震损建筑抗震鉴定加固中地震作用取值研究
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摘要
在震损建筑抗震鉴定加固中,有关地震作用取值如何调整是值得深入研究的问题。以均匀Poisson过程描述地震的概率模型,以极值分布反映地震作用的概率分布,给出了地震烈度、地面峰值加速度与水平地震影响系数最大值之间的换算关系及其危险性曲线公式;阐释了等设防烈度原则、等超越概率原则和等重现期原则的基本原理;列出了震损建筑的几种分类方法及类别。基于震损建筑的后续使用年限,提出采用等重现期原则调整其地震作用取值的办法,并列出了具体的计算步骤。研究表明:相比等设防烈度原则和等超越概率原则,等重现期原则更为合理地反映了震损建筑在后续使用年限内遭遇相当设防烈度地震的风险概率,因此更适用于震损建筑抗震鉴定加固中地震作用取值的调整。
For the earthquake-damaged buildings,it is quite necessary to do research on adjustment of earthquake action in their seismic appraisal and retrofit.The earthquake generation model was established based on the Homogeneous Poisson Process,and the probability distribution of earthquake action was embodied by Extreme Value Type(Ⅱ and Ⅲ),then the conversion relation among seismic intensity,peak ground acceleration(PGA) and maximum horizontal earthquake influence coefficient were obtained,as well as their own seismic hazard curve formulas.Moreover,the basic principles of equal precautionary intensity,equal exceeding probability and equal return period were illustrated respectively,and several categories of earthquake-damaged buildings were listed with different classification principles.In the end,based on the continuous seismic service life of earthquake-damaged buildings,an available approach according to equal return period principle was proposed to modify the corresponding earthquake action,and the main steps were given here.Based on comparative research,it is concluded that the equal return period method is more reasonable than the equal precautionary intensity method and the equal exceeding probability method to reflect the risk of earthquake-damaged buildings reencountering similar precautionary earthquakes in their continuous seismic service life,and therefore it can be more appropriately used to modify the earthquake action for seismic appraisal and retrofit of earthquake-damaged buildings.
For the earthquake-damaged buildings,it is quite necessary to do research on adjustment of earthquake action in their seismic appraisal and retrofit.The earthquake generation model was established based on the Homogeneous Poisson Process,and the probability distribution of earthquake action was embodied by Extreme Value Type(Ⅱ and Ⅲ),then the conversion relation among seismic intensity,peak ground acceleration(PGA) and maximum horizontal earthquake influence coefficient were obtained,as well as their own seismic hazard curve formulas.Moreover,the basic principles of equal precautionary intensity,equal exceeding probability and equal return period were illustrated respectively,and several categories of earthquake-damaged buildings were listed with different classification principles.In the end,based on the continuous seismic service life of earthquake-damaged buildings,an available approach according to equal return period principle was proposed to modify the corresponding earthquake action,and the main steps were given here.Based on comparative research,it is concluded that the equal return period method is more reasonable than the equal precautionary intensity method and the equal exceeding probability method to reflect the risk of earthquake-damaged buildings reencountering similar precautionary earthquakes in their continuous seismic service life,and therefore it can be more appropriately used to modify the earthquake action for seismic appraisal and retrofit of earthquake-damaged buildings.
引文
[1]GB50023—2009建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(GB50023—2009Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[2]JGJ116—2009建筑抗震加固技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(JGJ116—2009Technical specification for seismic strengthening ofbuildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2009.(in Chinese))
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[4]孙彬,牛荻涛,董振平.在役结构抗震评估地震作用取值研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(4):312-316.(Sun Bin,Niu Ditao,DongZhenping.Research on earthquake action for seismicassessment of existing structures[J].Journal of Xi’anUniversity of Architecture&Technology:NaturalScience Editon,2003,35(4):312-316.(inChinese))
[5]毋剑平,白雪霜,孙建华.不同设计使用年限下地震作用的确定方法[J].工程抗震,2003,25(2):36-39.(Wu Jianping,Bai Xueshuang,Sun Jianhua.Determination of earthquake action under differentdesign seismic service life[J].Earthquake ResistantEngineering,2003,25(2):36-39.(in Chinese))
[6]丁伯阳,赵冬,李通坤,等.在役结构后役期的设防烈度探讨[J].地震学报,2005,27(6):677-681.(Ding Boyang,Zhao Dong,Li Tongkun,et al.On thedefense intensity during succeed use period of theexisting structure[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2005,27(6):677-681.(in Chinese))
[7]刘觐荣,邓永胜,江春,等.对服役结构后续服役期内抗震设防水准的研究[J].工业建筑,2007,37(5):23-25.(Liu Jinrong,Deng Yongsheng,JiangChun,et al.Study on seismic design criterion ofexisting structure in re-service period[J].IndustrialConstruction,2007,37(5):23-25.(in Chinese))
[8]雷拓,钱江,苏晓燕.现役结构抗震评估地震作用确定方法[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2009,25(4):620-624.(Lei Tuo,Qian Jiang,Su Xiaoyan.Earthquake action determination for seismic assessmentof existing structures[J].Journal of Shenyang JianzhuUniversity:Natural Science,2009,25(4):620-624.(in Chinese))
[9]马玉宏,赵桂峰.确定现役结构抗震加固设计地震动参数的简化方法研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(3):78-83.(Ma Yuhong,Zhao Guifeng.Study on simplified method of determining strengtheningdesign ground motion parameters for existing buildings[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering andRetrofitting,2009,31(3):78-83.(in Chinese))
[10]马玉宏,赵桂峰,谢礼立,等.考虑地震环境下现役结构抗震加固设防地震动参数研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2010,36(2):163-167.(Ma Yuhong,ZhaoGuifeng,Xie Lili,et al.Research on seismicstrengthening design ground motion parameters forexisting buildings based on seismic hazard characteristiczone[J].Sichuan Building Science,2010,36(2):163-167.(in Chinese))
[11]张建中.对地震危险性分析中地震发生概率模型的几点认识[J].高原地震,1995,7(1):90-92.(ZhangJianzhong.Some thinks about Poisson model for seismicrisk analysis[J].Platean Earthquake Research,1995,7(1):90-92.(in Chinese))
[12]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22.(Gao Xiaowang,Bao Aibin.Probabilistic model and itsstatistical parameters for seismic load[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1985,5(1):13-22.(in Chinese))
[13]GB50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB50011—2010Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[14]李亚琦.中国地震危险性特征区划[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1999.(Li Yaqi.Characteristic zoning of seismic hazard in China[D].Haerbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics in ChinaEarthquake Administration,1999.(in Chinese))
[15]刘恢先,卢荣俭,陈达生,等.修订我国地震烈度表的一个建议方案.中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集:第四集[R].北京:科学出版社,1981:1-13.
[16]CECS160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2004.(CECS160:2004 General rule for performance-based seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China PlanningPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[17]马玉宏,谢礼立,赵桂峰.地震环境下不同重要性建筑的抗震设防水准[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(5):117-121.(Ma Yuhong,Xie Lili,Zhao Guifeng.Seismic design levels of building structures withdifferent importance factors in consideration ofearthquake environment[J].Journal of NaturalDisasters,2004,13(5):117-121.(in Chinese))
[18]GB50153—2008工程结构可靠性设计统一标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.(GB50153—2008 Unified standard for reliability design ofengineering structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[19]GB50223—2008建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.(GB50223—2008Standard for classification of seismic protection ofbuilding constructions[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[20]建标[2008]132号地震灾后建筑鉴定与加固技术指南[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.
[2]JGJ116—2009建筑抗震加固技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(JGJ116—2009Technical specification for seismic strengthening ofbuildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&BuildingPress,2009.(in Chinese))
[3]周锡元,曾德民,高晓安.估计不同服役期结构的抗震设防水准的简单方法[J].建筑结构,2002,32(1):37-42.(Zhou Xiyuan,Zeng Demin,GaoXiaoan.Simplified method for evaluating seismic designintensities structures with various service periods[J].Building Structure,2002,32(1):37-42.(inChinese))
[4]孙彬,牛荻涛,董振平.在役结构抗震评估地震作用取值研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,35(4):312-316.(Sun Bin,Niu Ditao,DongZhenping.Research on earthquake action for seismicassessment of existing structures[J].Journal of Xi’anUniversity of Architecture&Technology:NaturalScience Editon,2003,35(4):312-316.(inChinese))
[5]毋剑平,白雪霜,孙建华.不同设计使用年限下地震作用的确定方法[J].工程抗震,2003,25(2):36-39.(Wu Jianping,Bai Xueshuang,Sun Jianhua.Determination of earthquake action under differentdesign seismic service life[J].Earthquake ResistantEngineering,2003,25(2):36-39.(in Chinese))
[6]丁伯阳,赵冬,李通坤,等.在役结构后役期的设防烈度探讨[J].地震学报,2005,27(6):677-681.(Ding Boyang,Zhao Dong,Li Tongkun,et al.On thedefense intensity during succeed use period of theexisting structure[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2005,27(6):677-681.(in Chinese))
[7]刘觐荣,邓永胜,江春,等.对服役结构后续服役期内抗震设防水准的研究[J].工业建筑,2007,37(5):23-25.(Liu Jinrong,Deng Yongsheng,JiangChun,et al.Study on seismic design criterion ofexisting structure in re-service period[J].IndustrialConstruction,2007,37(5):23-25.(in Chinese))
[8]雷拓,钱江,苏晓燕.现役结构抗震评估地震作用确定方法[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2009,25(4):620-624.(Lei Tuo,Qian Jiang,Su Xiaoyan.Earthquake action determination for seismic assessmentof existing structures[J].Journal of Shenyang JianzhuUniversity:Natural Science,2009,25(4):620-624.(in Chinese))
[9]马玉宏,赵桂峰.确定现役结构抗震加固设计地震动参数的简化方法研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(3):78-83.(Ma Yuhong,Zhao Guifeng.Study on simplified method of determining strengtheningdesign ground motion parameters for existing buildings[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering andRetrofitting,2009,31(3):78-83.(in Chinese))
[10]马玉宏,赵桂峰,谢礼立,等.考虑地震环境下现役结构抗震加固设防地震动参数研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2010,36(2):163-167.(Ma Yuhong,ZhaoGuifeng,Xie Lili,et al.Research on seismicstrengthening design ground motion parameters forexisting buildings based on seismic hazard characteristiczone[J].Sichuan Building Science,2010,36(2):163-167.(in Chinese))
[11]张建中.对地震危险性分析中地震发生概率模型的几点认识[J].高原地震,1995,7(1):90-92.(ZhangJianzhong.Some thinks about Poisson model for seismicrisk analysis[J].Platean Earthquake Research,1995,7(1):90-92.(in Chinese))
[12]高小旺,鲍霭斌.地震作用的概率模型及其统计参数[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):13-22.(Gao Xiaowang,Bao Aibin.Probabilistic model and itsstatistical parameters for seismic load[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,1985,5(1):13-22.(in Chinese))
[13]GB50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB50011—2010Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[14]李亚琦.中国地震危险性特征区划[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,1999.(Li Yaqi.Characteristic zoning of seismic hazard in China[D].Haerbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics in ChinaEarthquake Administration,1999.(in Chinese))
[15]刘恢先,卢荣俭,陈达生,等.修订我国地震烈度表的一个建议方案.中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集:第四集[R].北京:科学出版社,1981:1-13.
[16]CECS160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2004.(CECS160:2004 General rule for performance-based seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China PlanningPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[17]马玉宏,谢礼立,赵桂峰.地震环境下不同重要性建筑的抗震设防水准[J].自然灾害学报,2004,13(5):117-121.(Ma Yuhong,Xie Lili,Zhao Guifeng.Seismic design levels of building structures withdifferent importance factors in consideration ofearthquake environment[J].Journal of NaturalDisasters,2004,13(5):117-121.(in Chinese))
[18]GB50153—2008工程结构可靠性设计统一标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.(GB50153—2008 Unified standard for reliability design ofengineering structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[19]GB50223—2008建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.(GB50223—2008Standard for classification of seismic protection ofbuilding constructions[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[20]建标[2008]132号地震灾后建筑鉴定与加固技术指南[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版,2008.
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