汶川地震昭化古城历史建筑震损调查与分析
|
摘要
基于汶川地震后昭化古城210处历史建筑震害调研,对古城木结构、生土结构、石结构历史建筑进行了震损统计与机理分析。昭化古城93.8%的历史建筑为木结构,多采用穿斗木承重构架与竹编夹泥围护墙的结构形式,在汶川地震中表现出了良好的抗震性能。木结构历史建筑的震损形式主要有榫卯连接破坏、木柱折断、柱脚滑移等,土结构历史建筑震损形式主要有承重生土墙的开裂或垮塌、掉瓦、屋架倾斜等,石结构门楼历史建筑共计三处均为轻微破坏,震损形式主要有雉堞震损、拱券开裂及边缘城墙震裂或局部倒塌。
According to the investigation on seismic damage of 210 historic structures caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake in Zhaohua Ancient City,seismic damage statistics and mechanism analysis of the historic timber structure,the historic raw soil structure and the historic stone structure are conducted in this paper.In the 210 historic structures,the historic timber structures account for 93.8%,and they are mostly composed of Chuandou timber load-bearing frame and the bamboo-wattle and daub wall,the seismic performance of which turns to be good in the Wenchuan Earthquake.The failure modes of the timber structures are mainly the tenon pullout or tenon break-off,the pillar break-off,the pedestal slip,etc.As to the historic raw soil structure,seismic damage turns to be the damage of the load-bearing raw soil wall,the falling of the tiles,the destruction of the roof.etc.In the Wenchuan Earthquake,the historic stone structures are all suffered minor damage,the seismic damage forms of which can be concluded into the crenellation damage,the arch cracking and the edge of the defensive wall cracking or partial collapse.
According to the investigation on seismic damage of 210 historic structures caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake in Zhaohua Ancient City,seismic damage statistics and mechanism analysis of the historic timber structure,the historic raw soil structure and the historic stone structure are conducted in this paper.In the 210 historic structures,the historic timber structures account for 93.8%,and they are mostly composed of Chuandou timber load-bearing frame and the bamboo-wattle and daub wall,the seismic performance of which turns to be good in the Wenchuan Earthquake.The failure modes of the timber structures are mainly the tenon pullout or tenon break-off,the pillar break-off,the pedestal slip,etc.As to the historic raw soil structure,seismic damage turns to be the damage of the load-bearing raw soil wall,the falling of the tiles,the destruction of the roof.etc.In the Wenchuan Earthquake,the historic stone structures are all suffered minor damage,the seismic damage forms of which can be concluded into the crenellation damage,the arch cracking and the edge of the defensive wall cracking or partial collapse.
引文
[1]上海同济城市规划设计研究院.四川广元昭化古城修建性详细规划[M].国家历史文化名城研究中心,2006Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute.Detailed Planning on Construction of Zhaohua AncientCity,Guangyuan,Sichuan[M].The National Historicand Cultural City Research Centre,2006(in Chinese)
[2]阮仪三.四川广元昭化镇灾后考察-国家历史文化名城研究中心历史街区调研[J].城市规划,2008,(8):6Ruan Yi-san.The Investigation of Zhaohua,Guangyuan,Sichuan after Earthquake—The NationalHistoric and Cultural City Research Centre and HistoricBlock Research[J].City Planning,2008,(8):6(inChinese)
[3]GB/T24335-2009,建(构)筑物地震破坏等级划分[S]GB/T 24335-2009,Classification of Earthquake Damageto Buildings and Special Structures[S](in Chinese)
[4]罗靓,刘本玉,牛钲昊.木结构建筑的结构体系及抗震性能研究[J].工业建筑,2010,40(S1):121～127Luo Liang,Liu Ben-yu,Niu Zheng-hao.Research onthe Structural System and the Anti-seismic Behavior ofTimber Buildings[J].Industrial Construction,2010,40(S1):121～127(in Chinese)
[5]苏军,高大峰.中国木结构古建筑抗震性能的研究[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(3):239～244Su Jun,Gao Da-feng.Study on the Seismic Performanceof Chinese Ancient Timber Structure[J].NorthwesternSeismological Journal,2008,30(3):239～244(inChinese)
[2]阮仪三.四川广元昭化镇灾后考察-国家历史文化名城研究中心历史街区调研[J].城市规划,2008,(8):6Ruan Yi-san.The Investigation of Zhaohua,Guangyuan,Sichuan after Earthquake—The NationalHistoric and Cultural City Research Centre and HistoricBlock Research[J].City Planning,2008,(8):6(inChinese)
[3]GB/T24335-2009,建(构)筑物地震破坏等级划分[S]GB/T 24335-2009,Classification of Earthquake Damageto Buildings and Special Structures[S](in Chinese)
[4]罗靓,刘本玉,牛钲昊.木结构建筑的结构体系及抗震性能研究[J].工业建筑,2010,40(S1):121～127Luo Liang,Liu Ben-yu,Niu Zheng-hao.Research onthe Structural System and the Anti-seismic Behavior ofTimber Buildings[J].Industrial Construction,2010,40(S1):121～127(in Chinese)
[5]苏军,高大峰.中国木结构古建筑抗震性能的研究[J].西北地震学报,2008,30(3):239～244Su Jun,Gao Da-feng.Study on the Seismic Performanceof Chinese Ancient Timber Structure[J].NorthwesternSeismological Journal,2008,30(3):239～244(inChinese)
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心