世博期间实验室生物安全风险评估及对策
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摘要
目的对世博期间上海市静安区疾控实验室生物安全进行风险评估并提出对策。方法采用澳大利亚和新西兰的风险管理标准和专家评估法,对实验室生物安全进行风险评估。结果火灾为极高风险生物安全事件;生物样本和菌毒种丢失,菌毒种感染,地震为高风险生物安全事件;水灾,实验室人员刺伤、切割伤或擦伤为中风险生物安全事件;实验室人员皮肤、粘膜污染,生物安全柜外环境重度污染等为低风险生物安全事件。结论针对风险水平分级采取应对和处置措施,极高和高水平风险应优先考虑,积极应对;中等水平风险则采取常态应对措施;中等和低水平风险应加强监测,一旦发现风险水平升级,则应提高应对措施和策略水平。
ObjectiveThe risk assessment and countermeasures of laboratory biosafety during EXPO 2010 in Jing'an District of Shanghai.MethodBy using the standard of risk management of Australia and New Zealand,and the expert evaluating method,risk assessment of laboratory biosafety was made during Expo 2010 in Jing'an district.ResultFire is the highest risk biosecurity event;loss of biological sample and poisonous species of bacteria,infection of toxic species,and earthquake is high-risk biosecurity event;floods,laboratory personnel stabbed,cuts or abrasions is the middle bio-security risk event;laboratory personnel skin and mucous membrane contamination,biological safety cabinets and other outside the heavily polluted environment is low biosecurity risk event.ConclusionThe prevention and controlling risk of biosecurity event should be improved step by step under rules including prevention as primary,prevention and emergency treatment as equal attention,improvement of urgent management.
ObjectiveThe risk assessment and countermeasures of laboratory biosafety during EXPO 2010 in Jing'an District of Shanghai.MethodBy using the standard of risk management of Australia and New Zealand,and the expert evaluating method,risk assessment of laboratory biosafety was made during Expo 2010 in Jing'an district.ResultFire is the highest risk biosecurity event;loss of biological sample and poisonous species of bacteria,infection of toxic species,and earthquake is high-risk biosecurity event;floods,laboratory personnel stabbed,cuts or abrasions is the middle bio-security risk event;laboratory personnel skin and mucous membrane contamination,biological safety cabinets and other outside the heavily polluted environment is low biosecurity risk event.ConclusionThe prevention and controlling risk of biosecurity event should be improved step by step under rules including prevention as primary,prevention and emergency treatment as equal attention,improvement of urgent management.
引文
[1]AS/NZS.AS/NZS4360:2004,澳大利亚和新西兰风险管理[S].2004.
[2]WHO.实验室生物安全手册[M].3版.Geneva:WHO,2004.
[3]NIH/CDC.微生物和生物医学实验室的生物安全[M].4版.USA:NIH/CDC,1999.
[4]魏强,武桂珍,侯培森.实验室生物安全风险评估的现状与发展[J].中华预防医学杂志,2007,41(6):447-448.
[5]庞星火.2008年北京奥运会重大公共卫风险评价方法的研究[J].首都公共卫生,2009,3(2):52-58.
[6]李彦.病原微生物实验室生物安全事故的危险因素及预防措施[J].实用医药杂志,2010,27(11):1023-1024.
[2]WHO.实验室生物安全手册[M].3版.Geneva:WHO,2004.
[3]NIH/CDC.微生物和生物医学实验室的生物安全[M].4版.USA:NIH/CDC,1999.
[4]魏强,武桂珍,侯培森.实验室生物安全风险评估的现状与发展[J].中华预防医学杂志,2007,41(6):447-448.
[5]庞星火.2008年北京奥运会重大公共卫风险评价方法的研究[J].首都公共卫生,2009,3(2):52-58.
[6]李彦.病原微生物实验室生物安全事故的危险因素及预防措施[J].实用医药杂志,2010,27(11):1023-1024.
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