地震作用下软母线连接的变电站设备建模与分析
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摘要
由于软母线的牵拉作用,强地震作用下软母线连接的变电站设备将产生强烈的相互作用。将变电站设备简化为具有一定抗侧移刚度的单自由度体系,软母线简化为变刚度的弹簧,并根据悬索理论求得变刚度弹簧的等效刚度,建立了软母线连接电气设备耦联体系单跨结构的动力学模型,采用Newmark-β法结合牛顿迭代对其进行数值求解。通过对其结构特征以及设备参数的分析发现:软母线中张力刚度随水平跨度呈非线性增长,耦联体系的特征频率受单体设备的自振频率、质量比值及软母线等效刚度的影响。在地震作用下,存在一个关键垂跨比,当软母线的垂跨比小于此关键垂跨比时,母线中产生的水平拉力较大,且设备的地震响应受设备的频率比影响较大。在进行软母线连接的变电站设备的抗震设计时,必须考虑关键垂跨比的影响。
Because of the pull effect of flexible bus,strong interaction exists in substation equipment interconnected by flexible bus during severe earthquake. The substation equipment was simplified as a single degree of freedom system with lateral stiffness,and the flexible bus was simplified as a spring with variable stiffness. The effective stiffness of the spring was obtained according to the suspension theory. Then a kinetic model of single span structure was built for the electrical coupling equipment interconnected by flexible bus,and solved by using the Newmark-β method combined with Newton iteration. Through the analysis of the structural features and equipment parameters,it shows that the tension stiffness of flexible bus has a nonlinear growth with horizontal span,and the characteristic frequency of coupling system is influenced by the natural frequency of standalong equipment,the quality ratio and the effective stiffness of flexible bus. It is found that there is a critical rise-span ratio under seismic action. When the rise-span ratio of flexible bus is smaller than the critical ratio,large tension generates in the bus,and the seismic response of equipment is greatly influenced by equipment frequency. So during the seismic design of substation equipment interconnected by flexible bus,the influence of critical risespan ratio must be considered.
Because of the pull effect of flexible bus,strong interaction exists in substation equipment interconnected by flexible bus during severe earthquake. The substation equipment was simplified as a single degree of freedom system with lateral stiffness,and the flexible bus was simplified as a spring with variable stiffness. The effective stiffness of the spring was obtained according to the suspension theory. Then a kinetic model of single span structure was built for the electrical coupling equipment interconnected by flexible bus,and solved by using the Newmark-β method combined with Newton iteration. Through the analysis of the structural features and equipment parameters,it shows that the tension stiffness of flexible bus has a nonlinear growth with horizontal span,and the characteristic frequency of coupling system is influenced by the natural frequency of standalong equipment,the quality ratio and the effective stiffness of flexible bus. It is found that there is a critical rise-span ratio under seismic action. When the rise-span ratio of flexible bus is smaller than the critical ratio,large tension generates in the bus,and the seismic response of equipment is greatly influenced by equipment frequency. So during the seismic design of substation equipment interconnected by flexible bus,the influence of critical risespan ratio must be considered.
引文
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[9]Bhuyan G S,Zhai E,Ghalibafian H,et al.Seismic behavior of flexible conductors connecting substation equipment,part I:static and dynamic properties of individual components[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(4):1673-1677.
[10]Dastous J B,Paquin J Y.Testing and development of alternative flexible-bus geometries for interconnected substation equipment subjected to earthquakes[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):772-780.
[11]Ghalibafian H,Bhuyan G S,Ventura C,et al.Seismic behavior of flexible conductors connecting substation equipment,part II:shake table test[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(4):1680-1687.
[12]谢强,王亚非.软母线连接变电站电气设备的地震响应分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(34):86-92.
[13]KiureghianA D,Sackman J L,Hong K J.Interaction in interconnected electrical substation equipment subjected to earthquake ground motions[R].California,USA:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,1999.
[14]Kiureghian A D,Sackman J L,Hong K J.Seismic interaction in linearly connected electrical substation equipment[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30(3):327-347.
[15]Hong K J,Kiureghian A D,Sackman J L.Seismic interaction in cable-connected equipment items[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2001,(127):1096-1105.
[16]Mohammadi R K,Nikfar F,Akrami V.Estimation of required slack for conductors connecting substation equipment subjected to earthquake[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.2012,27(2):709-717.
[17]俞载道.结构动力学基础[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1985:45-59.
[18]沈世钊,徐崇宝,赵臣,等.悬索结构设计[M].2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:89-91.
[2]谢强,王亚非.软母线连接电气设备地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(4):112-118.
[3]于永清,李光范,李鹏,等.四川电网汶川地震电力设施受灾调研分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(11):1-6.
[4]Xie Qiang,Zhu Ruiyuan.Damage to electric power grid infrastructure caused by natural disasters in China[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2011,9(2):28-36.
[5]Schiff A.Lessons from the 1994 Northridge Earthquake in California[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2011,9(2):46-51.
[6]贺海磊,郭剑波,谢强.电气设备的地震灾害易损性分析[J].电网技术,2011,35(4):25-28.
[7]刘季宇.变电所设备及其耐震性能研究之回顾[R].台北:国家地震工程研究中心,2007.
[8]谢强,朱瑞元,周勇,等.220 kV隔离开关地震模拟振动台实验[J].电网技术,2012,36(9):262-267.
[9]Bhuyan G S,Zhai E,Ghalibafian H,et al.Seismic behavior of flexible conductors connecting substation equipment,part I:static and dynamic properties of individual components[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(4):1673-1677.
[10]Dastous J B,Paquin J Y.Testing and development of alternative flexible-bus geometries for interconnected substation equipment subjected to earthquakes[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2003,18(3):772-780.
[11]Ghalibafian H,Bhuyan G S,Ventura C,et al.Seismic behavior of flexible conductors connecting substation equipment,part II:shake table test[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2004,19(4):1680-1687.
[12]谢强,王亚非.软母线连接变电站电气设备的地震响应分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(34):86-92.
[13]KiureghianA D,Sackman J L,Hong K J.Interaction in interconnected electrical substation equipment subjected to earthquake ground motions[R].California,USA:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,1999.
[14]Kiureghian A D,Sackman J L,Hong K J.Seismic interaction in linearly connected electrical substation equipment[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30(3):327-347.
[15]Hong K J,Kiureghian A D,Sackman J L.Seismic interaction in cable-connected equipment items[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2001,(127):1096-1105.
[16]Mohammadi R K,Nikfar F,Akrami V.Estimation of required slack for conductors connecting substation equipment subjected to earthquake[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.2012,27(2):709-717.
[17]俞载道.结构动力学基础[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1985:45-59.
[18]沈世钊,徐崇宝,赵臣,等.悬索结构设计[M].2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006:89-91.
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