腐蚀海底管线悬跨段的地震响应分析
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摘要
由于海底管线会因为各种各样的原因出现悬跨段,悬跨段的受力较为复杂,包括海流和波浪的水动力、管线内压、温度以及地震荷载和其他一些突发荷载等,所以需要加强对管线悬跨管段的动力响应研究。另外现役的海底管线有很多已达到了其设计正常使用年限,出现了不同程度的问题,而腐蚀是导致管线损坏的主要原因。目前对完好管线悬跨段的研究已进行了很长一段时间,而关于腐蚀管线悬跨段的研究还较少,针对这种情况,该文对完好海底管线悬跨段进行了试验和有限元分析,分析表明:试验和模拟得到的基频和加速度放大系数沿轴线的变化趋势一致,ABAQUS能够准确地模拟悬跨管线的地震响应问题。同时,对腐蚀管线悬跨段的固有频率、加速度放大系数和最大加速度沿轴线的变化规律进行了有限元分析。研究表明:腐蚀位置、腐蚀厚度、腐蚀长度和腐蚀宽度对上述方面都会产生不同的影响,且腐蚀宽度的变化对管线动力响应影响最大。
A submarine pipeline wouldappearsuspended span segments because its complex stress states such as the action of water currents and waves,pipeline pressure,temperature,seismic loading and other sudden loads.This is why its dynamic response analysis should bestrengthened.At the same time,there are many submarine pipelines,which are working right now,and theyhad reached their design working lives.This kind of submarine pipeline might have many problems.The main reason leading to pipeline damage is the corrosion.At present,the researches about the intact pipeline suspended span segments have been studied for a long time,while there is little analysis for corroded pipeline suspended span segments.According to the research status,the experiment and finite element analysis of intact submarine pipeline suspended span segment are performed.The analysesshow thatthe variationtrendsof the fundamentalfrequency and acceleration amplification coefficient along the axisobtained from experiment and simulation are coincident,andthe seismic response of the pipeline suspended spancan be simulated accurately by ABAQUS.Meanwhile,the changerulesof natural frequency,the acceleration amplification coefficient,and the maximum acceleration along the axis of corroded pipeline suspended span segmentsare analyzed,based on the finiteelementsoftware.Our studies show that the factors which can affectabove aspects such as the changerulesof natural frequency,the corrosion position,corrosion thickness,corrosion length and corrosion width,and that the influenceof corrosion width on pipeline seismic response is the biggest.
A submarine pipeline wouldappearsuspended span segments because its complex stress states such as the action of water currents and waves,pipeline pressure,temperature,seismic loading and other sudden loads.This is why its dynamic response analysis should bestrengthened.At the same time,there are many submarine pipelines,which are working right now,and theyhad reached their design working lives.This kind of submarine pipeline might have many problems.The main reason leading to pipeline damage is the corrosion.At present,the researches about the intact pipeline suspended span segments have been studied for a long time,while there is little analysis for corroded pipeline suspended span segments.According to the research status,the experiment and finite element analysis of intact submarine pipeline suspended span segment are performed.The analysesshow thatthe variationtrendsof the fundamentalfrequency and acceleration amplification coefficient along the axisobtained from experiment and simulation are coincident,andthe seismic response of the pipeline suspended spancan be simulated accurately by ABAQUS.Meanwhile,the changerulesof natural frequency,the acceleration amplification coefficient,and the maximum acceleration along the axis of corroded pipeline suspended span segmentsare analyzed,based on the finiteelementsoftware.Our studies show that the factors which can affectabove aspects such as the changerulesof natural frequency,the corrosion position,corrosion thickness,corrosion length and corrosion width,and that the influenceof corrosion width on pipeline seismic response is the biggest.
引文
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[9]李明高.基于水动力模型的海底悬跨管道地震反应分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.Li Minggao.Seismic response analysis of free spanningsubmarine pipelines based on hydrodynamic force modelsuitable for earthquake[D].Dalian:DalianUniversity ofTechnology,2010.(in Chinese)
[10]GB50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011-2010,Code for seismic design of building[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010.(inChinese)
[2]夏兰廷,黄桂桥,张三平,等.金属材料的海洋腐蚀与防护[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:25―40.Xia Lanting,Huang Guiqiao,Zhang Sanping,et al.Marine corrosion and protection of metal materials[M].Beijing:Metallurgy Industry Press,2003:25―40.(inChinese)
[3]Aronsen K H,Larsen C M.Hydrodynamic coefficientsfor in-line vortex induced vibrations[C]//Proceedings ofthe 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanicsand Arctic Engineering 2007,ASME(COR),2007,3:949―956.
[4]孟昭瑛,杨树耕,王仲捷.水下管道涡激振动的实验研究[J].水力学报,1994,7:43―50.MengZhaoying,Yang Shugeng,Wang Zhongjie.Anexperimental study on vortex-excited vibration ofsubwater pipeline[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994,7:43―50.(in Chinese)
[5]余建星,罗延生,方华灿.海底管线管跨段涡激振动响应的实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):93―97.Yu Jianxing,LuoYansheng,Fang Huacan.A test study ondynamic response of submarine pipeline spans[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(4):93―97.(in Chinese)
[6]Datta T K,Mashaly E A.Transverse response of offshorepipelines to random ground motion[J].EarthquakeEngineering&Structural Dynamics,1990,19(2):217―228.
[7]周晶,李昕,马恒春,等.地震时海底悬跨管道动力特性试验研究[J].水利学报,2003(1):12―16.Zhou Jing,Li Xin,Ma Hengchun,et al.Experimentstudy on dynamic characteristics of free spanningsubmarine pipelines due to earthquake[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2003(1):12―16.(in Chinese)
[8]董汝博,周晶,冯新.部分悬跨海底管道多点输入地震反应分析[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):146―151.Dong Rubo,Zhou Jing,FengXin.Multi-input seismicanalysis of partly spanning submarine pipelines[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(2):146―151.(in Chinese)
[9]李明高.基于水动力模型的海底悬跨管道地震反应分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.Li Minggao.Seismic response analysis of free spanningsubmarine pipelines based on hydrodynamic force modelsuitable for earthquake[D].Dalian:DalianUniversity ofTechnology,2010.(in Chinese)
[10]GB50011-2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011-2010,Code for seismic design of building[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010.(inChinese)
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