常摩擦TMD地震控制效果的理论和实验研究
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摘要
在TMD中采用摩擦阻尼代替传统的粘滞阻尼,可有效降低TMD的造价,从而促进其推广应用。但摩擦元件是非线性的,给摩擦TMD分析和设计造成了一定的困难。为了研究常摩擦TMD地震控制的特点和规律,文中采用时程分析法进行了简谐激励和地震激励下摩擦TMD对单自由度结构响应控制的理论分析;在理论分析结果的指导下,进行了单自由度主结构和摩擦TMD系统在简谐激励和地震激励下的振动台试验。理论分析和试验结果表明:除了频率比和质量比的影响,摩擦TMD的控制效果和摩擦力大小、激励幅值有关,只要参数设置合适,其控制效果是令人满意的;在设计摩擦TMD时要针对激励大小、目标控制效率进行具体分析。
Replacing traditional viscous damping with friction damping TMD can reduce self cost and improve its application to real projects.However,friction element is non-linear,which makes the analysis and design of friction TMD difficult.The seismic control effectiveness of friction TMD is analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the control effectiveness of friction TMD is influenced by the magnitude of friction force and amplitude of excitation except for the affection of frequency ratio and mass ratio.With only adopting proper parameters,friction TMD can achieve satisfying control effectiveness.When designing friction TMD,the parameters should be determined according to magnitude of excitation and desired control effectiveness.
Replacing traditional viscous damping with friction damping TMD can reduce self cost and improve its application to real projects.However,friction element is non-linear,which makes the analysis and design of friction TMD difficult.The seismic control effectiveness of friction TMD is analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the control effectiveness of friction TMD is influenced by the magnitude of friction force and amplitude of excitation except for the affection of frequency ratio and mass ratio.With only adopting proper parameters,friction TMD can achieve satisfying control effectiveness.When designing friction TMD,the parameters should be determined according to magnitude of excitation and desired control effectiveness.
引文
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[2]徐家云,雷静雅.小高层建筑中屋顶花园TMD的振动控制作用[J].自然灾害学报,2005,14(4):45-48.XU Jiayun,LEI Jingya.Vibration control effect of roof garden with a TMD in mid-rise building[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2005,14(4):45-48.
[3]刘刚亮,王中文,刘宏波,等.应用大型TMD抑制崖大桥RC桥搭的抖振响应[J].世界地震工程,2002,18(2):48:55.LIU Gangliang,WANG Zhongwen,LIU Hongbo,et al.Applied TMD to suppressing buffeting response of RC pylon tower on Yamen cable-stayedbringe[J].World Earthquake Eengineering,2002,18(2):48-55.
[4]汤统壁,周云,杨波.摩擦耗能能器的类型与性能及其在实际工程中的应用[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(1):47-55.TANG Tongbi,ZHOU Yun,YANG Bo.Types and performance of friction dampers and their engineering applications[J].World Earthquake Engi-neering,2008,24(1):47-55.
[5]田志昌,钱稼茹.作为动力消振器的滑动屋盖系统[J].工程力学,2002,19(1):29-34.TIAN Zhichang,QIAN Jiaru.Sliding roof system-a vibration absorber for buildings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2002,19(1):29-34.
[6]钱稼茹,田志昌.滑动屋盖摩擦控制系统的振动台实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):121-125.QIAN Jiaru,TIAN Zhichang.Shaking table experiment research on sliding-roof friction TMD system[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2002,22(4):121-125.
[7]田志昌,张黎明.干摩擦在调谐质量阻尼器系统中的应用[J].工程抗震,2000,22(1):21-23.TIAN Zhicang,ZHANG Liming.Application of friction in passive tuned mass damper[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,2000,22(1):21-23.
[8]白鸿柏,张培林,黄协清.干摩擦动力吸振器简谐激励响应计算的最优化方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2000,19(3):45-47.BAI Hongbo,ZHANG Peilin,HUANG Xieqing.Study on the response computation method of a two degrees-of-freedom vibration absorber systemwith variable coefficient of sliding friction using optimum approximate technique[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2000,19(3):45-47.
[9]文明.干摩擦抗振性能及控制方法的研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文,2003.WEN Ming.Research on characteristics and control methods of dry friction system[D].Northwestern Polytechnical University,2003.
[10]爱德华.L.威尔逊.结构静力与动力分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006.Edward L.Wilson.Static and dynamic analysis of structure[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2006.
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