变压器及套管隔震体系地震反应及隔震层参数分析
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摘要
国内外震害表明,变压器在地震中的破坏型式多样,易损性极高。隔震技术是一项能够有效降低地震反应的新型抗震技术,而变压器及套管隔震层的设计和参数选择与普通结构有较大的差异。首先,建立了大型电力变压器及套管隔震体系的多质点分析模型,采用Matlab软件编写计算程序,分别输入人工地震波和Taft地震波,对变压器及套管隔震体系的地震响应进行分析;最后,开展了隔震层等效水平刚度、等效阻尼比、双线性恢复力模型的屈服剪力系数及屈服后刚度等参数的地震响应影响分析。分析结果表明:合理设计变压器及套管隔震体系的隔震层参数,可有效降低变压器及套管的地震响应;另外,通过隔震层的参数分析,得到了相关参数的合理取值范围。该研究对今后变压器及套管隔震体系的设计具有参考与指导作用。
Seismic damage data and experience in power transformers at home and abroad indicate that transformers will have various forms of destruction and expose high vulnerability during the earthquake.Seismic isolation is a new technology which can effectively reduce seismic response for structure.But there is a large difference between the seismic isolation system of transformers with bushings(SISTB) and the system with general structure in terms of isolation layer design and parameters selection.Firstly,a multi-mass analysis model of SISTB was established and the calculation program was compiled with Matlab software.Then,by inputting artificial and Taft seismic wave,earthquake responses of SISTB were analyzed.Lastly,seismic response effect analysis was carried out with respect to parameters of the isolation layer such as equivalent level stiffness,equivalent damp ratio,yield-shearing force coefficient and yield stiffness.The research shows that the seismic isolation technology is very effective to reduce seismic response of transformers and bushings as long as isolation layer parameters of SISTB are rationally defined.In addition,the rational range of parameters of the isolation layer of SISTB was acquired.In conclusion,researches mentioned above play a reference and guidance role in seismic isolation design for power transformers and bushings in the future.
Seismic damage data and experience in power transformers at home and abroad indicate that transformers will have various forms of destruction and expose high vulnerability during the earthquake.Seismic isolation is a new technology which can effectively reduce seismic response for structure.But there is a large difference between the seismic isolation system of transformers with bushings(SISTB) and the system with general structure in terms of isolation layer design and parameters selection.Firstly,a multi-mass analysis model of SISTB was established and the calculation program was compiled with Matlab software.Then,by inputting artificial and Taft seismic wave,earthquake responses of SISTB were analyzed.Lastly,seismic response effect analysis was carried out with respect to parameters of the isolation layer such as equivalent level stiffness,equivalent damp ratio,yield-shearing force coefficient and yield stiffness.The research shows that the seismic isolation technology is very effective to reduce seismic response of transformers and bushings as long as isolation layer parameters of SISTB are rationally defined.In addition,the rational range of parameters of the isolation layer of SISTB was acquired.In conclusion,researches mentioned above play a reference and guidance role in seismic isolation design for power transformers and bushings in the future.
引文
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[20]刘季宇,罗俊雄,卢睿芃,等.隔震供电变压器之耐震试验与系统识别[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):109-116.Liu Jiyu,Luo Junxiong,Lu Ruifan,et al.Experiment andsystem identification of base-isolated electric powertransformers[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringViabration,2001,21(4):109-116(in Chinese).
[2]于永清,李光范,李鹏,等.四川电网汶川地震电力设施受灾调研分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):1-6.Yu Yongqing,Li Guangfan,Li Peng,et al.Investigationand analysis of electric equipment damage in Sichuanpower grid caused by Wenchuan earthquake[J].PowerSystem Technology,2008,32(11):1-6(in Chinese).
[3]周世平.5.12汶川大地震变压器损坏情况分析[J].湖北电力,2008,32(4):1-4.Zhou Shiping.Transformer damage analysis in the 5.12Wenchuan earthquake[J].Hubei Electric Power,2008,32(4):1-4(in Chinese).
[4]甘艳,陈鹏云,王成智.地震灾害下变压器的损毁情况及对策研究[J].华中电力,2009,22(3):14-17.Gan Yan,Chen Pengyun,Wang Chengzhi.Study on theseismic effects on the transformer[J].Middle ChinaElectric Power,2009,22(3):14-17(in Chinese).
[5]谢强,朱瑞元,屈文俊.汶川地震中500kV大型变压器震害机制分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(3):221-226.Xie Qiang,Zhu Ruiyuan,Qu Wenjun.Analysis on seismicfailure mechanism of 500 kV high-power transformerduring Wenchuan earthquake[J].Power SystemTechnology,2011,35(3):221-226(in Chinese).
[6]曹枚根,周福霖,谭平,等.大型电力变压器及套管振动台抗震试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(11):122-129.Cao Meigen,Zhou Fulin,Tan Ping,et al.Shaking tabletest on seismic performance of large power transformerwith bushings[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(11):122-129(in Chinese).
[7]曹枚根.大型电力变压器及套管体系抗震性能及隔减震技术研究[D].广州:广州大学,2011.Cao Meigen.Research on seismic performance andIsolation mitigation techniques of large power transformerand bushing system[D].Guangzhou:GuangzhouUniversity,2011(in Chinese).
[8]曹枚根,范荣全,李世平,等.大型电力变压器及套管隔震体系的设计与应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(12):130-135.Cao Meigen,Fan Rongquan,Li ShiPing,et al.Designand application of seismic isolation system of large powertransformer and bushings system[J].Power SystemTechnology,2011,35(12):130-135(in Chinese).
[9]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:29-65.Zhou Fulin.Engineering structural vibration control[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1997:29-65(in Chinese).
[10]谢强,王亚非.软母线连接变电站电气设备的地震响应分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(34):86-92.Xie Qiang,Wang Yafei.Seismic response analysis ofsubstation equipment interconnected by flexible bus[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(34):86-92(inChinese).
[11]谢强,王亚非.软母线连接电气设备地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(4):112-118.Xie Qiang,Wang Yafei.Shake-table test on earthquakesimulation of substation equipment interconnected byflexible bus[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,314(4):112-118(in Chinese).
[12]黄永林.设备隔震设计[M].北京:地震出版社,2006:10-35.Huang Yonglin.Equipment isolation design[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2006:10-35(in Chinese).
[13]IEEE.IEEE recommended practice for seismic design ofsubstations[S].New York:Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers,2005.
[14]Murota N,Feng M Q,Liu G Y.Earthquake simulatortesting of base-isolated power transformers[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(3):1291-1299.
[15]Murota N,Feng M Q,Liu G Y.Experimental andanalytical studies of base isolation systems for seismicprotection of power transformers[R].Buffalo:Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake EngineeringResearch,2005.
[16]Saadeghvaziri M A,Feizi B,Kempner L,et al.On seismicresponse of substation equipment and application of baseisolation to transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on PowerDelivery,2010,25(1):177-186.
[17]唐友刚.高等结构动力学[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2002:31-49.Tang Yougang.Adavance structural dynamics[M].Tianjin:Tianjin University Press,2002:31-49(inChinese).
[18]Clough R W,Penzien J.Dynamics of structures[M].2nd.Singapore:International Editions,1993:169-198.
[19]麦敬波.复合隔震体系研究[D].广州:广州大学,2006.Mai Jingbo.Research of composite isolation system[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou University,2006(in Chinese).
[20]刘季宇,罗俊雄,卢睿芃,等.隔震供电变压器之耐震试验与系统识别[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):109-116.Liu Jiyu,Luo Junxiong,Lu Ruifan,et al.Experiment andsystem identification of base-isolated electric powertransformers[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringViabration,2001,21(4):109-116(in Chinese).
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