汶川地震局部地形对地震动的影响
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摘要
关于局部地形对地震动的影响,一直是地震工程学的研究热点。选取汶川地震中自贡地形台有强震记录的山脊地形和典型地震灾害的北川县城河谷地形进行了强震观测记录、规范方法和数值模拟下的地形放大效应分析,结果表明:(1)规范法基本上可满足一般工程场地的要求;(2)对人员密集居住的高度大于60 m的较陡地形,建议应进行二维(三维)数值模拟下的地形效应分析。这为规范的修订提供了一些基础资料。
The influence of local topography on the seismic ground motion has been the hot spot of the earthquake engineering.Selecting the ridge topography with Wenchuan earthquake strong motion records in Zigong topographic array and Beichuan county river valley with typical earthquake disaster,this article analyzes the topographic amplification effect through earthquake observation records,code specifications and numerical simulation.Results show that:(1) Code specifications could basically meet the requirements of general project sites;(2) two-dimensional or three-dimensional numerical simulation should be performed on densely populated area higher than 60m and steep topography for topographic effect analysis.The conclusions could provide some basic data for code specification amendment.
The influence of local topography on the seismic ground motion has been the hot spot of the earthquake engineering.Selecting the ridge topography with Wenchuan earthquake strong motion records in Zigong topographic array and Beichuan county river valley with typical earthquake disaster,this article analyzes the topographic amplification effect through earthquake observation records,code specifications and numerical simulation.Results show that:(1) Code specifications could basically meet the requirements of general project sites;(2) two-dimensional or three-dimensional numerical simulation should be performed on densely populated area higher than 60m and steep topography for topographic effect analysis.The conclusions could provide some basic data for code specification amendment.
引文
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[9]王海云,谢礼立.自贡市西山公园地形对地震动的影响[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(7):1631-1638.WANG Haiyun,XIE Lili.Effects of topography on ground motion in the Xishan park,Zigong city[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2010,53(7):1631-1638.(in Chinese)
[10]杨宇.场地地震波动模拟中透射边界稳定性问题研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2011.ZHOU Guoliang.Study on Stability Problems of Local Transmitting Boundary in Wave Simulation of Site Seismic Effect[D].Beijing:Institute ofGeophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2011.(in Chinese)
[11]杨涛,邓荣贵,何强.自贡地区第四系地层动力特性及地震反应分析[J].路基工程,2003,106(1):3-9.YANG Tao,DENG Guirong,HE Qiang.Dynamics features and seismic response evaluation of fourthly series stratum at Ziliujing-Gongjing area[J].Subgrade Engineering,2003,106(1):3-9.(in Chinese)
[12]刘颖,谢君斐,石兆吉.砂土震动液化[M].北京:地震出版社,1984.LIU Ying,XIE Junfei,SHI Zahoji.Sandy Soil Vibration Liquefication[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1984.(in Chinese)
[13]张建毅,陈龙伟,孙锐,等.地铁结构地震横向应变传递简化计算方法[J].世界地震工程,2010,30(S1):133-139.ZHANG Jianyi,CHEN Longwei,SUN Rui,et al.Simplified method for calculating seismic lateral strain transform of subway structures[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(S1):133-139.(in Chinese)
[14]薄景山,迟宝明.场地条件科学考察烈度异常组工作报告[R].北京:地震出版社,2008.BO Jingshan,CHI Baoming.Site Conditions Scientific Expedition Intensity Unusual Group Work Report[R].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[15]四川赛斯特科技有限公司.绵阳市城区地震小区划报告[R].成都:四川科技出版社,2007.Sichuan SaiSi Tetechnique Limited Company.Mianyang City Earthquake Microzonation Report[R].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and TechnologyPress,2007.(in Chinese)
[2]薄景山,李秀领,李山有.场地条件对地震动影响研究的若干进展[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(2):11-15.BO Jingshan,LIU Xiuling,LI Shanyou.Some progress of study on the effect of site conditions on ground motion[J].World Earthquake Engineer-ing,2003,19(2):11-15.(in Chinese)
[3]刘晶波.局部不规则地形对地震地面运动的影响[J].地震学报,1996,18(2):239-245.LIU Jingbo.Effect of under local irregular topography on seismic ground motion[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1996,18(2):239-245.(in Chi-nese)
[4]景立平,卓旭炀,王祥建.复杂场地条件对地震波传播的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(6):16-23.JING Liping,ZHUO Xuyang,WANG Xiangjian.Effect of complex site on seismic wave propagation[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2005,25(6):16-23.(in Chinese)
[5]杨柏坡,陈庆彬.显式中心差分有限单元法在复杂场地地震反应分析中的应用[J].地震研究,1992,5(1):70-79.YANG Baipo,CHEN Qingbin.An explicit central difference finite element method and its application to the analysis of seismic response[J].Jour-nal of Seismology Research,1992,5(1):70-79.(in Chinese)
[6]王伟.地震动的山体地形效应研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2011.WANG Wei.Effects of Topography on the Ground Motion[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2011.(in Chinese)
[7]周国良.河谷地形对多支撑大跨桥梁地震反应影响[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2010.ZHOU Guoliang.Canyon Topography Effects on Seismic Response of Multi-support Bridges[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]杨柏坡,陈庆彬,袁一凡.地震小区划中复杂场地影响的修正方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1991,11(4):19-28.YANG Baipo,CHEN Qingbin,YUAN Yifan.Analysis of two-dimensional complicated sites and its application to microzonation[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1991,11(4):19-28.(in Chinese)
[9]王海云,谢礼立.自贡市西山公园地形对地震动的影响[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(7):1631-1638.WANG Haiyun,XIE Lili.Effects of topography on ground motion in the Xishan park,Zigong city[J].Chinese Journal Geophysics,2010,53(7):1631-1638.(in Chinese)
[10]杨宇.场地地震波动模拟中透射边界稳定性问题研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2011.ZHOU Guoliang.Study on Stability Problems of Local Transmitting Boundary in Wave Simulation of Site Seismic Effect[D].Beijing:Institute ofGeophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2011.(in Chinese)
[11]杨涛,邓荣贵,何强.自贡地区第四系地层动力特性及地震反应分析[J].路基工程,2003,106(1):3-9.YANG Tao,DENG Guirong,HE Qiang.Dynamics features and seismic response evaluation of fourthly series stratum at Ziliujing-Gongjing area[J].Subgrade Engineering,2003,106(1):3-9.(in Chinese)
[12]刘颖,谢君斐,石兆吉.砂土震动液化[M].北京:地震出版社,1984.LIU Ying,XIE Junfei,SHI Zahoji.Sandy Soil Vibration Liquefication[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1984.(in Chinese)
[13]张建毅,陈龙伟,孙锐,等.地铁结构地震横向应变传递简化计算方法[J].世界地震工程,2010,30(S1):133-139.ZHANG Jianyi,CHEN Longwei,SUN Rui,et al.Simplified method for calculating seismic lateral strain transform of subway structures[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,30(S1):133-139.(in Chinese)
[14]薄景山,迟宝明.场地条件科学考察烈度异常组工作报告[R].北京:地震出版社,2008.BO Jingshan,CHI Baoming.Site Conditions Scientific Expedition Intensity Unusual Group Work Report[R].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[15]四川赛斯特科技有限公司.绵阳市城区地震小区划报告[R].成都:四川科技出版社,2007.Sichuan SaiSi Tetechnique Limited Company.Mianyang City Earthquake Microzonation Report[R].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and TechnologyPress,2007.(in Chinese)
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