四川震灾重建后学校水与环境卫生状况调查
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摘要
目的通过在地震灾区重建后开展学校水与环境卫生现状调查研究,了解灾后重建学校水与环境卫生现状,为灾区学校开展水与环境卫生重建工作提供科学依据。方法调查在10个重灾县中选取3个县,共9所已经重建的农村学校,对供水情况及饮用水水质、厕所及粪便处理、垃圾收集及处理、污水排放及处理以及上述水与环境卫生设施的维护和管理情况,食品安全等进行调查。结果学校环境卫生基本情况较好,在食品卫生方面持健康证上岗工作人员比例为95%,卫生厕所比例较高。饮用水合格率为66.67%,只有11.11%的学校设有医务室。结论与地震之前的其他乡镇学校相比,学校环境卫生基本情况较好,但饮用水的合格率较低,医务室较少,学校存在卫生安全隐患。因此建议教育和卫生部门应加强联系、加大卫生监督、监测力度,切实保障灾后学生的身体健康。
Objective To understand the current status of water and sanitation in rural schools during reconstruction after the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan and tried to find out the existing problems so as to provide evidence for carrying out water and sanitation reconstruction after earthquake.Methods 9 schools of 3 counties out of the 10 worst-hit counties in Sichuan were selected to carry out the survey.The main contents of the survey included: water supply system,drinking water quality,latrine and excreta disposal,sewage disposal and processing,maintenance and management of the above-mentioned water supply and sanitation facilities in schools,and food safety as well.Results The proportion of staff holding health certificate posts in food hygiene was 95%,the proportion of sanitary latrines was high.The qualification rate of drinking water was rather low,only 11.11 percent of the school had clinics.Conclusions Compared with schools in other towns before earthquake,environmental health was improved,the qualification rate of drinking water was still low,the number of the clinics was few.It is recommended that the relation between the education and health departments should be strengthened,health supervision and surveillance should be promoted,to ensure the health of the students.
Objective To understand the current status of water and sanitation in rural schools during reconstruction after the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan and tried to find out the existing problems so as to provide evidence for carrying out water and sanitation reconstruction after earthquake.Methods 9 schools of 3 counties out of the 10 worst-hit counties in Sichuan were selected to carry out the survey.The main contents of the survey included: water supply system,drinking water quality,latrine and excreta disposal,sewage disposal and processing,maintenance and management of the above-mentioned water supply and sanitation facilities in schools,and food safety as well.Results The proportion of staff holding health certificate posts in food hygiene was 95%,the proportion of sanitary latrines was high.The qualification rate of drinking water was rather low,only 11.11 percent of the school had clinics.Conclusions Compared with schools in other towns before earthquake,environmental health was improved,the qualification rate of drinking water was still low,the number of the clinics was few.It is recommended that the relation between the education and health departments should be strengthened,health supervision and surveillance should be promoted,to ensure the health of the students.
引文
(1)GB/T5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准(S).2006.
(2)GB/T5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法(S).2007.
(3)刘家义,张芯.农村学校卫生厕所建造技术要求与图集(M).北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2004.
(4)教育部,卫生部,财政部.国家学校体育卫生条件试行基本标准().教体艺(2008)5号.
(5)程炼,孙莉,张成云.四川省学校卫生相关情况调查(J).中国学校卫生,2008,29(9):833-835.
(6)金立坚,张成云,康晓熙,等.四川省农村学校饮水及卫生厕所现状调查分析(J).预防医学情报杂志,2006,22(5):625-626.
(7)金立坚,秦岭,朱鸿斌,等.四川省农村学校饮水与环境卫生状况调查分析(J).预防医学情报杂志,2010,9:724-728.
(8)袁德兴,吴多根.108所农村学校食堂及饮用水现状调查分析(J).实用预防医学,2007,14(6):1811-1811.
(2)GB/T5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法(S).2007.
(3)刘家义,张芯.农村学校卫生厕所建造技术要求与图集(M).北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2004.
(4)教育部,卫生部,财政部.国家学校体育卫生条件试行基本标准().教体艺(2008)5号.
(5)程炼,孙莉,张成云.四川省学校卫生相关情况调查(J).中国学校卫生,2008,29(9):833-835.
(6)金立坚,张成云,康晓熙,等.四川省农村学校饮水及卫生厕所现状调查分析(J).预防医学情报杂志,2006,22(5):625-626.
(7)金立坚,秦岭,朱鸿斌,等.四川省农村学校饮水与环境卫生状况调查分析(J).预防医学情报杂志,2010,9:724-728.
(8)袁德兴,吴多根.108所农村学校食堂及饮用水现状调查分析(J).实用预防医学,2007,14(6):1811-1811.
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