水力压裂井中微地震监测资料处理与解释
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摘要
微地震监测是一项用于检测注水压裂效果,进行油藏动态监测的方法。对微地震有效事件的识别与定位是进行有效、快速监测的关键因素。对水力压裂微地震监测资料的处理主要步骤有预处理、滤波、有效微地震事件拾取以及微地震震源定位等。介绍了针对井中微地震监测资料的具体处理步骤与方法,并应用于实际监测的水力压裂微地震资料中,利用数据处理结果分析压裂施工的效果。微地震震源裂缝的产生数量、位置分布与注水压裂的施工过程以及油藏压裂效果密切相关,通过分析不同时段的裂缝发育情况,可以了解压裂前缘的分布,从而为进一步调整油藏方案提供依据。
Microseismic monitoring is a technique used in detecting the hydraulic fracturing effects and monitoring the reservoir dy namic. The identification and location of valid microseismic events are the key factors to the effective and rapid monitoring. The main steps of the hydraulic fracturing microseismic monitoring data contain pre-processing, filtering, detecting of valid microseis mic events and locating of microseismic source. Herein, the specific processing steps and methods for well microseismic data moni tored are introduced and applied to the actual monitoring of hydraulic fracturing microseismic data to analyze the fracturing effects by using the data processing results. The number and distribution of microseismic source fractures have closely relation with the hy draulic fracturing procedure and the reservoir fracturing effects. By analyzing the fractures development in different periods, the fracturing front distribution can be understood and then provides the basis for the further reservoir solution adjustments.
Microseismic monitoring is a technique used in detecting the hydraulic fracturing effects and monitoring the reservoir dy namic. The identification and location of valid microseismic events are the key factors to the effective and rapid monitoring. The main steps of the hydraulic fracturing microseismic monitoring data contain pre-processing, filtering, detecting of valid microseis mic events and locating of microseismic source. Herein, the specific processing steps and methods for well microseismic data moni tored are introduced and applied to the actual monitoring of hydraulic fracturing microseismic data to analyze the fracturing effects by using the data processing results. The number and distribution of microseismic source fractures have closely relation with the hy draulic fracturing procedure and the reservoir fracturing effects. By analyzing the fractures development in different periods, the fracturing front distribution can be understood and then provides the basis for the further reservoir solution adjustments.
引文
[1]梁兵,朱广生.油气田勘探开发中的微地震监测方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
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[3]李雪,赵志红,荣军委.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测测试技术与应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(3):43-45.
[4]Kanasewich E R.Time sequence analysis in geophysics[M].Uni versity of Alberta Press,Edmonton,1981.
[5]Chen Zuolin.A multi-window algorithm for automatic picking of microseismic event on 3-C data[J].SEG/Houston 2005 Annual Meeting:1288-1291.
[6]Leonard M,Kennett B L N.Multi-component autoregressive techniques for the analysis of seismograms[J].physics of the Earth and planetary Interiors,1999,113(1-4):247-264.
[7]王海军,靳平,刘忠贵,等.区域震相初至估计[J].西北地震学报,2003,25(4):298-303.
[8]宋维琪,吕世超.基于小波分解与Akaike信息准则的微地震初至拾取方法[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):14-21.
[9]Ulrich Zimmer.Location of microseismic event using head waves and direct waves[J].80th SEG Denver 2010 Annual Meeting,2010:2196-2200.
[10]Aster RC,J S Scott.Comprehensive characterization of wave form similarity in large microearthquake data sets[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1993,83:1307-1314.
[11]宋维琪,刘军,陈伟.改进射线追踪算法的微震源反演[J].物探与化探,2008,32(3):275-277.
[12]宋维琪,杨晓东.解域约束下的微地震事件网格搜索法、遗传算法联合反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):259-266.
[2]宋维琪,陈泽东,毛中华.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测技术[M].北京:中国石油大学出版社,2008.
[3]李雪,赵志红,荣军委.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测测试技术与应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(3):43-45.
[4]Kanasewich E R.Time sequence analysis in geophysics[M].Uni versity of Alberta Press,Edmonton,1981.
[5]Chen Zuolin.A multi-window algorithm for automatic picking of microseismic event on 3-C data[J].SEG/Houston 2005 Annual Meeting:1288-1291.
[6]Leonard M,Kennett B L N.Multi-component autoregressive techniques for the analysis of seismograms[J].physics of the Earth and planetary Interiors,1999,113(1-4):247-264.
[7]王海军,靳平,刘忠贵,等.区域震相初至估计[J].西北地震学报,2003,25(4):298-303.
[8]宋维琪,吕世超.基于小波分解与Akaike信息准则的微地震初至拾取方法[J].石油物探,2011,50(1):14-21.
[9]Ulrich Zimmer.Location of microseismic event using head waves and direct waves[J].80th SEG Denver 2010 Annual Meeting,2010:2196-2200.
[10]Aster RC,J S Scott.Comprehensive characterization of wave form similarity in large microearthquake data sets[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1993,83:1307-1314.
[11]宋维琪,刘军,陈伟.改进射线追踪算法的微震源反演[J].物探与化探,2008,32(3):275-277.
[12]宋维琪,杨晓东.解域约束下的微地震事件网格搜索法、遗传算法联合反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):259-266.
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