liquefiable site effectively.
引文
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[5]Tsuji Y,Kawaguchi T,Tanaka T.Discrete particle simulation of two-dimensional fluidized bed[J].Powder Technology,1993,77:79-87.
[6]Itasca Consulting Group,Inc.PFC3D theory and background[M].Minnesota:2008.
[7]Potapov A Hunt M,Campbell C.Liquid-solid flows using smoothed particle hydrodynamics and the discrete element method[J].Powder Tech-nology.2001,116:204～213.
[8]Jackson R.Locally averaged equations of motion for a mixture of identical spherical particles and a Newtonian fluid[J].Chemical EngineeringScience,1997,52(15):2457-2469.
[9]Ergun S.Fluid flow through packed columns[J].Chemical Engineering Progress,1952,43(2):89-94.
[10]Wen C Y,Y u Y H.Mechanics of fluidization[J].Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series,1966,62(2):100-113.
[11]周健,姚志雄,张刚.砂土渗流过程的细观数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):977-981.
[12]Mazari M,Arulanandan K.Numerical prediction for model No1.In Arulananadan,Kand Scott,R,editors,Verification of numerical proceduresfor the analysis of soil liquefaction problems[C]∥Proceedings of the International Conference on the Verification of numerical procedures for theanalysis of soil liquefaction problems:179～785.Davis,California,1993.
[13]石兆吉,张延军,郁寿松.土层液化对地面运动特性的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1994,14(4):14-23.
[2]Lewis,R W,Schrefler B A.The finite element method in the deformation and consolidation of porous media[M].Wiley,New York,USA,1987.
[3]Zienkiewicz O C,Chan A HC,Pastor M,et al,Shiomi T.Computational geomechanics with special reference to earthquake engineering[M].Wiley:England,1998.
[4]刘洋,周健,付建新.饱和砂土流固耦合细观数值模型及其液化分析中的应用[J].水利学报,2009,40(2):250-256.
[5]Tsuji Y,Kawaguchi T,Tanaka T.Discrete particle simulation of two-dimensional fluidized bed[J].Powder Technology,1993,77:79-87.
[6]Itasca Consulting Group,Inc.PFC3D theory and background[M].Minnesota:2008.
[7]Potapov A Hunt M,Campbell C.Liquid-solid flows using smoothed particle hydrodynamics and the discrete element method[J].Powder Tech-nology.2001,116:204～213.
[8]Jackson R.Locally averaged equations of motion for a mixture of identical spherical particles and a Newtonian fluid[J].Chemical EngineeringScience,1997,52(15):2457-2469.
[9]Ergun S.Fluid flow through packed columns[J].Chemical Engineering Progress,1952,43(2):89-94.
[10]Wen C Y,Y u Y H.Mechanics of fluidization[J].Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series,1966,62(2):100-113.
[11]周健,姚志雄,张刚.砂土渗流过程的细观数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):977-981.
[12]Mazari M,Arulanandan K.Numerical prediction for model No1.In Arulananadan,Kand Scott,R,editors,Verification of numerical proceduresfor the analysis of soil liquefaction problems[C]∥Proceedings of the International Conference on the Verification of numerical procedures for theanalysis of soil liquefaction problems:179～785.Davis,California,1993.
[13]石兆吉,张延军,郁寿松.土层液化对地面运动特性的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,1994,14(4):14-23.
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