变电站地震灾害分析与抗震设计
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摘要
2008年5月12日,四川省汶川县发生8.0级特大地震,对四川电网的正常运行造成了巨大影响,致使多座变电站停运,许多变电站设备遭破坏。根据5.12汶川地震变电站震害资料,分析了变电站中的主要建筑物、构支架及电气设备地震损坏机理,对建构筑物及主要电气设备提出了抗震设计原则及设计建议;通过对8度区的某750kV变电站主变压器的抗震计算,说明位于高烈度地震地区的变电站主要电气设备易发生破坏。在此基础上,建议对设备与其基础或支架的连接应经计算确定并选择合理的连接方式,并根据工程实际选择抗震性能较好的电气设备,提高设备的抗震能力和水平,以保证变电站内的电力设施达到"小震不坏,大震不倒"的设防要求。
The great earthquake of M_S 8.0 occurring in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008 has made serious impact on the normal operation of Sichuan Power Grid, which damaged numerous substation equipments and led to outages of substations. On the basis of an investigation on the substation damages incurred by the earthquake, the damage causes of electrical equipments and structures of substations are analyzed and the main anti-seismic design principle and suggestions are proposed. The anti-seismic calculation of the main transformer in a 750 kV substation located in the intensity Ⅷ area shows that the main electrical equipments of substations in high seismic area are prone to be damaged. Therefore, it is proposed that the link mode between equipment and their foundation or supporting frames (cantilevers) should be determined by calculations, and the equipment with good anti-seismic capabilities should be choosed in advance according to the project's practical needs, so as to improve the anti-seismic capability of substations and meet the requirement of no-damage under light earthquake and no-collapse under strong earthquake.
The great earthquake of M_S 8.0 occurring in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008 has made serious impact on the normal operation of Sichuan Power Grid, which damaged numerous substation equipments and led to outages of substations. On the basis of an investigation on the substation damages incurred by the earthquake, the damage causes of electrical equipments and structures of substations are analyzed and the main anti-seismic design principle and suggestions are proposed. The anti-seismic calculation of the main transformer in a 750 kV substation located in the intensity Ⅷ area shows that the main electrical equipments of substations in high seismic area are prone to be damaged. Therefore, it is proposed that the link mode between equipment and their foundation or supporting frames (cantilevers) should be determined by calculations, and the equipment with good anti-seismic capabilities should be choosed in advance according to the project's practical needs, so as to improve the anti-seismic capability of substations and meet the requirement of no-damage under light earthquake and no-collapse under strong earthquake.
引文
[1]四川电力试验研究院.汶川大地震四川电网电气设备受损情况报告[R].成都:四川电力试验研究院,2008.
[2]国网北京经济技术研究院、西北电力设计院、西安建筑科技大学.输变电工程抗震设计研究报告[R].北京:国网北京经济技术研究院,2009.
[3]文波,牛荻涛,赵鹏.电力系统抗震可靠性研究与分析综述[J].灾害学,2007,22(4):86-90.
[4]文波,牛荻涛,赵鹏.变电站抗震性能研究综述[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2007,29(6):73-77.
[5]谢强.电力系统的地震灾害研究现状与应急响应[J].电力建设,2008,29(8):1-6.
[6]张子引,赵彪,曹伟炜.汶川8.0级地震电网受灾情况调研与初步分析[J].电力技术经济,2008,20(4):1-4.
[7]张军,陈大斌,张子引,等.220kV绝缘子及避雷器振动试验研究[J].电力技术经济,2009,21(4):47-50.
[8]GB50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[9]GB50223—2008建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[10]GB50260—1996电力设施抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1996.
[2]国网北京经济技术研究院、西北电力设计院、西安建筑科技大学.输变电工程抗震设计研究报告[R].北京:国网北京经济技术研究院,2009.
[3]文波,牛荻涛,赵鹏.电力系统抗震可靠性研究与分析综述[J].灾害学,2007,22(4):86-90.
[4]文波,牛荻涛,赵鹏.变电站抗震性能研究综述[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2007,29(6):73-77.
[5]谢强.电力系统的地震灾害研究现状与应急响应[J].电力建设,2008,29(8):1-6.
[6]张子引,赵彪,曹伟炜.汶川8.0级地震电网受灾情况调研与初步分析[J].电力技术经济,2008,20(4):1-4.
[7]张军,陈大斌,张子引,等.220kV绝缘子及避雷器振动试验研究[J].电力技术经济,2009,21(4):47-50.
[8]GB50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[9]GB50223—2008建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[10]GB50260—1996电力设施抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1996.
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