一起聚集性上呼吸道感染疫情
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摘要
目的回顾对1起聚集性上呼吸道感染疫情的成功处置,总结防控经验,为今后处理类似疫情能够提供参考。方法查阅疾病预防控制中心流行病学调查处理报告、医院临床病历和实验室检测资料,参照卫生部《流感样病例暴发疫情报告及调查处理指南(试行)》,制定防控措施。结果此次疫情持续时间20 d,呈单峰暴发,疫情范围局限于某动物保护基地内部,157名员工受到疫情威胁,共计确认发病44例,罹患率28.03%;主要临床表现为发热(最高38.8℃)、咳嗽、咽痛等上呼吸道感染症状;血常规检测:6例白细胞总数升高(10.8×109/L 20.5×109/L),3例中性粒细胞百分比升高(最高90.3%);咽拭子细菌学检测:5份培养出草绿色链球菌、1份培养出化脓性链球菌;病毒学检测:5份咽拭子样本病毒学快速检测,排除普通流感及禽流感病毒感染。所有发病患者痊愈,接触者中无二代病例发生。结论本次疫情是以草绿色链球菌为主,伴化脓性链球菌感染引起的聚集性上呼吸道感染疫情,疫情发生于动物保护基地且处于地震后防疫时期,需要考虑疫情与场所中动物及地震有无关联性;在暂时诊断不明的情况下,依据症状及体征建立病例定义有利于疫情形势判断,施与救治患者、医学观察密切接触者、症状监测、消毒及宣传教育措施可有效控制疫情。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the successful control of clustering of upper respiratory tract in-fection in 2008,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of similar event.Methods The analysis was conducted on the epidemiological,clinical and laboratory detection data according to 'Influenza Like Illness Out Break Reporting and Response Guidance' by the Ministry of Health.Results The outbreak lasted for 20 days.The main symptom of the patients included high fever,cough and pharyngalgia.Routine blood test indicated that total white cell count increased in 6 cases(10.8×109/L-20.5×109/L),the percentage of neutrophil increased in 3 cases(up to 90.3%);bacteriological test indicated that Streptococcus viridans was detected in 5 cases,Micrococcus scarlatinae was detected in 1 case.The viral test indicated that seasonal influenza and avian influenza were excluded for 5 cases.All the cases recovered and no secondary cases occurred among contacts.Conclusion The outbreak was caused by Streptococcus viridans and micrococcus scarlatinae infection.It is effective to control the epidemic by taking comprehensive measures which included treatment,contact observation,symptom monitoring,health education and disinfection.
Objective To retrospectively analyze the successful control of clustering of upper respiratory tract in-fection in 2008,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of similar event.Methods The analysis was conducted on the epidemiological,clinical and laboratory detection data according to 'Influenza Like Illness Out Break Reporting and Response Guidance' by the Ministry of Health.Results The outbreak lasted for 20 days.The main symptom of the patients included high fever,cough and pharyngalgia.Routine blood test indicated that total white cell count increased in 6 cases(10.8×109/L-20.5×109/L),the percentage of neutrophil increased in 3 cases(up to 90.3%);bacteriological test indicated that Streptococcus viridans was detected in 5 cases,Micrococcus scarlatinae was detected in 1 case.The viral test indicated that seasonal influenza and avian influenza were excluded for 5 cases.All the cases recovered and no secondary cases occurred among contacts.Conclusion The outbreak was caused by Streptococcus viridans and micrococcus scarlatinae infection.It is effective to control the epidemic by taking comprehensive measures which included treatment,contact observation,symptom monitoring,health education and disinfection.
引文
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[6]邱劲军,李丽康,司徒潮满.一起羁押人员流感暴发疫情的流行病学调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2009,25(6):430-431.
[7]刘春灵,曹晋桂,周平,等.一起幼儿园里肺炎支原体肺炎暴发[J].中华预防医学杂志,2009,43(9):206-209.
[2]中国疾病预防控制中心.流感样病例暴发疫情报告及调查处理指南[Z].2006-09.
[3]赵耀儒,闵国平,方云波.2007年襄樊城区学校流感暴发疫情监测结果分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2009,25(4):345-346.
[4]于伟,徐峰,杨仕贵,等.一起腺病毒呼吸道感染性疾病暴发的流行病学分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2008,29(6):603.
[5]谢标,黄绍满.南江县某中学甲型流感暴发流行病学调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2009,25(6):427-429.
[6]邱劲军,李丽康,司徒潮满.一起羁押人员流感暴发疫情的流行病学调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2009,25(6):430-431.
[7]刘春灵,曹晋桂,周平,等.一起幼儿园里肺炎支原体肺炎暴发[J].中华预防医学杂志,2009,43(9):206-209.
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