煤层爆破地震波传播特征实验研究
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摘要
为了研究高应力作用下具有冲击特性的爆破地震波传播特征,利用YDD16煤岩动力灾害声电监测仪对煤体卸压爆破产生的地震波信号进行了现场测试,并对采集到的信号进行了时域和频域上的分析。将煤岩体抽象成Maxwell粘弹性体,推导了地震波在Maxwell粘弹性体中传播特征。实验结果表明:地震波主频率随着传播距离的增加呈现幂级递减;在单一煤层中,地震波主频率是影响地震波波速幅值衰减系数变化的主要原因,且与主频率存在良好的正相关;地震波振幅随距离的增加呈幂级递减,且衰减速率呈现出较为明显的先增大后减小的现象。
To study the propagation characteristics of impactive blasting seismic wave in a single coal seam under high stress,the seismic signal test was carried out for coal unloading blasting using YDD16,and the collected signals in time domain and frequency domain was analyzed. Coal and rock mass was abstracted into Maxwell viscoelastic body,and the propagation characteristics of seismic wave in Maxwell viscoelastic body were deduced. The results show that,dominant frequency of seismic decreases exponentially as the propagation distance increases; in the single coal seam,the main reason for the variation of seismic wave amplitude attenuation coefficient is the seismic dominant frequency,which are positively correlated; as the distance increases,seismic amplitude decreases exponentially,and the attenuation rate first increases and then decreases.
To study the propagation characteristics of impactive blasting seismic wave in a single coal seam under high stress,the seismic signal test was carried out for coal unloading blasting using YDD16,and the collected signals in time domain and frequency domain was analyzed. Coal and rock mass was abstracted into Maxwell viscoelastic body,and the propagation characteristics of seismic wave in Maxwell viscoelastic body were deduced. The results show that,dominant frequency of seismic decreases exponentially as the propagation distance increases; in the single coal seam,the main reason for the variation of seismic wave amplitude attenuation coefficient is the seismic dominant frequency,which are positively correlated; as the distance increases,seismic amplitude decreases exponentially,and the attenuation rate first increases and then decreases.
引文
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[3]卢爱红.应力波诱发冲击矿压的动力学机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2005.
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[5]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[6]姜福兴,宋广东,孔令海,等.微地震波在煤矿岩层中的传播特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5):2674-2679.
[7]叶根喜,姜福兴,郭延华,等.煤矿深部采场爆破地震波传播规律的微震原位试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):1053-1058.
[8]曹安业,窦林名,王洪海.采动煤岩体中冲击震动波传播的微震效应试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(4):530-535.
[9]陈庆凯,屠晓利,李贵臣,等.砂土层中爆破地震波传播特性研究[J].爆破器材,2007,36(2):29-32.
[10]刘刚,杨全枝,等.冲击震动波在砂岩介质中传播规律的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2012,40(12):75-78.
[11]何翔,吴祥云,李永池,等.石灰岩中爆炸成坑和地冲击传播规律的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(5):725-729.
[12]寇绍全,虞吉林,杨根宏.石灰岩中应力波衰减机制的试验研究[J].力学学报,1982(6):582-589.
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[14]李端明,张志呈.爆破地震波的频率特性[J].西南工学院学报,1998,13(3):43-48.
[15]张义平,吴桂义.爆破地震波特性研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2007,27(6):68-72.
[16]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社.
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