基于HHT方法的煤矿巷道掘进爆破地震波信号分析
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摘要
采用HHT方法和EMD分解对煤矿巷道掘进爆破地震波信号的频谱特征、能量分布进行了研究。结果表明:掘进爆破振动的主振频率在100～250 Hz范围内,而主要能量集中在160～260 Hz,在0～160 Hz频带范围内能量小、且分布较为均匀。由于采用微差爆破,与质点振动的幅值相对应,振动的能量主要集中在0.25 s～0.31 s、0.35 s～0.4 s两个时间段,瞬时能量存在四个峰值,瞬时能量最大的是崩落眼装药起爆。并结合研究成果,从爆破能量控制的角度提出了降低爆破地震效应的对策。
The frequency spectrum characteristics and energy distribution of blasting seismic wave signal in coalmine roadway excavation were studied by using the HHT method and EMD decomposition.The results show that: the master frequency of roadway excavation blasting is in the range of 100 Hz to 250 Hz,and the main energy concentrates in the range of 160 to 260 Hz.The energy in the range of 0 to 160 Hz is weak and distributed uniformly.As regards millisecond blasting,corresponding to particle vibration,the vibration energy mainly concentrates in two time periods: 0.25 s to 0.31 s and 0.35 s to 0.4 s,and there appear four instantaneous peaks,among them the largest instantaneous energy is caused by charge of caving holes.Countermeasures for blasting seismic effect reduction were given from the view angle of blasting energy control.
The frequency spectrum characteristics and energy distribution of blasting seismic wave signal in coalmine roadway excavation were studied by using the HHT method and EMD decomposition.The results show that: the master frequency of roadway excavation blasting is in the range of 100 Hz to 250 Hz,and the main energy concentrates in the range of 160 to 260 Hz.The energy in the range of 0 to 160 Hz is weak and distributed uniformly.As regards millisecond blasting,corresponding to particle vibration,the vibration energy mainly concentrates in two time periods: 0.25 s to 0.31 s and 0.35 s to 0.4 s,and there appear four instantaneous peaks,among them the largest instantaneous energy is caused by charge of caving holes.Countermeasures for blasting seismic effect reduction were given from the view angle of blasting energy control.
引文
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[13]徐飞,任庆峰,宗琦.煤矿井下巷道掘进爆破振动监测与分析[J].煤矿爆破,2010,91(4):9–11.XU Fei,REN Qing-feng,ZONG Qi.Monitoring and analysisof blasting vibration in mine roadway digging[J].Coal MineBlasting,2010,91(4):9-11.
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[15]徐颖,孙勇.硬岩爆破掘进对直角拐弯后巷道围岩中质点振速衰减规律的研究[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2009,23(1):15–18.XU Ying,SUN Yong.Research of the vibration velocityattenuation law of the particle in wall rock bursting where hardrock tunneling advances rectangularly[J].Journal ofUniversity of South China(Science and Technology,2009,23(1):15-18.
[16]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical modedecomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear andnonstationary time series analysis[J].Proceedings of theRoyal Society of London,Series A,1998,454:903-995.
[2]宗琦,汪海波,周胜兵.爆破地震效应的监测和控制技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):938-945.ZONG Qi,WANG Hai-bo,ZHOU Sheng-bing.Research onmonitoring and controlling techniques considering effects ofseismic shock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2008,27(5):938-945.
[3]赵明生,张建华,易长平.基于小波分解的爆破振动信号RSPWVD二次型时频分析[J]振动与冲击,2011,30(2):44-47.ZHAO Ming-sheng,ZHANG Jian-hua,YI Chang-ping.Blasting vibration signal RSPWVD quadratic time-frequencyanalysis based on wavelet decomposition[J].Journal ofVibration and Shock,2011,30(2):44-47.
[4]李洪涛,杨兴国,舒大强,等.不同爆源形式的爆破地震能量分布特征[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(1):30-34.LI Hong-tao,YANG Xing-guo,SHU Da-qiang,et al.Study onenergy distribution characteristics of seismic waves induced bydifferent forms of blasting resource[J].Journal of SichuanUniversity:Engineering Science,2010,42(1):30-34.
[5]傅洪贤,赵勇,谢晋水,等.隧道爆破近区爆破振动测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):335-340.FU Hong-xian,ZHAO Yong,XIE Jin-shui,et al.Study ofblasting vibration test of area near tunnel blasting source[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):335-340.
[6]钟冬望,吴亮,余刚.邻近隧道掘进爆破对既有隧道的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(5):456-462.ZHONG Dong-wang,WU Liang,YU Gang.Effect oftunneling blasting on an existing adjacent tunnel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(5):456-462.
[7]卢文波,李海波,陈明,等.水电工程爆破振动安全判据及应用中的几个关键问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1513-1520.LU Wen-bo,LI Hai-bo,CHEN Ming,et al.Safety criteria ofblasting vibration in hydropower engineering and several keyproblems in their application[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1513-1520.
[8]蒋复量,周科平,邓红卫,等.基于小波理论的井下深孔爆破振动信号辨识与能量衰减规律分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增2):396–400.JIANG Fu-liang,ZHOU Ke-ping,DENG Hong-wei,et al.Theunderground mine s deep-hole blasting vibration signalsidentification and energy attenuation law s analysis based onwavelet theory[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(supple2):396-400.
[9]蒋楠,郑晓硕,张磊,等.采矿爆破振动对巷道围岩影响的数值模拟研究[J].工程爆破,2010,16(3):21–24.JIANG Nan,ZHENG Xiao-shuo,ZHANG Lei,et al.Numerical simulation study about the effect of mining blastingvibration on tunnel surrounding rock[J].EngineeringBlasting,2010,16(3):21-24.
[10]史秀志,曾志林,田建军,等.深井开采爆破对巷道影响的数值模拟分析[J].工程爆破,2010,16(2):10-14.SHI Xiu-zhi,ZENG Zhi-lin,TIAN Jian-jun,et al.Numericalsimulation and analysis of influence of deep mining blastingon roadway[J].Engineering Blasting,2010,16(2):10-14.
[11]谢雄刚,冯涛,杨军伟,等.爆破地震效应激发煤与瓦斯突出的监测分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(2):255-259.XIE Xiong-gang,FENG Tao,YANG Jun-wei,et al.Monitoringanalysis of blasting shock effect motivating coal and gasoutburst[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(2):255-259.
[12]张平松,刘盛东.工作面爆破振动对硐室稳定性的影响[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):208-211.ZHANG Ping-song,LIU Sheng-dong.Effect of explosivequake in working face on stability of laneway in coal mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(2):208-211.
[13]徐飞,任庆峰,宗琦.煤矿井下巷道掘进爆破振动监测与分析[J].煤矿爆破,2010,91(4):9–11.XU Fei,REN Qing-feng,ZONG Qi.Monitoring and analysisof blasting vibration in mine roadway digging[J].Coal MineBlasting,2010,91(4):9-11.
[14]汪海波.岩巷掘进爆破地震效应及围岩稳定性影响研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2008.
[15]徐颖,孙勇.硬岩爆破掘进对直角拐弯后巷道围岩中质点振速衰减规律的研究[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2009,23(1):15–18.XU Ying,SUN Yong.Research of the vibration velocityattenuation law of the particle in wall rock bursting where hardrock tunneling advances rectangularly[J].Journal ofUniversity of South China(Science and Technology,2009,23(1):15-18.
[16]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical modedecomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear andnonstationary time series analysis[J].Proceedings of theRoyal Society of London,Series A,1998,454:903-995.
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