震后不同时期灾区初中生身心健康与应对方式特点
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摘要
目的探讨5.12地震后不同时期灾区初中生的身心健康及应对方式的特点,为灾后心理重建提供科学依据。方法利用修订的身心健康量表、应对方式量表,分别在5.12地震后2周和1 a对四川灾区188名初中生的身心健康、应对方式进行调查。结果震后1 a在抑郁、自杀、恐惧等身心健康多个维度和退避、幻想等应对方式维度得分显著低于震后2周;退避、自责、合理化、问题解决能显著预测震后2周初中生的心身健康,而退避、自责、幻想、合理化能显著预测震后1 a学生的心身健康。结论震后1 a灾区初中生身心健康有所好转,应对方式开始倾向积极,但对前后没有显著差异的维度需要重点干预。
ObjectiveTo explore psychosomatic health and coping style of high school students at different time in disaster areas after 5·12 earthquake.MethodsA total of 188 high school students were investigated by the revised psychosomatic health scale and coping style scale at the second week and one year after earthquake,respectively.ResultsScores in depression,suicide,dread subscales and retreat,fantasy in coping style scale at the second week were higher than that in one year after the earthquake.Retreat,self-blame,rationalization and problem-solving could significantly predict the psychosomatic health at the second week,while retreat,self-blame,fantasy and rationalization could significantly predict the psychosomatic health in one year after the earthquake.ConclusionThe psychosomatic health in one year after earthquake is better than that in the second week,with coping style became gradually positive.However,the intervention should focus on the dimensions which have not changed yet.
ObjectiveTo explore psychosomatic health and coping style of high school students at different time in disaster areas after 5·12 earthquake.MethodsA total of 188 high school students were investigated by the revised psychosomatic health scale and coping style scale at the second week and one year after earthquake,respectively.ResultsScores in depression,suicide,dread subscales and retreat,fantasy in coping style scale at the second week were higher than that in one year after the earthquake.Retreat,self-blame,rationalization and problem-solving could significantly predict the psychosomatic health at the second week,while retreat,self-blame,fantasy and rationalization could significantly predict the psychosomatic health in one year after the earthquake.ConclusionThe psychosomatic health in one year after earthquake is better than that in the second week,with coping style became gradually positive.However,the intervention should focus on the dimensions which have not changed yet.
引文
[1]张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震孤儿远期心理健康的调查研究.中国心理卫生,2002,14(3):17-19.
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[3]KILIC C,ULUSOY M.Psychological effects of the November 1999earthquake in Turkey:An epidemiological study.Acta PsychiatrScand,2003,108(3):232-238.
[4]汪向东,赵丞智.地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素.中国心理卫生,1999,13(1):28-30.
[5]CARR VJ,LEWIN TJ,WEBSTER RA,et al.Psychosocial sequelaeof the 1989 Newcastle earthquake:II.Exposure and morbidity profilesduring the first two years post-disaster.Psychol Med,1997,27(1):167-178.
[6]LIVANOU M.Earthquake-related psychological distress and associat-ed factors 4 years after the parnitha earthquake in Greece.Eur Psych,2005,20(2):137-144.
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[10]张妍,孔繁昌,许芳,等.地震对四川灾区初中生人格发展的影响.中国特殊教育,2010,119(5):65-72.
[11]向燕辉,沃建中,邹高祥,等.地震中有无亲属遇难群体的人格、心身健康及应对方式的特点比较.中国心理卫生,2009,23(6):381-383.
[12]肖计划,许秀峰.应对方式问卷的效度与信度研究.中国心理卫生,1996,10(4):164-168.
[13]ELKLIT A.Victimization and PTSD in a danish national youth proba-bility sample.J Am Acad Child Adoles Psych,2002,41(2):174-181.
[14]NEUNER F,SCHAUER E,CATANI C,et al.Post-tsunami stress:A study of posttraumatic stress disorder in children living in three se-verely affected regions in Sri Lanka.J Trauma Stress,2006,19(3):339-347.
[15]赵守良,张保,赵玉芳.生活事件对震后中学生心理应激状况的影响.中国学校卫生,2008,29(12):1098-1099.
[16]ALEXANDRA,ROUSSOS,ARMEN K,et al.Posttraumatic stressand depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Greece.Am J Psychiatry,2005,162(3):530-537.
[17]WEEMS CF,PIAN AA,COSTA NM,et al.Predisaster trait anxietyand negative affect predict posttraumatic stress in youths after hurri-cane katrina.J Consult Clin Psychol,2007,75(1):154-159.
[18]ZHANG Y,KONG F,WANG L,et al.Mental health and copingstyles of children and adolescents survivors one year after the 2008Chinese earthquake.Child Youth Servic Rev,2010,32(10):1403-1409.
[2]CHOU FH,CHOU P,SU TT,et al.Survey of quality of life and re-lated risk factors for a tawanese village population 21 moths after earth-quake.NZ J Psychiatry,2004,38(5):358-364.
[3]KILIC C,ULUSOY M.Psychological effects of the November 1999earthquake in Turkey:An epidemiological study.Acta PsychiatrScand,2003,108(3):232-238.
[4]汪向东,赵丞智.地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素.中国心理卫生,1999,13(1):28-30.
[5]CARR VJ,LEWIN TJ,WEBSTER RA,et al.Psychosocial sequelaeof the 1989 Newcastle earthquake:II.Exposure and morbidity profilesduring the first two years post-disaster.Psychol Med,1997,27(1):167-178.
[6]LIVANOU M.Earthquake-related psychological distress and associat-ed factors 4 years after the parnitha earthquake in Greece.Eur Psych,2005,20(2):137-144.
[7]沃建中,向燕辉,沈莉,等.5.12重震区成人受灾者不良情绪反应程度与人格、应对方式等因素关系研究.中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(2):227-229,252.
[8]HIALI FG,TASKINTUNA N,ISIKLI S,et al.Predictorsof posttrau-matic stress in children and adolescents.Child Youth Serv Rev,2009,31(3):349-354.
[9]胡丽,赵玉芳.汶川地震灾区中学生心理健康状况调查.中国学校卫生,2009,30(3):266-267.
[10]张妍,孔繁昌,许芳,等.地震对四川灾区初中生人格发展的影响.中国特殊教育,2010,119(5):65-72.
[11]向燕辉,沃建中,邹高祥,等.地震中有无亲属遇难群体的人格、心身健康及应对方式的特点比较.中国心理卫生,2009,23(6):381-383.
[12]肖计划,许秀峰.应对方式问卷的效度与信度研究.中国心理卫生,1996,10(4):164-168.
[13]ELKLIT A.Victimization and PTSD in a danish national youth proba-bility sample.J Am Acad Child Adoles Psych,2002,41(2):174-181.
[14]NEUNER F,SCHAUER E,CATANI C,et al.Post-tsunami stress:A study of posttraumatic stress disorder in children living in three se-verely affected regions in Sri Lanka.J Trauma Stress,2006,19(3):339-347.
[15]赵守良,张保,赵玉芳.生活事件对震后中学生心理应激状况的影响.中国学校卫生,2008,29(12):1098-1099.
[16]ALEXANDRA,ROUSSOS,ARMEN K,et al.Posttraumatic stressand depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Greece.Am J Psychiatry,2005,162(3):530-537.
[17]WEEMS CF,PIAN AA,COSTA NM,et al.Predisaster trait anxietyand negative affect predict posttraumatic stress in youths after hurri-cane katrina.J Consult Clin Psychol,2007,75(1):154-159.
[18]ZHANG Y,KONG F,WANG L,et al.Mental health and copingstyles of children and adolescents survivors one year after the 2008Chinese earthquake.Child Youth Servic Rev,2010,32(10):1403-1409.
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