基于小波包和空间相关性分析的人工地震波仿真技术
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摘要
考虑强震作用下地震动参数的空间相关性,是生命线工程、道路、桥梁等呈空间分布的大型结构抗震设计的重点问题。由于强震观测历史和观测设备的限制,符合设计标准的地震波较为匮乏。因而,人工地震波成为结构抗震时程计算分析的一个重要技术。小波包技术将地震波进行时域和频域分解及合成并通过区域化的强震记录,得出小波包参数在时域和频域的统计特征及其空间相关性。进一步采用克里格插值法对无观测记录场址的地震动小波包参数进行最优估计,从而合成人工地震波。能较好地模拟人工地震波的区域空间相关特征,将为重大工程结构的防灾抗震仿真计算和动力优化设计提供实用可靠的地震波输入。
Considering spatial correlation of ground motions is important in seismic hazard analysis of spatially distributed infrastructure systems such as long-span bridges, lifelines, railways. Due to the limited observation history and instrumentation of strong motion, synthetic ground motions are often used. In this paper, wavelet packet analysis is used to decompose and synthesize ground motions in the time and frequency domain. The spatial correlation of wavelet parameters is determined through semivariogram analysis of regionalized strong motion data. Ordinary kriging technique is then used to estimate the wavelet parameters and synthesize ground motions at unmeasured sites. The proposed method can well capture the spatial distribution of ground motions,and it can be used for time history analysis of spatially distributed infrastructure systems.
Considering spatial correlation of ground motions is important in seismic hazard analysis of spatially distributed infrastructure systems such as long-span bridges, lifelines, railways. Due to the limited observation history and instrumentation of strong motion, synthetic ground motions are often used. In this paper, wavelet packet analysis is used to decompose and synthesize ground motions in the time and frequency domain. The spatial correlation of wavelet parameters is determined through semivariogram analysis of regionalized strong motion data. Ordinary kriging technique is then used to estimate the wavelet parameters and synthesize ground motions at unmeasured sites. The proposed method can well capture the spatial distribution of ground motions,and it can be used for time history analysis of spatially distributed infrastructure systems.
引文
[1]Wang G.,Youngs R.,Power M.,etal.Design Ground Motion Library(DGML):An Interactive Tool for Selecting Earthquake Ground Motions[J].Earthquake Spectra,2015,31(1):64-67.
[2]王刚,地震波选择方法、工具、及其在基于性能的抗震设计中的应用[C]//第四届粤港澳地震科技研讨会.香港:香港天文台,2010.
[3]Abrahamson N.Non-stationary spectral matching program[J].Seismological Research Letters 1992,63(1):30.
[4]Zerva A.Seismic source mechanisms and ground motion models[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 1988(3):64-74.
[5]Quek S.T.,Teo Y.P.,Balendra T.Non-stationary structural response with evolutionary spectra using seismological input model[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 1990(19):275-88.
[6]Naga P.,Eatherton M.R.Analyzing the effect of moving resonance seismic response of structures using wavelet transforms[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2013,DOI:10.1002/eqe.2370.
[7]Yamamoto Y.,Baker J.W.Stochastic model for earthquake ground motion using wavelet packets[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(6):3044-3056.
[8]Goovaerts P.Geostatistics for Natural Resources Evaluation[M].New York Oxford:Oxford University Press,1997.
[9]Jayaram N.,Baker J.W.Correlation model for spatially distributed ground-motion intensities[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2009,38:1687-1708.
[10]Du W.,Wang G.Intra-Event spatial correlations for cumulative absolute velocity,Arias intensity,and spectral accelerations based on regional site conditions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(2A):1117-1129.
[11]Wang G,Du W.Spatial cross-correlation models for vector intensity measures(PGA,Ia,PGV and SAs)considering regional site conditions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(6):3189-3204.
[12]Loth C.,Baker JW.A spatial cross-correlation model of ground motion spectral accelerations at multiple periods[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2013,42(3):397-417.
[13]Boore DM,Atkinson GM.Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA,PGV,and 5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between0.01 s and 10.0 s[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):99-138.
[2]王刚,地震波选择方法、工具、及其在基于性能的抗震设计中的应用[C]//第四届粤港澳地震科技研讨会.香港:香港天文台,2010.
[3]Abrahamson N.Non-stationary spectral matching program[J].Seismological Research Letters 1992,63(1):30.
[4]Zerva A.Seismic source mechanisms and ground motion models[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 1988(3):64-74.
[5]Quek S.T.,Teo Y.P.,Balendra T.Non-stationary structural response with evolutionary spectra using seismological input model[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 1990(19):275-88.
[6]Naga P.,Eatherton M.R.Analyzing the effect of moving resonance seismic response of structures using wavelet transforms[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2013,DOI:10.1002/eqe.2370.
[7]Yamamoto Y.,Baker J.W.Stochastic model for earthquake ground motion using wavelet packets[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(6):3044-3056.
[8]Goovaerts P.Geostatistics for Natural Resources Evaluation[M].New York Oxford:Oxford University Press,1997.
[9]Jayaram N.,Baker J.W.Correlation model for spatially distributed ground-motion intensities[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2009,38:1687-1708.
[10]Du W.,Wang G.Intra-Event spatial correlations for cumulative absolute velocity,Arias intensity,and spectral accelerations based on regional site conditions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(2A):1117-1129.
[11]Wang G,Du W.Spatial cross-correlation models for vector intensity measures(PGA,Ia,PGV and SAs)considering regional site conditions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013,103(6):3189-3204.
[12]Loth C.,Baker JW.A spatial cross-correlation model of ground motion spectral accelerations at multiple periods[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2013,42(3):397-417.
[13]Boore DM,Atkinson GM.Ground-motion prediction equations for the average horizontal component of PGA,PGV,and 5%-damped PSA at spectral periods between0.01 s and 10.0 s[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):99-138.
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