陕西省公众应对灾害事件知识现状及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的研究陕西省公众应对灾害事件知识的知晓现状及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,选取陕西省城乡居民进行问卷调查,对灾害事件应对知识的知晓水平进行logistic回归分析。结果本研究共调查1 945人。调查对象地震、水灾、火灾应对知识的平均知晓率分别为72.86%、65.34%和77.94%。性别、文化程度、备灾意识、是否进行过逃生演练对灾害事件应对知识的知晓程度有影响。男性得高分的可能性是女性的1.300倍;高中/中专、大专及以上者得高分的可能性分别为文盲半文盲的3.273、3.585倍;备灾意识得分每增加一分,得高分的可能性为原来的1.348倍;进行过逃生演练者得高分的可能性是没有进行过逃生演练者的0.455倍。结论陕西公众对地震、水灾和火灾等灾害事件应对知识掌握不全面,低文化程度、缺乏备灾意识等可能是影响灾害事件知识水平的重要因素,应大力开展防灾减灾宣传教育工作。
Objective To investigate the public awareness of disastrous event response in Shaanxi province and explore its related factors.Methods A multi-stage sampling method was applied to select the participants from urban and rural residents in Shaanxi Province.We had a pre-designed face-to-face questionnaire interview for all participants.A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting disastrous event knowledge and response.Results A total of 1 945 subjects were interviewed for the study.The average rates of awareness were 72.86%,65.34% and 77.94% respectively for earthquake,flood and fire response.Factors associated with higher knowledge score of disaster response were sex(OR=1.3 for men vs women),higher education level(OR=3.273 & 3.585 respectively for residents with high school and college education vs.uneducated residents);emergency preparedness(OR=1.348)and emergency rescue drills(OR=2.2).Conclusion Public knowledge of disastrous event response needs to be improved in Shaanxi province.It is necessary to provide residents with disaster event awareness education,response training and emergency event drills.
Objective To investigate the public awareness of disastrous event response in Shaanxi province and explore its related factors.Methods A multi-stage sampling method was applied to select the participants from urban and rural residents in Shaanxi Province.We had a pre-designed face-to-face questionnaire interview for all participants.A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting disastrous event knowledge and response.Results A total of 1 945 subjects were interviewed for the study.The average rates of awareness were 72.86%,65.34% and 77.94% respectively for earthquake,flood and fire response.Factors associated with higher knowledge score of disaster response were sex(OR=1.3 for men vs women),higher education level(OR=3.273 & 3.585 respectively for residents with high school and college education vs.uneducated residents);emergency preparedness(OR=1.348)and emergency rescue drills(OR=2.2).Conclusion Public knowledge of disastrous event response needs to be improved in Shaanxi province.It is necessary to provide residents with disaster event awareness education,response training and emergency event drills.
引文
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[2]苏筠,伍国凤,朱莉,等.首都大学生的自然灾害认知调查与减灾教育建议[J].灾害学,2007,22(3):100-104.
[3]陈艳,程玉兰.国内外公众应对突发公共卫生事件逃生自救知识与技能概况[J].中国健康教育,2009,25(3):220-223.
[4]刘婵娟.公众急救自救能力及提高的社会伦理因素——基于浙江省温州市的研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2006,19(3):102-106.
[5]董晓梅,陈雄飞,王声湧,等.大学生对突发灾害的认知及应变能力调查[J].中国公共卫生,2006,22(6):660-661.
[6]王丽芹,付春华,于梅,等.对震区居民地震相关及自救互救知识认知的调查[J].中华现代护理杂志,2008,14(29):3067-3068.
[7]周旗,郁耀闯.山区乡村居民的自然灾害感知研究——以陕西省太白县咀头镇上白云村为例[J].山地学报,2008,26(5):571-576.
[8]岳丽霞,欧国强.居民山地灾害意识水平比较研究[J].灾害学,2005,20(3):117-120.
[9]何心展,尹星星.宁波市公民防灾应急状况调查研究[J].灾害学,2007,22(4):113-117.
[10]柴燕,陈艳,李莉,等.山西省公众应对灾害事件知识与技能现况调查[J].中国健康教育,2010,26(4):261-302.
[11]Miller GT,Scott JA,Issenberg SB,et al.Development,im-plementation and outcomes of a training program for respon-seers to terrorism[J].Prehospital Emergency Care,2006,10(2):239-246.
[12]郑菊花,钱建江.国内外自然灾害教育研究综述[J].绥化学院学报,2008,28(1):178-180.
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