地震作用下复合地基-筏板-上部结构相互作用体系的动力弹塑性分析
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摘要
基于复合地基-上部结构相互作用的静力分析已取得一定的研究成果,但其在动力荷载作用下,特别是地震作用下的动力响应却相当匮乏。首先借助有关试验通过ABAQUS和EERA的模拟分析,验证了基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则的弹塑性模型能较好地反映土体非线性动力特性以及采用有限元与无限元耦合的方法对土体无限边界的模拟。在此基础上,针对实际问题建立了刚性桩复合地基-筏板-上部结构体系整体有限元模型,对其进行动力弹塑性时程分析,并讨论了该复合地基与桩基对地震响应的差异。深入研究了不同强度地震作用下,刚性桩复合地基的工作机制,包括桩体、褥垫层、筏板的动力响应以及上部结构的地震反应和抗震性能。结果表明,小震时褥垫层基本没有减震效果,大震时复合地基的抗震性能优于桩基。地震越强烈,减震效果越明显,但作用有限,减震系数一般在0.8以上,可为工程实践提供参考。
Some results of static analysis considering the interaction between superstructure and composite foundation are obtained.However,the research on the response under dynamic loading,especially under earthquake loading,is very inadequate.Via relevant tests,ABAQUS are verified by comparison with EERA.The results show that the elastoplastic constitutive model based on Drucker-Prager yield criterion and the method of finite element and infinite element coupling can adequately simulate the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of soil and the infinite boundary.To the actual problem,the whole finite element model of rigid pile composite foundation-raft-superstructure system is established.And dynamic elastoplastic time-history analysis is made;the differences between rigid pile composite foundation and pile foundation in seismic response are analyzed.The seismic mechanism of rigid pile composite foundation,including the dynamic responses of piles,cushion and raft,is studied under different earthquake intensities;and the earthquake response and seismic performance of superstructure are analyzed deeply.It is shown that cushion has no damping effect almost under minor earthquake;rigid pile composite foundation is superior in seismic performance to pile foundation under major earthquake.The stronger earthquake is,the better damping effect is.But it is limited,the damping coefficient is over 0.8 generally.The results can provide references to engineering practice.
Some results of static analysis considering the interaction between superstructure and composite foundation are obtained.However,the research on the response under dynamic loading,especially under earthquake loading,is very inadequate.Via relevant tests,ABAQUS are verified by comparison with EERA.The results show that the elastoplastic constitutive model based on Drucker-Prager yield criterion and the method of finite element and infinite element coupling can adequately simulate the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of soil and the infinite boundary.To the actual problem,the whole finite element model of rigid pile composite foundation-raft-superstructure system is established.And dynamic elastoplastic time-history analysis is made;the differences between rigid pile composite foundation and pile foundation in seismic response are analyzed.The seismic mechanism of rigid pile composite foundation,including the dynamic responses of piles,cushion and raft,is studied under different earthquake intensities;and the earthquake response and seismic performance of superstructure are analyzed deeply.It is shown that cushion has no damping effect almost under minor earthquake;rigid pile composite foundation is superior in seismic performance to pile foundation under major earthquake.The stronger earthquake is,the better damping effect is.But it is limited,the damping coefficient is over 0.8 generally.The results can provide references to engineering practice.
引文
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[14]楼梦麟,陈清军.侧向边界对桩基地震反应影响的研究[R].上海:同济大学结构理论研究所,1997.
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[17]蔡袁强,凌道盛,周迪永,等.非线性分层地基地面运动反演分析[J].振动工程学报,2000,13(3):106-112.CAI Yuan-qiang,LING Dao-sheng,ZHOU Di-yong,et al.Inverse calculational analysis of ground motion innon-linear layered soil[J].Journal of VibrationEngineering,2000,13(3):106-112.
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[19]刘立平.水平地震作用下桩-土-上部结构弹塑性动力相互作用分析[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[20]杨庆,栾茂田,崇金著,等.混凝土底板与碎石垫层室内水平抗滑试验研究[J].工程勘察,1999,(6):5-8.YANG Qing,LUAN Mao-tian,CHONG Jin-zhu,et al.Indoor model test of shear sliding between concrete boardand soil cushion[J].Geotechnical Investigation andSurveying,1999,(6):5-8.
[21]刘稚媛.砂垫层减震性能研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2003.
[2]张伟丽,蔡健,林奕禧,等.水泥土搅拌桩复合地基荷载传递机理的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(6):116-121.ZHANG Wei-li,CAI Jian,LIN Yi-xi,et al.Experimental study of the load transfer mechanism of cement-soil pilecomposite foundation[J].China Civil EngineeringJournal,2010,43(6):116-121.
[3]杨光华,李德吉,官大庶.刚性桩复合地基优化设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(4):818-825YANG Guang-hua,LI De-ji,GUAN Da-shu.Optimationdesign of rigid pile composite foundation[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(4):818-825.
[4]武思宇,宋二祥,刘华北,等.刚性桩复合地基的振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(11):1334-1337.WU Si-yu,SONG Er-xiang,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Shakingtable test of composite foundation with rigid pile[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(11):1334-1337.
[5]武思宇,宋二祥,刘华北,等.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的振动台试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(1):77-82.WU Si-yu,SONG Er-xiang,LIU Hua-bei,et al.Shakingtable tests study on aseismic behavior of rigid pilecomposite foundation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(1):77-82.
[6]刘光磊,武思宇,宋二祥.群桩刚性桩复合地基地震反应三维有限元分析[J].建筑结构,2006,36(7):85-88.LIU Guang-lei,WU Si-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Earthquakeresponse of rigid pile composite foundation analyzed with3D dynamic finite element method[J].BuildingStructure,2006,36(7):85-88.
[7]鲍鹏,苏彩丽,张利伟.基于时程分析法的刚性桩复合地基地震响应分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(增刊2):486-489.BAO Peng,SU Cai-li,ZHANG Li-wei.Seismic responseof rigid pile composite foundation based on time historyanalysis method[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2011,33(Supp.2):486-489.
[8]屠毓敏,俞亚南.刚性桩复合地基水平承载力特性[J].岩土力学,2007,28(11):2329-2332.TU Yu-min,YU Ya-nan.Characteristics of horizontalbearing capacity of rigid pile composite foundation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11):2329-2332.
[9]胡再强,王军星,刘兰兰,等.褥垫层作用下复合地基抗震性能有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增刊):587-592.HU Zai-qiang,WANG Jun-xing,LIU Lan-lan,et al.Finite element analysis of seismic behavior of compositefoundation with bedding cushion[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2008,29(Supp.):587-592.
[10]徐自国,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能的有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):179-183.XU Zi-guo,SONG Er-xiang.Finite element analysis forseismic response of rigid pile composite foundations[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):179-183.
[11]武思宇,宋二祥.刚性桩复合地基地震反应机理分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):787-792.WU Si-yu,SONG Er-xiang.Mechanism analysis ofearthquake responses of rigid pile compositefoundation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):787-792.
[12]夏栋舟,何益斌,刘建华.刚性桩复合地基-上部结构动力相互作用体系抗震性能及影响因素分析[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3505-3511.XIA Dong-zhou,HE Yi-bin,LIU Jian-hua.Analysis ofaseismic capability and influential factors for rigid pilecomposite foundation-superstructure dynamic interactionsystem[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3505-3511.
[13]费康,张健伟.ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010.
[14]楼梦麟,陈清军.侧向边界对桩基地震反应影响的研究[R].上海:同济大学结构理论研究所,1997.
[15]苏彩丽.刚性桩复合地基抗震性能研究[D].开封:河南大学,2010.
[16]阴光华,陈清军.地震波反演与土-结构动力相互作用分析[J].力学季刊,2010,31(2):256-264.YIN Guang-hua,CHEN Qing-jun.Inversion of groundmotion and analysis of soil-structure dynamicinteraction[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2010,31(2):256-264.
[17]蔡袁强,凌道盛,周迪永,等.非线性分层地基地面运动反演分析[J].振动工程学报,2000,13(3):106-112.CAI Yuan-qiang,LING Dao-sheng,ZHOU Di-yong,et al.Inverse calculational analysis of ground motion innon-linear layered soil[J].Journal of VibrationEngineering,2000,13(3):106-112.
[18]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB50011-2010建设抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[19]刘立平.水平地震作用下桩-土-上部结构弹塑性动力相互作用分析[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[20]杨庆,栾茂田,崇金著,等.混凝土底板与碎石垫层室内水平抗滑试验研究[J].工程勘察,1999,(6):5-8.YANG Qing,LUAN Mao-tian,CHONG Jin-zhu,et al.Indoor model test of shear sliding between concrete boardand soil cushion[J].Geotechnical Investigation andSurveying,1999,(6):5-8.
[21]刘稚媛.砂垫层减震性能研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2003.
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